- •Section 1 System Overview
- •1.1 System Description
- •1.2 Line Replaceable Units (LRU)
- •1.3 G1000 Controls
- •PFD/MFD Controls
- •Audio Panel Controls
- •1.4 Secure Digital (SD) Cards
- •1.5 System Power-up
- •1.6 System Operation
- •Normal Display Operation
- •Reversionary Display Operation
- •AHRS Operation
- •G1000 System Annunciations
- •Softkey Function
- •GPS Receiver Operation
- •1.7 Accessing G1000 Functionality
- •Menus
- •MFD Page Groups
- •MFD System Pages
- •Electronic Checklists (Optional)
- •1.8 Display Backlighting
- •Automatic Adjustment
- •Manual Adjustment
- •Section 2 flight Instruments
- •2.1 Flight Instruments
- •Airspeed Indicator
- •Attitude Indicator
- •Altimeter
- •Vertical Speed Indicator (VSI)
- •Vertical Deviation, Glideslope, & Glidepath Indicators
- •Horizontal Situation Indicator (HSI)
- •Course Deviation Indicator (CDI)
- •2.2 Supplemental Flight Data
- •Generic Timer
- •Outside Air Temperature
- •Wind Data
- •System Time
- •Vertical Navigation (VNV) Indications
- •2.3 PFD Annunciations and Alerting Functions
- •System Alerting
- •Traffic Annunciation
- •TAWS Annunciations
- •Low Altitude Annunciation
- •Altitude Alerting
- •Minimum Descent Altitude/Decision Height Alerting
- •Marker Beacon Annunciations
- •2.4 Abnormal Operations
- •Abnormal GPS Conditions
- •Unusual Attitudes
- •Section 3 Engine Indication System (EIS)
- •3.1 Engine Display
- •3.2 Lean Display
- •3.3 System Display
- •Section 4 audio panel and CNS
- •4.1 Overview
- •PFD/MFD Controls and Frequency Display
- •Audio Panel Controls
- •4.2 COM Operation
- •COM Transceiver Selection and Activation
- •COM Transceiver Manual Tuning
- •Quick-Tuning and Activating 121.500 MHz
- •Auto-tuning the COM Frequency
- •Frequency Spacing
- •Automatic Squelch
- •Volume
- •4.3 NAV Operation
- •NAV Radio Selection and Activation
- •NAV Receiver Manual Tuning
- •Auto-tuning the NAV Frequency
- •Marker Beacon Receiver
- •DME Tuning (Optional)
- •4.4 GTX 33 Mode S Transponder
- •Transponder Controls
- •Transponder Mode Selection
- •Entering a Transponder Code
- •IDENT Function
- •Flight ID Reporting
- •4.5 Additional Audio Panel Functions
- •Power-Up
- •Mono/Stereo Headsets
- •Speaker
- •Intercom
- •Clearance Recorder and Player
- •Entertainment Inputs
- •4.6 Audio Panel Preflight Procedure
- •4.7 Abnormal Operation
- •Stuck Microphone
- •COM Tuning Failure
- •Audio Panel Fail-Safe Operation
- •Reversionary Mode
- •Section 5 GPS Navigation
- •5.1 Introduction
- •5.2 Navigation Map (MFD)
- •Navigation Map Page
- •5.3 PFD Inset Map and Windows
- •Inset Map
- •PFD Windows
- •5.4 Direct-to-Navigation (MFD)
- •Selecting a Direct-to Waypoint
- •Clearing Vertical Constraints
- •Specifying a Course to a Waypoint
- •Canceling Direct-to Navigation
- •Direct-to Navigation Shortcuts
- •5.5 Direct-to-Navigation (PFD)
- •5.6 Airport Information (MFD)
- •Duplicate Waypoints
- •Additional Airport Runway Information
- •5.7 Intersection Information (MFD)
- •5.8 NDB Information (MFD)
- •5.9 VOR Information (MFD)
- •5.10 User Waypoint Information (MFD)
- •5.11 Nearest Airports (MFD)
- •5.12 Nearest Intersections (MFD)
