- •Stone age on the territory of Kazakhstan. Divisions into periods, archaeological monuments. Main characteristics.
- •Bronze Age Stone age on the territory of Kazakhstan. Divisions into periods, archaeological monuments. Main characteristics.
- •Saks tribal unity (location, economy, culture, social organization).
- •Huns in the history of Central Asia (location, economy, social organization, political history).
- •Usuns in the history of Kazakhstan (location, economy, social organization, political history).
- •Turks in the history of Eurasia. Turkic and Western Turkic Khanates (politic and social history, economy).
- •Turgeshes and Kharlukhs in the history of Kazakhstan (location, economy, social organization, political history).
- •Oghuz state in the history of Kazakhstan (location, economy, social organization, political history).
- •Karakhanid state (political history, peculiarities of economics and social organization).
- •Kharakhitais state (location, economy, social organization, political history).
- •11) Qimaques in the history of Kazakhstan (location, economy, social organization, political history).
- •Kypshaks in the history of Kazakhstan (location, economy, social organization, political history).
- •Nayman and Kerey Uluses (location, economy, social organization, political history).
- •The Great Silk Way on the territory of Kazakhstan.
- •16) Aqtaban Shubirindi – the Great Retreat. The struggle of a Kazakh people with Zhonghar invasion in XVII-XVIII centuries.
- •17) The development of culture and science in VI – XII centuries (Abu Nasyr al-Farabi, Balasaguni, u. Kazhgari, m. Khodzha Akhmed Yassaui).
- •18) Mongol conquest of Central Asia and Kazakhstan: causes, chronology, stages and consequences. The heroic defense of Otrar.
- •The state of Golden Horde (political history, economy, social organization).
- •20 )The formation of the state of White Horde and Mughulistan (political history, social organization).
- •21) The Mongol conquest of the territory of Kazakhstan and the consequences of the invasion.
- •Abulkhair Khanate (1428-1468) or The State of Nomadic Uzbeks.
- •23. Ethno genesis of a Kazakh people. The origin of the ethno name ‘Kazakh’.
- •The Kazakh Zhuzes: the origin, territory, tribal structure.
- •25. The formation and demise of Kazakh khanate XV-XVI.
- •The first Kazakh Khans and Kazakh Khanate in the xy-XVI centuries.
- •AThe history of assessment of the Small, Middle and Great Hordes with Russia XVIII-XIX cc.
- •28. The history of assessment of the Small and Middle Zhuses with Russia.
- •The history of assessment of the Great Zhuz with Russia.
- •30) The main battles of the Kazakhs struggle with Zhonghar invasion in XVII-XVIII
- •31. The assessment of Kazakhstan into Russian empire: the main stages and their features.
- •The Kazakh revolt of Small Horde under the leadership of Sirim batyr (1783-1797).
- •Kazakhstan within the Russian empire (administrative reforms of 1822, 1824, 1867-68 years and their colonial character).
- •The uprising of the Kazakhs of Small Horde under the leadership of Isatai Taiman uli and Makhambet Otemys uli (1836-1838).
- •The national movement of a Kazakh people for independence under the leadership of Kenesary Khasym uli (1837-1847 years).
- •The February bourgeois-democratic revolution of 1917 in Russian and its influence on Kazakhstan.
- •Kazakhstan during the civil war in 1918-1920 years and establishment of Soviet power.
- •Islamization and the introduction of Shari’a law by the end of the seventeen century.
- •The role and place of “Alash Orda” movement in the history of Kazakhstan. A. Bokeihanov and his role in the history of Kazakhstan.
- •The role of the Great Silk Way on the territory of Kazakhstan and it’s in cultural and economic development of the region.
- •The personality of Tauke Khan and his code Jhety Jharga
- •The epoch of Enlightenment in Kazakhstan. Abai Kunanbaev (1845-1904). – the great figure of Kazakh Enlightenment
- •The impact of Russian revolution of 1905
- •The national-liberating revolt of 1916 year (the causes, peculiarities, main centers)
- •The February bourgeois-democratic revolution of 1917 in Russia and its influence on Kazakhstan
- •Alash Orda’ political party, its program aims and activity
- •The success of 1917 October revolution and the establishment of Soviet government in Kazakhstan
- •Kazakhstan during the Civil war 1918-1920
- •The history of Kazakh “Soviet nationhood” (as an autonous and Soviet Socialist republic).
- •The policy of ‘military communism’ in Kazakhstan (1918-1920).
- •The nep in Kazakhstan (1921-1925) and its nature. The results of nep policy in Kazakhstan.
- •The process of industrialization in Kazakhstan (1920-1934). The results of industrialization policy in Kazakhstan.
- •The Collectivization in Kazakhstan (1928-1940): the means of introduction and its consequences.
- •The policy of Soviet government in the field of culture in 1920-1930ss years.
- •The crimes of totalitarian regime in Kazakhstan: the mass repressions of 1920-1930ss years.
- •61) The political party “Alash”, its program aims and activity. The creation of government “Alash Orda” (1917-1918).
- •62) The participation of Kazakhstan people in the front battles of the Great Patriotic War (1941-1945).
