- •Передмова
- •Загальні рекомендації
- •The infinitive
- •Sentence patterns with the infinitive
- •1.The Infinitive as Subject
- •2. The Infinitive as Predicate
- •3.The Infinitive as Part of the Predicate
- •3.1 The Infinitive as Part of the Simple Verbal Predicate
- •3.2The Infinitive as Part of the Compound Nominal Predicate proper
- •3.3 The Infinitive as Part of the Compound Verbal Modal Predicate
- •3.4 The Infinitive as Part of the Compound Verbal Phasal Predicate
- •Exercise 10. Complete the following sentences:
- •3.5 The Infinitive as Part of Mixed Predicates
- •4. The Infinitive as Object
- •4.1.The infinitive used after verbs that take only one object
- •4.3.An infinitive conjunctive phrase as object
- •4.4.The infinitive used after adjectives and adjectivized participles
- •4.5The infinitive used after statives
- •5. The Infinitive as Attribute
- •6.The Infinitive as Adverbial Modifier
- •6.2 The Infinitive as Adverbial Modifier of Subsequent Events
- •6.3 The Infinitive as Adverbial Modifier of Consequence (Result)
- •6.4.The Infinitive as Adverbial Modifier of Attendant Circumstances
- •6.5.The Infinitive as Adverbial Modifier of Comparison
- •6.6 The Infinitive as Adverbial Modifier of Condition
- •Exercise 17. Paraphrase the following sentences as in the pattern:
- •6.7 The Infinitive as Adverbial Modifier of Exception
- •6.8 The Infinitive as Adverbial Modifier of Time
- •6.9 The Infinitive as Adverbial Modifier of Motivation
- •7. The Infinitive as Parenthesis
- •Predicative constructions with the infinitive
- •The objective with the infinitive construction
- •I want them to win.
- •The subjective infinitive construction
- •Exercises
- •Self-correction exercises
- •1. Define the form of the infinitive in the following sentences:
- •2.Define the function of the infinitive in the following sentences:
- •3. Paraphrase the following sentences using the predicative infinitive constructions
- •The pattern of a final test on the infinitive
- •1.Complete the following sentences using the predicative infinitive constructions.
- •2.Paraphrase the following sentences using the predicative infinitive
- •3. Copy out the infinitive, define its form and its function.
- •The gerund
- •The main sentence patterns with the gerund
- •1.The Gerund as Subject.
- •2. The Gerund as Part of the Compound Predicate.
- •2.1. The Gerund as Part of the Compound Nominal Predicate (the Predicative)
- •2.2. The gerund as Part of the Compound Verbal Phasal Predicate
- •3. The Gerund as Object
- •3.1. The gerund in the function of a direct object
- •3.2. The Gerund in the function of a prepositional object.
- •3.2.1. After verbs
- •3.2.2. After some phrases
- •4. The gerund as attribute.
- •4.1. After Nouns.
- •4.2. Before Nouns
- •5.The gerund as adverbial modifier.
- •5.2. The gerund as adverbial modifier of attendant circumstances
- •5.3. The gerund as adverbial modifier of manner
- •5.4. The gerund as adverbial modifier of cause (reason).
- •5.5. The gerund as adverbial modifier of substitution / replacement
- •5.7. The gerund as adverbial modifier of addition
- •5.8. The gerund as adverbial modifier of concession
- •5.9. The gerund as adverbial modifier of condition
- •5.10. The gerund as adverbial modifier of exception (exclusion)
- •5.11. The gerund as adverbial modifier of purpose
- •The gerundial construction (complex)
- •1.The gerundial construction as complex subject.
- •2. The gerundial construction as complex predicative
- •3. The gerundial construction as complex direct object
- •4. The gerundial construction as complex prepositional object
- •5. The gerundial construction as complex attribute
- •6. The gerundial construction as complex adverbial modifier
- •Exercises on all sentence patterns with the gerund
- •Self-correction exercises on the gerund
- •1.Define the form of the gerund in the following sentences;
- •2.Define the function of the gerund in the following sentences:
- •The pattern of a final test on the gerund
- •1.Complete the following sentences using the gerund or the predicative gerundial constructions.
- •2.Paraphrase the following sentences using the predicative gerundial constructions, underline them, and define their functions.
- •3.Copy out the gerund, define its form and its function.
