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7. ПРЕДЛОГИ
Предлоги времени
at 10 o’clock, at lunchtime
at noon, at night, at midnight
at sunrise, at sunset, at dawn
at the beginning / end of the day
at present
at the moment
at once, at short notice
at this time, at the same time
AT
at the weekend, at weekends
at Christmas, at Easter
at the age of 25, at 25
on Monday
on the following Monday
on Monday morning(s)
on a spring morning
on a cold evening
on that day, on that evening
on the morning of the 6
ON
on weekdays
on 26 June 2007
on Christmas Day
on New Year’s Eve
on my birthday
on the wedding / anniversary day
on vacation, on holiday(s)
BEFORE – до, раньше
AFTER – после, за
FROM … TILL / TO – с … по
BETWEEN – между
BY, UNTIL – к, не позже
чем в
SINCE – с, начиная с
FOR (for an hour, for the time
being) – в течение
DURING (the meeting) – в
течение, во время
WITHIN (a week) – не позднее, в течение
OVER (over the last three
years) – в течение
Следующие фразы
не требуют предлога:
the day before yesterday
the day after tomorrow
last / next / this / every week
th
yesterday / tomorrow evening
this time next week
all day / night long
once / twice a day
two times a week
the other day, every other day
81
in the morning / afternoon / evening
in the early / late morning
in May / in the month of May
in winter / spring / summer / autumn
in 2008
in the 1990s, in one’s fifties
in the 17
in the Middle Ages
IN
in (ancient) times
in those days
in the past
in (the) future, in the near future
in a few minutes, in a moment
in two weeks, in no time, in such
a short time (= during)
I. Выберите один из предложенных вариантов ответа:
th
century
at 10 a.m. (sharp)
at 5 minutes past 10 = 10.05
at a quarter past 10 = 10.15
at half past 10 = 10.30
at 20 minutes to 11 = 10.40
at a quarter to 11 = 10.45
after / before 10 o’clock
on time – вовремя, к долж-
ному сроку
in time, in good time – вовремя,
заранее, заблаговременно
at the end of – в конце ч-л.
in the end = at last – в конце
концов
at the beginning of – в начале ч-л.
in the beginning = at first –
сначала
1. The Speaker took the chair (at / in / on) half past two o’clock.
2. The day (in / on / at) which the President of the United States is
inaugurated is the 4
th
of March every leap year.
3. She is a very punctual person. Something very special must have
happened to prevent her from coming (in / at / on) time.
4. The new product line must be launched (until / at / by) 1
st
June.
5. Mr. Frederick is busy (in / at / on) the moment. You can leave
him a message and he will call you back as soon as he is free.
6. He was a star performer at Fairchild, becoming a world-wide
sales manager (in / on / at) the age of 31.
7. I tried to persuade him but (in / at / from) the end I gave up. There
was no use trying to convince him of the advantages of our new
project. He had been against it from the very beginning.
8. 70% of the purchases on account are paid for (at / in / on) the
month of purchase.
9. Jill started a new job a few weeks ago. Before that she was out of
work (during / in / for) three months.
10. She has every intention of completing this project (for / within /
since) a week.
11. Mr. Hutchinson is 63. He’ll be retiring from his job (over / in / at)
two years’ time.
82
12. There is some point in what you say; (at / in / on) the same time
we adhere to our own opinion.
13. The financial group must finish the work (by / until / to) Monday.
There shouldn’t be any delay. It’s very urgent.
14. She felt a certain obligation towards him because of everything he
had done for her (in / on / at) the past.
15. She has been sitting and waiting for the mail to arrive (– / since /
on) all day long.
16. The staffing has been cut by twelve per cent (at / since / over) the
last two years.
17. A notice at the door reads “Opening hours: (since / from / at) 9
a.m. (till / by / at) 5.30 p.m.”
18. In the contract agreed between the union and the employers, over-
time is defined as work (before / after / at) 6 p.m. (at / on / in)
weekdays, and anytime (at / on / in) Saturdays, Sundays, and pub-
lic holidays.
19. This practice of changing the clocks twice (– / in / within) a year
is a real pain. Many of us take the best part of a week to recover,
especially (during / in / until) the spring when we “lose an hour”.
20. The federal budget deficit began heading upward again (at / in /
on) 1992 due to a slow recovery of economy (before / after /
since) recession (at / in / on) 1991.