- •63) The feats of labour of Kazakhstan people during the Great Patriotic War (1941-1945).
- •64) The cultivation of the “Virgin Lands” in Kazakhstan in 1950-1960ss years: the projects and results.
- •66) The front feats of Kazakhstan people during the Great Patriotic War (1941-1945).
- •67) The front and labour heroism of Kazakhstan people during the Great Patriotic War (1941-1945).
- •68) The epoch of Enlightenment in Kazakhstan. Ibrahim Altynsarin the great teacher of humanity.
- •69) Kazakhstan the new nation in the system of International relatins. (membership in uno)
- •70) The policy of “Reoganizatin/Perestroika” in Kazakhstan (1985-1991): the main stages and their characteristies
- •71. The disintegration of ussr: the causes and consequences. The formation of cis.
- •72. The history of the Constitution of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
- •73. The fates of the leaders of AlashOrda government.
- •74) Kazakhstan as the successful experience of multiethnic state.
- •75. The role and functions of the Assembly of Kazakhstan people.
- •76. The foreign policy of the Republic of Kazakhstan at the present time.
- •77. The history of the ussr disintegration and the Independence of Kazakhstan .
- •79. The state symbols of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
- •80. The main priorities of the entrance of the Republic of Kazakhstan in 50 most competitive countries of the world.
- •81. Kazakhstan chairmanship in osce in 2010
- •82. The history and role of the parliament (Madjilis) in Kazakhstan
- •83. The history and role of the Supreme Court in Kazakhstan
- •84. The role of president in political system of Kazakhstan
- •85. The government and prime minister in political system of Kazakhstan (the history, role and functions)
- •87. The creation of AlashOrda government. The first experience of nationhood as an autonomous republic.
- •88. The famine of 1932-1933 years in Kazakhstan.
- •90. Main priorities of current Kazakhstan foreign policy.
Stone age on the territory of Kazakhstan. Divisions into periods, archaeological monuments. Main characteristics.
The term "Stone Age" was used by archaeologists to designate this vast pre-metallurgic period. It is the first age in the three-age system. The subdivision into the Palaeolithic, Mesolithic and Neolithic periods that still is in use today, was made by John Lubbock in his now classic 1865 book Pre-historic Times.
The Paleolithic (The term Paleolithic derives from Greek: palaios, "old"; and, lithos, "stone", literally meaning "old age of the stone" or "Old Stone Age.") Age, Era, or Period, or Old Stone Age, is a broad prehistoric time period during which humans widely used stone for toolmaking (and covers roughly 99% of human technological history).
Paleolithic: Early (lower) - 800-140 thousand years BC At that time people appeared on the territory of Kazakhstan. The earliest human remains found in Kenya (Africa), where the oldest person («skillful people») was found. Ancient people of Kazakhstan - a contemporary of pithecanthropus (found on the island of Java) and sinantropus (found in China). The oldest people are similar to monkeys - gatherers. Main information about the ancient culture of people give the stone tools (river gravel). Tools: chopper, choppling, rubilo, otschepy. In the early Paleolithic primitive stage appeared - the association for the joint defense, attack, hunting and gathering. The first stop (stand, стоянка) on the territory of Kazakhstan was found in the area of the spine Karatau (Southern Kazakhstan).
Middle Paleolithic (Must) - 140-40 thousand years BC People of this period - contemporary Neanderthals - which has been found in Germany. Tools - scraping knife (strickle). Origin religious beliefs.
Late (top) Paleolithic - 40-12 thousand years BC A modern type of man - «reasonable man». Fossil remains of «reasonable man» (kromanontsa) is found in France. Tools: - scrapers knife, cutters, harpoons, darts, prokolki. Animals: Mammoth. Tribal community appeared. There is an art.
Mesolithic (12-5 thousand years BC): The climate change of Mesolithic age led to the rise of the temperature on the earth surface. It caused some changes in flora and fauna. Mammoths completely diappeared. The characteristic features of Mesolithic age: a wide use of bows and arrows, application of auxiliary techniques to make tools for labour and increase of population density. The development of methods to satisfy domestic demands resulted in some regions in tilling and cattle-breeding, whereas in other regions fishing, raising crops and hunting. The characteristic features of that time are: a wide use of bows and arrows: application of the auxiliary techniques in making tools - which made “man’s hand lengthened” -and increase of people density.
Neolithic (5-3 thousand years BC) The Neolithic, beginning with the rise of farming, which produced the "Neolithic Revolution" and ending when metal tools became widespread in the Copper Age or Bronze Age or developing directly into the Iron Age, depending on geographical region. The Neolithic is not a specific chronological period, but rather a suite of behavioural and cultural characteristics, including the use of wild and domestic crops and the use of domesticated animals.
The profound differences in human interactions and subsistence methods associated with the early agricultural practices in the Neolithic have been called the Neolithic Revolution.
Most monuments of the Neolithic Age were taken from Kharaungyr excavations, in the south foot of the Karatau mountains. The monuments of Neolithic Age are also notable in Atbasar and Makhanzar.