- •5.13 Nearest NDB (MFD)
- •5.14 Nearest VOR (MFD)
- •5.15 Nearest User Waypoint (MFD)
- •5.16 Nearest Airspaces
- •5.17 Nearest Airports (PFD)
- •5.18 Flight Planning (MFD)
- •Airways/Jetways
- •Display of Airways on the Flight Plan Page
- •Vertical Navigation (VNV)
- •Navigating an Example Flight Plan
- •Parallel Track (PTK)
- •5.19 Flight Planning (PFD)
- •Operations
- •5.20 Procedures (MFD)
- •Leg Types Supported by the G1000
- •5.21 Procedures (PFD)
- •Operations
- •5.22 ABNORMAL OPERATION
- •Dead Reckoning
- •Section 6 Hazard Avoidance
- •6.1 XM Satellite Weather (Service Optional)
- •Activating XM Satellite Services
- •Using XM SATELLITE Weather Products
- •Weather Softkeys on the Weather Data Link Page
- •Setting Up the Weather Data Link Page
- •XM Satellite Weather on the Navigation Map
- •6.2 WX-500 Stormscope (Optional)
- •Setting Up Stormscope on the Navigation Map
- •Selecting the Stormscope Page
- •6.3 Terrain Proximity
- •Requirements
- •GPS Position and GPS-MSL Altitude
- •Displaying Terrain Proximity Data
- •Terrain Proximity Symbols
- •Terrain Proximity Page
- •Navigation Map Page
- •6.4 TAWS (Optional)
- •Requirements
- •TAWS Alerting
- •Using TAWS
- •TAWS Symbols
- •TAWS Alerts
- •6.5 Traffic
- •Traffic Information Service (TIS)
- •Honeywell KTA 870 TAS System (Optional)
- •ADS-B Traffic (Optional)
- •Section 7 Automatic Flight Control System
- •7.1 AFCS Controls
- •7.2 Flight Director Operation
- •Command Bars
- •Activating the Flight Director
- •7.3 Flight Director Modes
- •Pitch Modes
- •Roll Modes
- •7.4 Autopilot Operation
- •Engaging the Autopilot
- •Control Wheel Steering
- •Disengaging the Autopilot
- •7.5 Example Procedures
- •Departure
- •Intercepting a VOR Radial
- •Flying a Flight Plan/GPS Course
- •Descent
- •Approach
- •Go Around/Missed Approach
- •7.6 AFCS Annunciations and Alerts
- •AFCS Status Alerts
- •Overspeed Protection
- •Section 8 Additional Features
- •8.1 SafeTaxi
- •SafeTaxi Cycle Number and Revision
- •8.2 ChartView
- •ChartView Softkeys
- •Terminal Procedures Charts
- •Chart Options
- •Day/Night View
- •ChartView Cycle Number and Expiration Date
- •8.3 FliteCharts
- •FliteCharts Softkeys
- •Terminal Procedures Charts
- •Chart Options
- •Day/Night View
- •FliteCharts Cycle Number and Expiration Date
- •8.4 XM Radio Entertainment (Optional)
- •XM Satellite Radio Service
- •XM Service Activation
- •Using XM Radio
- •Automatic Audio Muting
- •8.5 Abnormal Operation
- •Annunciations and Alerts
- •Alert Level Definitions
- •NAV III Aircraft Alerts
- •CO Guardian Messages
- •G1000 System Annunciations
- •Other G1000 Aural Alerts
- •G1000 System Message Advisories
- •AFCS Alerts
- •TAWS ALERTS
- •TAWS System Status Annunciations
- •SD Card Use
- •Jeppesen Databases
- •Garmin Databases
- •Glossary
- •Frequently Asked Questions
- •General TIS Information
- •Introduction
- •TIS vs. TAS/TCAS
- •TIS Limitations
- •Map Symbols
- •Index
HAZARD AVOIDANCE
6.3 TERRAIN PROXIMITY
WARNING: Do not use Terrain Proximity information for primary terrain avoidance. Terrain Proximity is intended only to enhance situational awareness.