Предлоги места
at the bus stop / traffic lights / crossroads
at school / university / work
at the party / meeting / concert / match
at the station / airport
at home / smb’s place
at the doctor’s / chemist’s / baker’s
at the supermarket
at reception
AT
at the door, at the window, at the table
at the beginning / end of the street
at the top / bottom (head / foot)
at the side – сбоку
at 4 Fleet Street
at the distance of
ABOVE (above zero, above the
average, see above / below) –
над, выше (в пространстве; по
количеству, размеру)
OVER (over the sea, all over
the world, to be over smb) –
над, выше (движение или нахо-
ждение над чем-л. или поперёк
чего-л.)
BELOW (below zero, below
the average) – ниже, под
UNDER (under the table, to be
under smb) – под, ниже
BY (by the window, close by,
to sit by smb) – у, около, возле
83
on the table, on the wall, on the floor
on a map, on the notice board
on a page, on the menu, on a list
on the chair
on the beach / coast / bank
on the island, on a river
on a road
on the way (home, to work)
ON
on the border with / between
on a farm
on the left / right
a look on the face
on the side – на стороне
on smb. – с собой, при себе
in the office, in the building
in the box
in the town / city / country
in Minsk
in the North / East
in the garden, in a field
in the mountains
in the sun / rain / shade / dark / sky
in the pool / river / sea
in the hand / mouth
in a newspaper / magazine / cata-
IN
logue
in an armchair
in a line / row / queue
in a street / avenue / square
in a picture / photograph
in the shop window
in hospital, in prison
in the middle / center
in the distance
in Fleet Street 4
NEAR (near the station) – возле
BESIDE (beside smb, beside
oneself) – рядом с; за преде-
лами
OPPOSITE (opposite each
other) – напротив
IN FRONT OF (in front of the
house) – перед
BEHIND (behind the building) –
за, позади
WITHIN (within the city) –
в рамках, внутри
INSIDE (inside the office) –
внутри
OUTSIDE (outside the door) –
вне, за пределами
BETWEEN (between you and
me) – между (двумя предме-
тами)
AMONG (among one’s colleagues) – между, среди (трёх
и больше)
AROUND (around the table,
around the world) – вокруг
in the corner of the room
at / on the corner of the street
on the corner of the table
in the front / back of a car
at the front / back of a building
/ group of people
on the front / back of a paper
in / at the market – на рынке
on the market – в продаже
in the marketplace
84
I. Выберите один из предложенных вариантов ответа:
1. The USA is one of the largest industrial nations (at / in / on) the
world.
2. I wasn’t sure whether I had come to the right office. There was no
name (in / on / at) the door.
3. The headquarters of the company is (at / in / on) Madrid.
4. Good communication (at / in / on) work helps any organization to
function efficiently and to achieve its objectives.
5. More than two thousand years ago the Romans founded a small
settlement (at / on / in) the River Thames. They called it Londinium.
6. If you stay (at / in / on) a hotel you can take a single room, a dou-
ble room or a suite, charges varying accordingly.
7. Businessmen sometimes have to renegotiate the price stipulated
(at / in / on) the contract.
8. Our company values hard work (behind / above / over) good ideas.
9. Need without purchasing power will not create effective demand
(in / on / at) the marketplace.
10. We were driving along Harbour Street when the car (before / op-
posite / in front of) us stopped suddenly and we crashed into it.
11. Miss Brown, our Managing Director, has 3 assistants (below /
under / over) her.
12. I had a secretary close (near / beside / by) me, dotting down my
conversation.
13. At present our employees have plenty of work to be done (outside
/ inside / behind) working hours.
14. A cut-price shop offers goods at prices (below / under / over) the
standard price.
15. The Republic of Belarus is one of the most economically ad-
vanced regions (between / among / within) the CIS countries.
16. Some of us reached their arms (above / under / over) the table to
take a new issue of “Times”.
17. My office is (at / in / on
) the first floor. It’s (to / on / in) the left as
you come out of the lift.
85
18. Write your name and address (at / on / in) the left-hand corner and
put your signature (at / on / in) the bottom of the page.
19. The major condition for open frontiers (at / within / around)
Schengen is effective controls (in / on / at) the external borders.
20. Belarus is located (in / on / at) the centre of Europe, (near / inside /
at) the crossroads of trade (among / between / in) East and West,
North and South.
