9. The Degrees of Comparison (the adjective and the adverb). Степени сравнения прилагательных и наречий

Односложные и оканчивающиеся на -y

a) cold – colder – coldest; easy – easier – easiest; hot – hotter – hottest; happy – happier – happiest;

b) fast- faster –fastest, early – earlier – earliest

Многосложные

difficult – more difficult – most difficult; interesting – more interesting – most interesting

Исключения

good /well – better – best; bad/badly – worse – worst; little – less – least; many /much – more – most, far – father/further, farthest/furthest, old – older/elder – oldest/eldest

Сравнительные конструкции

as … as not so … as / not as…as than

the … the

такой же как не такой как

чем

чем … тем

as big/ often as

not so big/often as/

not as big/often as

bigger/more often than

the more the better

Наречия на - ly

beautifully

quickly

more beautifully

more quickly

most beautifully

most quickly

Note:

be, get, feel, seem, become, smell, taste, look = seem +

прилагательное

to look sad/ nice/happy,

to feel well/bad/fine

Note:

глаголы действия +

наречие:

She looked at me sadly/ happily.

How are you? – Thanks, I am well.

Личные местоимения

Притяжательные

Возвратные

Неопреде-ленные и отрица-тельные

Именитель-ный падеж: (кто)

Объектный падеж: (кому, кого)

I

II

(чей)

I He She It We You They

me him her it us you them

my his her its our your their This is my pen.

mine his hers its ours yours theirs This pen is mine.

myself himself herself itselves ourselves yourselves themselves

many (books) much (water) few (trees) little (light) some

somebody

any

anybody one; no, none something anything nothing nobody

Указательные: this – these; that – those, such, same

Вопросительные: who, whom, whose, which, what

one – the first two – the second three – the third five – the fifth six – the sixth seven – the seventh eight – the eighth nine – the ninth ten – the tenth eleven – the eleventh twelve – the twelfth thirteen – the thirteenth

1) от 13 до 19 суффикс –teen

2) десятки – суффикс – ty twenty, ninety

3) составные числительные twenty – one – the twenty-first

4) one (a) hundred – 5 hundred one (a) thousand – 4 thousand

5) in 1917 – in nineteen seventeen

6) On May 1 – a) on the first or May

– b) on May the first