NOTE: Terrain data is not displayed when the aircraft latitude is greater than 75° North or 60° South.
NOTE: Terrain Proximity is only available when TAWS is not enabled.
G1000 Terrain Proximity is a non-TSO-C151b-certified terrain awareness system. It increases situational awareness and aids in reducing controlled flight into terrain (CFIT).
Do not confuse Terrain Proximity with Terrain Awareness and Warning System (TAWS). TAWS is more sophisticatedandrobust,anditisTSO-C151bcertified. TerrainProximitydoesnotprovidewarningannunciations or voice alerts. It only provides color indications on map displays when terrain and obstacles are within a certain altitude threshold from the aircraft. Although the terrain and obstacle color map displays are the same, TAWS uses more sophisticated algorithms to assess aircraft distance from terrain and obstacles.
REQUIREMENTS
Terrain Proximity requires the following components to operate properly:
•Valid 3-D GPS position
•Valid terrain/obstacle database
GPS POSITION AND GPS-MSL ALTITUDE
The G1000 GPS receiver provides the horizontal position and altitude. GPS altitude is derived from satellite position. GPS altitude is then converted to a mean sea level (MSL)-based altitude (GPS-MSL altitude) and is used to determine terrain and obstacle proximity. GPS-MSL altitude accuracy is affected by satellite geometry, but is not subject to variations in pressure and temperature that normally affect pressure altitude sensors. GPS-MSL altitude does not require local altimeter settings to determine MSL altitude. It is a widely-used MSL altitude source.
Terrain and obstacle databases are referenced to MSL. Using the GPS position and altitude, the Terrain Proximity feature portrays a 2-D picture of the surrounding terrain and obstacles relative to the position and altitude of the aircraft. GPS position and GPS-MSL altitude are used to calculate and predict the aircraft’s flight path in relation to the surrounding terrain and obstacles. In this way, the pilot can view predicted dangerous terrain and obstacle conditions.
DISPLAYING TERRAIN PROXIMITY DATA
Terrain and obstacle information can be displayed on the following pages:
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• Terrain Proximity Page |
• AUX - Trip Planning Page |
• Navigation Map |
• Flight Plan Pages |
• PFD Inset Map |
|
To display terrain and obstacle data on any page other than the Terrain Proximity Page, press the MAP Softkey, then press the TERRAIN Softkey. Obstacles with heights greater than 200 feet above ground level (AGL) are displayed in three color levels (Table 6-6). The G1000 adjusts colors automatically as the aircraft altitude changes.
Terrain Proximity may also be deselected from the Inset Map without affecting the terrain display on the MFD maps.
Obstacles are displayed only at certain map zoom ranges, on certain maps, and will only be displayed if an obstacle database is loaded on the SD card. In addition, all map zoom ranges are dependent on the zoom range setting in the Navigation Map. If the zoom range on the Navigation Map is adjusted to below 20 nm, the highest zoom range on all other maps is also adjusted proportionally.
Table 6-5 shows the map pages and the highest zoom range at which obstacles are displayed.
Map |
nm |
|
|
Navigation Map Page |
50 |
|
|
Inset Map |
10 |
|
|
Terrain Proximity Page |
10 |
AUX - Trip Planning Page |
10 |
|
|
Active Flight Plan Pages |
15 |
|
|
Table 6-5 Zoom Ranges for Displaying Obstacle Data
If an obstacle and the projected flight path intersect, the Terrain Proximity Page automatically zooms in to place the potential point of impact on the display.
LIMITATIONS
Terrain Proximity displays altitudes of terrain and obstructions relative to the aircraft position and altitude with reference to a database that may contain inaccuracies. Terrain and obstructions are shown only if they are in the database. Terrain and obstacle information should be used as an aid to situational awareness. They should never be used to navigate or maneuver around terrain.
Note that all obstructions may not be available in the terrain and obstacle database. No terrain and obstacle information is shown without a valid 3-D GPS position.