- •The Participle
- •The present participle (participle I)
- •Syntactical functions of the present participle
- •1.The Present Participle as Attribute.
- •2.The Present Participle as Adverbial Modifier
- •2.1.The Present Participle as Adverbial Modifier of Time
- •2.2.The Present Participle as Adverbial Modifier of Reason
- •2.3.The Present Participle as Adverbial Modifier of Attendant Circumstances
- •2.6.The Present Participle as Adverbial Modifier of Comparison
- •2.7.The Present Participle as Adverbial Modifier of Concession
- •2.8.The Present Participle as Adverbial Modifier of Condition
- •3.The Present Participle as Predicative (part of the compound nominal predicate)
- •4.The Present Participle as Parenthesis
- •The past participle (participle II)
- •Syntactical functions of the past participle
- •1.The Past Participle as Attribute
- •2.The Past Participle as Predicative (part of the compound nominal predicate)
- •3.The Past Participle as Part of the Compound Nominal Double Predicate
- •4.The Past Participle as Adverbial Modifier
- •4.1.The Past Participle as Adverbial Modifier of Time
- •4.2.The Past Participle as Adverbial Modifier of Reason
- •4.3.The Past Participle as Adverbial Modifier of Condition
- •4.4.The Past Participle as Adverbial Modifier of Concession
- •4.5.The Past Participle as Adverbial Modifier of Comparison
- •Predicative constructions with the participle
- •The objective participial construction
- •I saw the children speaking.
- •I found the door locked.
- •The subjective participial construction
- •Absolute constructions Nominative Absolute Participial Construction
- •Prepositional Absolute Participial Construction
- •Exercises
- •Self-correction exercises
- •1. Define the form of the participle in the following sentences:
- •2. Define the function of the participle in the following sentences:
- •3.Identify the predicative constructions with the infinitive, gerund and participle. Define their functions.
- •The pattern of a final test on the participle
- •1.Complete the following sentences using the predicative constructions with the Participle. Define their names and functions.
- •2. Copy out the Participles and define their functions.
- •3.Copy out the Participles and define their forms:
- •The pattern of a laboratory work on the non-finite forms of the verb
- •Insert the correct form of the non-finite forms of the verb, if possible.
- •Keys to the laboratory work on the non-finite forms of the verb
- •References
The pattern of a laboratory work on the non-finite forms of the verb
Insert the correct form of the non-finite forms of the verb, if possible.
1.It is difficult for me ______ people’s faces, but not their names.
a) to remember b) to have remembered c) remember
d) to be remembering
2.He prefers travelling by train rather than ____.
a) to drive b) drive c) driving d) to be driven
3.____ helped to pass the time.
a)to read b)reading c)having read d)to be read
4.It’s interesting to watch children____.
a)to play b)playing c)having played d)to be playing
5.She was bored by university lecture, _____ it was just kid’s stuff.
a) to say b) saying c) having said d) said
6.She needs her hair _____.
a)to cut b)cut c)being cut d)having cut
7.She kicked up a tremendous fuss about not ____ the best table at the restaurant.
a) given b) being given c) having been given d) giving
8.Alan used to ____ of the snakes.
a) be terrified b) being terrified c) have been terrified
d) having been terrified
9.Do you mind _____? – No, that’s quite all right.
a)to open the window b)opening the window
c)having opened the window d)open the window
10.The juice is in the fridge. It just wants _____ for a couple of minutes.
a) to cool b) cooling c) to be cooled d) being cooled
11.____ all that by the age of thirty is quite remarkable.
a) to accomplish b) accomplishing c) to have accomplish
d) to be accomplishing
12.This room needs _____ a bit.
a) to clean b) to be cleaned c) cleaning d) clean
13.We had to keep ______so that John could get out of the car and be sick.
a) to stop b) stop c) stopping d) stopped
14.Paul has a strong desire to get a seat even if it means ___ in a queue all night.
a) to stand b) stand c) standing d) having stood
15.He used _____ in bed when I first got to know him – I soon put a stop to that.
a)to eat b)eat c)eating d)to be eating
16.They eventually found him____ a newspaper in the library.
a) to read b) read c) reading d) to be reading
17.Buffalo were not meant ______ like cattle.
a) to raise b) to be raised c) raising d) to have been raised
18.Some insects have been found _____ for several years without any water.