Предлоги направления движения
to work
from work
home, to my home
for a walk, for a swim, for a run
GO
COME
GET
RETURN
ARRIVE
LEAVE
by train, by car, но: on a train, in a car
on the (large) boat, in the (small) boat, on board a boat
on a trip, on a tour, on a cruise
on holiday, on vacation, on business
to smwh. for a holiday, for our holidays to smwh.
to smb’s place, to a decision
from London – приехать из Лондона, быть родом из
Лондона
home, to my home
back to / from some place, back home
in / into the room
to the station, home, to my home
there, back
on / onto – off a bus, a horse, a bicycle
into – out of a car, a taxi, the house
to Minsk from Moscow
home, to their parents’ home
back
in a city, in a country
at the station, at the office
home, at my home
Moscow – уезжать из Москвы
for Minsk – уезжать в Минск
home, my home
86
DEPART
ENTER
REACH,
APPROACH
TURN
MOVE
UP the street, DOWN the street – вверх по улице, вниз по улице
ALONG the road – вдоль
ACROSS the road – через
THROUGH / THROUGHOUT the forest – через
TO / TOWARD(S) the building – по направлению к
INTO the room – внутрь
FROM the table – с поверхности
OUT OF the bag – изнутри
AWAY FROM the place – прочь, от
FROM BEHIND the trees – из-за
I. Выберите один из предложенных вариантов ответа:
from London – уезжать из Лондона
for London – уезжать в Лондон
the room, the university
into (negotiations, a contract) – вступать, входить
the town
left / right at the traffic lights, to the left / right
round the corner
from somewhere
to some place
1. I dislike this job because I am often (in / on / for) a business trip
and must live out of my suitcase.
2. She entered (to / at / –) the Belarusian State University last year.
3. The government collects money (at / from / to) citizens through
taxes.
4. They rolled out the red carpet when the President of France came
(on / for / to) a visit.
5. The e-mail sent on Monday didn’t reach (to / at / –) them. There’s
something wrong with their server.
6. We entered (– / into / to) a contract with LG company.
7. Yesterday U.S. Secretary of State arrived (at / in / to) the northern
Iraqi city of Mosul.
87
8. Mr. Sheldon got (into / off / out of) the car and I strolled up to
meet him.
9. In 1999 he moved (from / to / out of) IBM, where he held the po-
sition of Joint-Managing Director until 2007.
10. I could see nothing (through / out / across) the window.
11. It will take a number of years for the two sides to come (in / at /
to) an agreement.
12. They hope to get (out of / off / from) their debts by the end of the
current year.
13. Now our company is organizing an authorized dealership network
all over the country, primarily oriented (for / into / towards) re-
gional sales.
14. She was homesick at first but then she got used to living (from
behind / away from / from) home.
15. Trade credit is credit extended (out of / from / off) one business
firm (into / to / on) another.
16. The system will allow people to send information safely (across /
towards / into) the Internet without it being intercepted.
17. Mrs. Woods got (out of / from / off) the bus and walked (through /
along / away from) the street (into / for / towards) the post office.
18. We wanted to go away (for / on / to) a holiday but because of the
move to a new building and the expansion we are too busy to go
(to / – / for) anywhere.
19. When I arrived (at / in / to) the airport I went directly (for / to / in)
the hotel (in / on / by) taxi. When I came (at / to / towards) the ho-
tel room I started to take my clothes (out of / from / outside) my
suitcase.
20. Tomorrow my deputy is leaving (to / for / in) Italy to participate
in the international conference on Trade and Development. He is
leaving (by / on / in) the 9 o’clock train. The train departs (
from /
at / for) platform 2.
88
II. Подберите соответствующий предлог места или
направления к каждой картинке:
in / inside, between, down, on top of, over, above, next to / by / beside,
in front of, past, up, among, from … to, through, under, below, behind, round / around, along, opposite, at, near, to / towards / in the
direction of, outside, on, against, onto, out of, across, into
89
Предлоги образа действия
at … km per / an hour, at full
speed
at a discount
at a glance / glimpse
at a guess
at a loss
at a price of, at cost
at a profit
AT
at a short date
at all costs, at any rate
at breakfast / lunch
at fault
at first, at first hand, at first sight
at hand
at heart
at last, at (the) latest
at least, in the least
at most
at no charge / cost
at one’s request
at par value, at face value
at peace / war
at random, at a venture
at short notice
at the disposal of
at the expense of, at smb’s expense
at the prospect
at the rate of
at the temperature, at … degrees C
90
BY
by / from all accounts
by / on default
by a majority
by all means, by means of
by and large
by appointment
by attorney
by authority
by birth / nature
by chance, by accident
by cheque, by credit card
by correspondence / post / return mail
by far
by force
by hand
by heart, from memory
by invitation
by law
by marriage
by mistake / error
by mutual agreement / consent
by name
by negotiations
by phone
by profession
by request
by sight
by surprise
by the terms
by the way
by trial and error
by wholesale
little by little
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