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HAZARD AVOIDANCE
TERRAIN PROXIMITY SYMBOLS
The symbols and colors in Figure 6-43 and Table 6-6 are used to represent obstacles and aircraft altitude on the Terrain Proximity Page. Terrain Proximity uses black, yellow, and red to represent terrain information relative to aircraft altitude.
Terrain Above Aircraft Altitude
Aircraft Altitude
100 ft Threshold
1000 ft
Figure 6-43 Terrain Altitude/Color Correlation for Terrain Proximity
The color of each obstacle is associated with the altitude of the aircraft. The color of the terrain also uses these color assignments.
Obstacle Symbol
Unlighted Obstacle |
Lighted Obstacle |
Color |
Terrain/Obstacle Location |
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< 1000’ AGL |
> 1000’ AGL |
< 1000’ AGL |
> 1000’ AGL |
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Terrain/Obstacle above or |
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Red |
within 100’ below the aircraft |
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altitude |
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Terrain/Obstacle between |
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Yellow |
100’ and 1000’ below the |
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aircraft altitude |
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Terrain/Obstacle more than |
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Black |
1000’ below the aircraft |
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altitude |
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Table 6-6 Terrain Proximity Terrain/Obstacle Colors and Symbology
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TERRAIN PROXIMITY PAGE
The Terrain Proximity Page is in the MAP group of pages and displays the following:
•Current aircraft location
•GPS-derived MSL altitude in increments of 20 feet or 10 meters, depending on unit configuration.
•Range marking rings (360ºView: 1 nm, 1 and 2 nm, 2.5 and 5 nm, 5 and 10 nm, 12.5 and 25 nm, 25 and 50 nm, 50 and 100 nm, 100 and 200 nm) (Arc View: 1 nm, 2 nm, 5 nm, 10 nm, 25 nm, 25 and 50 nm, 25 and 100 nm, 25 and 200 nm)
•Heading Box (North Up, Track Up, DTK Up, HDG Up) - Heading on the Terrain Proximity Page displays ‘HDG Up’ map data unless there is no valid heading
•Terrain
•Terrain Range - Indicates the terrain elevation in colors relative to the aircraft altitude (Table 6-6)
Displaying terrain and obstacles on the Terrain Proximity Page:
1)Turn the large FMS Knob to select the Map Page Group.
2)Turn the small FMS Knob to select the last rectangular page icon.
3)Turn the Joystick clockwise to display a larger area or counter-clockwise to display a smaller area.
There are two terrain/obstacle viewing options available (relative to the position of the aircraft), the 360° default display and the radar-like ARC (120°) display.
Black Terrain (Terrain |
|
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More than 1000’ |
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Below the Aircraft |
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|
Altitude) |
Map Range |
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Yellow Terrain (Terrain |
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Between 100’ and |
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1000’ Below the |
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Aircraft Altitude) |
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Red Terrain (Terrain |
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Above or Within 100’ |
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Below the Aircraft |
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|
Altitude) |
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|
Terrain Legend |
Figure 6-44 Terrain Proximity Page
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Changing the viewing mode between 360° and ARC:
1)Select the Terrain Proximity Page.
2)Press the VIEW Softkey.
3)Press the 360 or ARC Softkey to select the desired view.
OR:
1)Press the MENU Key. The page menu is displayed with either ‘View Arc’ or ‘View 360º’. Press the ENT Key to change the view.
2)Turn the Joystick clockwise to display a larger area or counter-clockwise to display a smaller area. \
Red Terrain (Terrain
Above or Within 100’ Map Range Below the Aircraft
Altitude)
Yellow Terrain
(Terrain Between
100’ and 1000’
Below the Aircraft
Altitude)
Black Terrain (Terrain
More than 1000’
Below the Aircraft Terrain Legend
Altitude)
Figure 6-45 Terrain Proximity Page (ARC View)
Other aviation information such as airports, VORs, and other NAVAIDS can be displayed on the Terrain Proximity Page.
Showing or hiding aviation information:
1)Press the MENU Key.
2)Select ‘Show (or Hide) Aviation Data’.
3)Press the ENT Key.
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