The Law of Preservation of Weight of Substances

By Stanley K. Brubaker

Let's consider in 1) vi_w of the nuclear-molecular doctrine organic laws of chemistry: preservations of weight of substances, 2) con_tancies of structure, 3) vol_metric attitudes (relations) and law Avogadro.These laws 4) confi_m the nuclear-molecular doctrine – a 5) basi_ of new chemistry. In turn, the nuclear-molecular 6) do_trine has 7) expl_ined organic laws of chemistry.

The law of preservation of weight of substances for the 1) _______ time was formulated in 1748 by M.V.Lomonosov. Later (in 1756) he has 2) ________ proved this law. The modern formulation of the 3) _______is those: the weight of the substances entering 4) _______ reaction is equal to weight of the substances formed as a result of 5) _______. Irrespective of Lomonosov this law was formulated in 1789 by the French 6) _______ Lavoisier. He also has received experimental 7) ________of the law, having studied many reactions of oxidation of metals.

The new chemistry 1) (originate, originates) from 2) (M.Lomonosov's works, M.Lomonosovs’ work) – opening of the law of preservation of weight of substances, developments and applications in chemistry of the nuclear-molecular doctrine, modern chemistry – from opening 3) (the, a) periodic law and periodic system of elements of D.Mendeleyev. The law of preservation of weight of substances 4) (can be explained, can have explaining) from the point of view of the nuclear-molecular doctrine so: at chemical reactions atoms 5) (do not, are not) disappear and cannot arise from 6) (anything, something); the general number of atoms remains to constants before reaction.

Спеціальність: Географія

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From The Nature Friends

27.05. 2008

An Earthquake

By Bernice Karnop

An earthquake is the result of a sudden release of energy in the Earth's 1) cr__st that creates seismic waves. Earthquakes are recorded with a seismometer, also known as a 2) seismogra__h. The moment magnitude of an earthquake is conventionally reported, or the related and mostly obsolete 3) Ri__hter magnitude, with magnitude 3 or lower earthquakes being mostly imperceptible and magnitude 7 causing serious 4) dam_ge over large 5) ar__as. Intensity of shaking is 6) me__sured on the modified Mercalli 7) s__ale.

At the Earth's 1) ______, earthquakes manifest themselves by a shaking and sometimes displacement of the 2) _______. When a large earthquake epicenter is located offshore, the 3) _______ sometimes suffers 4) _________ displacement to cause a 5) ________. The shaking in earthquakes can also 6) ________ landslides and occasionally 7) _______activity.

In its most generic sense, the word earthquake 1) (uses, is used) to describe any seismic event —whether a natural phenomenon or an event caused by humans — that 2) (generates, generate) seismic waves. Earthquakes 3) (are caused, is caused) mostly by rupture of geological faults, but also by volcanic activity, landslides, mine blasts, and nuclear experiments. An earthquake's point of initial rupture is called its focus or hypocenter. The term epicenter 4) (had mean, means) the point at ground level directly above this. Most naturally occurring earthquakes are related to the tectonic nature of 5) (a, the) Earth. Such earthquakes are called tectonic earthquakes. The Earth's lithosphere is a patchwork of plates in slow but constant motion caused by the release to space of the heat in the Earth's mantle and core. The heat 6) (will caused, causes) the rock in the Earth to flow on geological timescales, so that the plates move slowly but surely.

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From the Times

14.05.2009