a) to live b) to be living c) living d) to have been living
19.The girl____ the morning newspaper has been ill.
a) to bring b) brought c) bringing d) who brings
20.If you have to keep ____ to answer the telephone, you never get any work done.
a)to go b)go c)going d)went
21.The house is too small and he is having room ____ on.
a) to build b) build c) built d) being built
22.I remember ______ about the earthquake in the paper.
a) to read b) read c) reading d) being read
23.Whenever I get home I always seem to find you in front of the TV ____ a little snack.
a) to have b) to be having c) having d) to have been having
24.______ an owner of the company for such a long time, he found it hard to accept orders from another people.
a) to be b) to have been c) being d) having been
25.They are said_____ the house.
a) to sell b) sold c) to have sold d) having sold
26.He says he was talking to Tom. - He couldn’t _____ to Tom, Tom wasn’t there.
a) to talk b) to be talking c) talking d) have been talking
27.He stopped ___ the flower that I had dropped.
a) to pick up b) pick up c) picking up d) picked
28.She was one of the first _____ at the party.
a) to arrive b) to have arrived c) arriving d) having arrived
29.Firm in their belief that they could never be caught, they didn’t bother ____ the clues which eventually betrayed to the police.
a) to hide b) to have hidden c) hiding d) having hidden
30.He risked ______ his house when his company went bankrupt.
a) to lose b) to have lost c) losing d) having lost
31.She never forgot _____ the Himalayas for the first time.
a) to see b) seeing c) to have seen d) having seen
32.The woman said she saw the van ______ outside her house at ten o’clock.
a) to park b) to be parked c) park d) parking
33.He is involved with the movement to stop animals _____ for their fur.
a) to kill b) to be killed c) killing d) being killed
34.The government didn’t want _____ to be marking concessions to terrorism.
a) to see b) to be seen c) seeing d) to have seen
35.The woman was supposed to shout to make herself ______ above the sound of the music.
a) to hear b) hearing c) heard d) to be heard
INDEX
Adverbial modifier of addition 88, 89
Adverbial modifier of attendant circumstances 23, 27, 86, 123, 126, 127, 146, 147
Adverbial modifier of cause/reason 85, 87
Adverbial modifier of comparison/ preference 85, 88, 123, 128, 135, 137
Adverbial modifier of concession 85, 89, 123, 129, 135, 137
Adverbial modifier of condition 23, 27, 85, 89, 123, 129, 135, 136
Adverbial modifier of exception/exclusion 23, 28, 85, 89
Adverbial modifier of manner 66, 85, 87, 123, 127
Adverbial modifier of motivation 23,29
Adverbial modifier of purpose 23, 24, 25, 40, 85, 90
Adverbial modifier of result 123, 127
Adverbial modifier of subsequent events 23, 24, 25
Adverbial modifier of substitution / replacement 85, 88
Adverbial modifier of time 23, 29, 85, 86, 123, 135, 147
Aspect 7, 8, 10, 27, 29, 31, 33, 36
Attribute 21-23, 39, 81-84, 94, 95, 121-123, 131-133
Complex adverbial modifier 40, 95
Complex attribute 39, 94, 95
Complex object 31, 39, 139
Complex subject 35, 38, 93, 143
Compound Nominal Double Predicate 134
Compound Nominal Predicate Proper 14, 15, 16, 29, 70, 130, 133, 134
Compound Verbal Modal Predicate 15, 17
Compound Verbal Phasal Predicate 15, 17, 70-72
Correlation 7, 65
For-to-Infinitive Construction 31, 37, 38, 39
Gerund 65-95
Gerundial predicative construction 92-95
Infinitive 7-40
Nominative Absolute Participial Construction 144, 145
Object 19-21, 73, 78
Objective Participial Construction 139-141
Objective with the Infinitive Construction 31-33
Parenthesis 29, 130
Past Participle (Participle II) 131-138
Predicate 15, 70
Predicative 29, 38, 70, 71, 93, 130, 133, 134
Prepositional Absolute Participial Construction 145-147
Present Participle (Participle I) 119-130
Simple Verbal Predicate 14, 16, 134, 169
Subject 13, 68
Subjective Infinitive Construction 35-36
Subjective Participial Construction 143
Voice 7, 9, 65, 66, 119, 120, 134