- •Предисловие
- •Unit I State Structure of the Republic of Belarus
- •Vocabulary
- •The Constitution of the Republic of Belarus
- •Vocabulary Practice
- •Discussion
- •Grammar Practice The Adjective. Degrees of Comparison
- •Articles
- •The Verb. Types of Questions
- •Tenses in the Active Voice
- •Modal Verbs
- •The President
- •The Leguslative and Executive Branches
- •Legal System of Belarus
- •Judicial Power
- •External Policy of the Republic of Belarus
- •Revision Translation
- •Unit II State Structure of the United Kingdom
- •Vocabulary
- •The Constitutional Monarchy
- •Legislature
- •Parliament
- •Vocabulary Practice
- •Verb noun(agent) noun(concept)
- •English Laws
- •Discussion
- •Grammar Practice Tenses in the Active Voice
- •Types of questions. Degrees of comparison. Articles.
- •Limitations on the Lords
- •The Queen
- •Electoral System
- •Political Party System
- •Revision translation
- •Unit III State Structure of the usa
- •Vocabulary
- •The Constitution of the usa
- •Vocabulary Practice
- •Discussion
- •1. The Declaration of Independence:
- •2. The Bill of Rights:
- •The Constitution:
- •Grammar Practice Articles
- •The Passive Voice
- •Modal Verbs
- •The Sequence of Tenses
- •Congress
- •The Senate
- •The House of Representatives
- •Department of Justice
- •Political Parties
- •Revision translation Правовая система сша
- •Unit IV Legal Profession
- •Vocabulary
- •Legal Profession in Great Britain
- •Word Practice
- •Verb noun (agent) noun (concept)
- •Discussion
- •Grammar practice The Infinitive
- •The Infinitive Constructions
- •Prepositions
- •Modal Verbs
- •Legal Profession in the United States
- •Judges Nomination
- •Judicial Independence
- •The United States Sheriffs’ Work
- •Revision translation Профессия юриста в Великобритании
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary Notes:
- •You should Know Law
- •Vocabulary Practice
- •Verb noun (agent) noun (concept)
- •Discussion
- •1. Law is the highest achievement of civilization:
- •2. Functions of law:
- •3. The spheres of law:
- •Grammar Practice
- •Tenses in the Active and Passive Voice (Revision)
- •The Participle
- •The Participle Constructions
- •Sources of Law
- •Legal System of Great Britain
- •Ancient Laws
- •The Middle Ages Legislation
- •The Center of Government and Justice
- •Revision translation
- •Англо-саксонская правовая семья или семья общего права
- •Законодательство на территории Беларуси в Средние Века
- •Unit VI Crime
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary Practice
- •Discussion
- •Tom's Life of Crime
- •Inspector’s Investigation
- •Grammar Practice Prepositions
- •The Gerund
- •Defences
- •Juvenile Delinquency
- •Crime Prevention
- •Measures to Combat Terrorism
- •Computer Crime
- •Revision Translation
- •Unit VII Police Force
- •Vocabulary
- •The Work of the Police in Great Britain
- •Vocabulary Practice
- •Duties and functions of the police force:
- •Members of the police:
- •Grammar Practice Subjunctive Mood
- •The Police Mission
- •Points for Discussion:
- •The Metropolitan Police Force
- •Scotland Yard
- •Interpol
- •Police Force in the u.S.A.
- •Inspection Division
- •Revision Translation
- •Revision test (Units 1 – 3)
- •Inns of Court
- •Scottish Parliament
- •Vocation to Defend Man
- •Revision test (Units 4 – 7)
- •A Famous Russian Jurist
- •Supplement
- •1. English Alphabet and Sounds. Алфавит и звуки
- •2. Rules of reading. Произношение и чтение
- •3.Word Formation. Словообразование. Suffixes. Суффиксы
- •4.The Noun. The Category of number. Множественное число существительных
- •5. The Noun. The Category of Case. Притяжательный падеж
- •6. The indefinite Article
- •7. The Definite Article (with Common Nouns)
- •8. Omission of the Article. Отсутствие артикля
- •9. The Degrees of Comparison (the adjective and the adverb). Степени сравнения прилагательных и наречий
- •10.The Pronoun. Местоимения
- •11. The Cardinal and the Ordinal numerals. Количественные и порядковые числительные
- •12. The Structure of the Sentence. Порядок слов в английском повествовательном предложении
- •13. To be and to Have (Indefinite Tenses). Глаголы to be и to have во временах группы Indefinite
- •15. Types of Questions. Типы вопросительных предложений
- •16. A) The Tenses in the Active Voice Времена действительного залога
- •16. B) The Future–in–the Past. Будущее в прошедшем
- •17. The Constitution It is/was… that. Усилительная конструкция
- •18. The Passive Voice. Страдательный залог.
