Vocabulary Practice

Ex. 1. Read the words and guess their meaning. Mind the stress.

constitution republic fundamental soviet president finance

history Belarusian declaration democratic preamble credit

Europe national referendum system territory organise

Ex. 2. Complete the list of derivatives. Use a dictionary if necessary.

Verb	Noun (agent)	Noun (concept)
legislate guarantee implement organise interact	legislator	legislation

Ex. 3. Write down the derivatives of the following words.

history invade conquer foreign nation

proclaim disintegrate emerge defence Belarus

courage tribe inhabit occupy economy

Ex. 4. Pair the words in column A with the ones in column B.

A.

fundamental Belarusian political peaceful internal nuclear-free sovereign state health higher establish human guarantee

B.

settlement independence law state hood zone obtains languages state education protection principles rights freedom

Ex. 5. Add nouns to the following adjectives to form noun phrases.

fundamental new economical legal democratic present-day

political foreign peaceful neutral sovereign local

equal legitimate social supreme legislative electoral

Ex.6. Mach the English and Russian equivalents:

1. fundamental law 2. state sovereignty 3. to adopt the declaration 4. to declare the independence 5. legislative branch of power 6. executive power 7. judicial branch of power 8. local government 9. the basis of the constitutional 10. domestic and foreign policy 11. well-being of the people 12. violent change 13. the supremacy of law 14. international law 15. threat of force 16. the freedom of opinion 17. the principle of separation of powers 18. the defence of the country 19. equal conditions 20. the rights and duties of the citizens

a) права и обязанности граждан b) внутренняя и внешняя политика c) равные условия d) защита страны e) принцип разделения властей f) свобода мнений g) угроза силы h) международное право i) превосходство закона j) насильственное изменение k) благосостояние народа l) основа конституционной системы m) местное правительство n) судебная ветвь власти o) исполнительная власть p) законодательная ветвь власти q) провозглашать независимость r) принимать декларацию s) государственный суверенитет t) основной закон

Ex. 7. Choose the proper word to complete the sentence from the ones given: security, guarantee, freely, supremacy, constitution, equal, carry out, unitary, elected, executive, presidential, legal, statehood, fundamental.

1. The Constitution is the ... law of the Republic of Belarus.

2. A new stage in the history of Belarusian ... began on July 27, 1990.

3. The first ... act that ... Belarus a new democratic state was the 1994 ... .

4. According to the Constitution, Belarus is a ... republic.

5. The head of the state and the ... power is President.

6. The President is ... for a five-year term.

7. The Constitution defines the Republic of Belarus as a ... democratic state.

8. Belarus independently ... domestic and foreign policy.

9. The Constitution establishes the principle of the ... of law.

10. The Constitution proclaims that all are ... before the law.

11. The State ... the freedom of opinion and conviction and the right to voice them ... .

12. The fundamental law guarantees the citizens of Belarus the protection and social ... in old age.

Ex. 8. Express the same idea in one word choosing the one from the words given:

constitution structure law state republic

democracy free violate defence security

war force citizen foreign treaty

declare legislative executive judicial referendum

1. fighting against attack;

2. caused by a cruel attack;

3. a country with a system of government in which the elected representatives of the people are supreme, and with an elected head;

4. organised political community with a government;

5. rule made by authority for the proper regulation of a community or society or for correct conduct in life;

6. system of government, laws and principles according to which a state is governed;

7. freedom from danger or anxiety;

8. the use of armed forces between countries;

9. use pressure or influence to make somebody get or do something;

10. having the duty of making laws;

11. having authority to carry out decisions and laws;

12. by a court of justice;

13. a person who has full rights in a state ;

14. not one's own;

15. an agreement made and signed between nations(persons);

16. make known clearly or formally;

17. way in which something is put together, organised;

18. the referring of a political question to a direct vote of the electorate.

19. a political system in which supreme power belongs to the people;

20. having personal rights and social and political liberties.