- •19. Modal Verbs. Модальные глаголы и их эквиваленты.
- •20. The Sequence of Tenses. Согласование времен.
- •22. The word One
- •23. The Participle. Причастие.
- •24. The Participial Constructions. Причастные обороты
- •25. The Gerund. Герундий.
- •26. The Gerundial. Герундиальный оборот
- •27. The Infinitive. Инфинитив
- •28. The Infinitive Constructions. Инфинитивные обороты
- •29. Subjunctive Mood. Сослагательное наклонение.
- •List of Irregular Verbs
- •List of Reference Books
Vocabulary Practice
Ex. 1. Read the international words and guess their meaning. Mind the stress.
-
'nation
i'dea
decla'ration
'articles
a'nnounce
demo'cratic
'federal
a'rrest
confede'ration
'natural
funda'mental
'dominate
'problem
'group
'president
Ex. 2. Complete the list of derivatives. Use a dictionary if necessary.
-
verb
noun (agent)
noun (concept)
to announce
to find
to divide
to form
to serve
to follow
follower
the following
to make
Ex. 3. Pair the words in column A with the ones from column B.
-
A
B
a. freedom
1. history
b. a system
2. ideas
c. citizen’s
3. liberty
d. American
4. of speech
e. the branch
5. of property
f. key
6. of checks and balances
g. seizure
7. of government
Ex. 4. Decide which of the verbs you would use with the noun phrases you have identified in ex.3.
1. to compare with; 2. to find; 3. to sustain; 4. to state; 5. to protect (against); 6. to ensure; 7. to form
Ex. 5. Add adjectives to the following nouns to form noun phrases.
Nouns: searches, announcement, condition, people, elections, authority, state, responsibilities, rights, lines, pride;
Adjectives: direct, natural, great, loud, clear, local, new, unreasonable, free, federal, fundamental.
Ex. 6. How are the following ideas expressed in the text?
a paper that gives information, proof or support of something else;
habitually taking decisions alone;
freedom from control, service, being shut up, etc;
a written statement containing a record of something;
a change, made in or suggested for a rule, law, statement, etc.;
of or formed into a political federation;
a person owned in law by another;
the right to vote in national elections;
the head of government in many modern states that do not have a king or queen;
the choosing of representatives to fill a position, a political office, by vote.
Ex. 7. Match English and Russian equivalents.
-
1. to compare
a. вдохновлять
2. key ideas
b. закладывать основу
3. to sustain order and liberty
c. право рассмотрения дела с участием присяжных
4. to lay the foundation
d. конфискация имущества
5. to inspire
e. сравнивать
6. freedom of worship
f. разделение властей
7. the right of trial by jury
g. поддерживать порядок и свободу
8. seizure of property
h. предвидеть каждую проблему
9. legislative, executive, judicial branches
i. ключевые идеи
10. separation of powers
j. система сдержек и противовесов
11. system of checks and balances
k. расширять демократическую сущность
12. to foresee every problem
l. выбор вероисповедания
13. to expand the democratic nature
m. законодательная, исполнительная, судебная власти
14. to abolish slavery
n. расширять избирательное право
15. to widen the suffrage
o. отменить рабство
16. direct elections
p. прямые выборы
Ex. 8. Choose the best alternative to complete the following sentences.
The Declaration of Independence is more than the announcement of the upheaval / birth of a new nation.
The Declaration laid / marked the foundations for the Articles of Confederation.
The Constitution was adopted in Philadelphia / Washington.
The first ten amendments stated / clarified fundamental rights of any American.
The most striking / unusual feature of the Constitution is the separation of powers.
A great deal of power is in the hands of the President / Congress.
The Constitution has been repeatedly amended / interpreted to meet the needs of the nation.
Under the American Constitution all power prevails / belongs to the people.
The Constitution has served / influenced people for over 200 years.
Other amendments / considerations have expanded / protected the democratic nature of American society.