Добавил:
ivanov666
Опубликованный материал нарушает ваши авторские права? Сообщите нам.
Вуз:
Предмет:
Файл:Грамматика английского языка. Учебно-методическое пособие для студентов высших учебных заведений экономического профиля
.pdf
9 every может сочетаться со словами not, almost, nearly, prac-
щ
tically, without exception: Not every applicant has relevant
work experience. Every student without exception must take the
English exam.
9 every употребляется с количественным числительным в со-
четании с существительным во множественном числе: A na-
tional census is taken every ten years.
ANOTHER
+ сущ. в ед.ч.
какой-то,
е
THE OTHER
+ сущ. в ед.ч.
другой из двух
е один
ДРУГОЙ
OTHER
+ сущ. в мн.ч.
какие-то другие
THE OTHER
+сущ. в мн.ч.
остальные
OTHERS
(нет сущ-го)
какие-то другие
THE OTHERS
(нет сущ-го)
остальные
– She went to the coffee-machine and returned with another cup of
coffee.
– Give me another 20 minutes (ещё).
– My friends often see one another.
– My opponents were at the other side of the table.
– Why are you sitting here alone? Where are the other students (=
the others)?
41
– Some people like winter; other people (= others) prefer summer.
– Mr. Thimble and Mr. Leon have known each other for many
years.
Относительные местоимения
who
whom
whose
what
which
that
относится к одушевлённому
существительному
(который, кто)
относится к одушевлённому
существительному
(которого, которому, с ко-
торым)
относится к одушевлённому
или неодушевлённому суще-
ствительному
(чей, которого)
не зависит от существитель-
ного (то, что)
относится к неодушевлённо-
му существительному
(который)
относится ко всему предшест-
вующему предложению (что)
после прилагательного в пре-
восходной степени
после порядкового числи-
тельного
после местоимений all,
every(thing), some(thing),
any(thing), no(thing), none,
little, few, much, only
после слов, обозначающих
отрезок времени
The gentleman who / that is
giving a speech is our CEO.
The person (whom / who /
that)* you are looking for is
not here.
This is the man to whom I
spoke at yesterday’s meeting.
You are the only person
whose opinion I value.
It’s a Scottish company whose
logo features a thistle.
This is not what I want.
I don’t like what you say.
I’d like to clear off the work
which / that was waiting for
me after my holiday.
This conclusion can be drawn
from the facts (which / that)
we have collected.
I said nothing, which made
him furious.
This is the best answer (that)
I’ve ever heard.
This is the first time (that) I
help you.
I’ve typed all the letters (that)
you gave me.
The day (that / on which /
when) we concluded the deal
was Thursday.
It is tomorrow that we have to
hand in the assignment.
42
Примечание:
* Относительное местоимение that, which, whom и who может
опускаться, если оно не является подлежащим в придаточном
предложении.
I. Заполните пропуски подходящими по смыслу личными, притяжательными или возвратными местоимениями:
1. My boss congratulated … heartily on … promotion.
2. Just between you and …, I think Mr. Wilson is going to lose … job.
3. We need employees who are willing to exercise … own initiative.
4. Goods get into the hands of those who really want … .
5. It was rather useful to exchange views; for us to hear theirs and
for … to hear … .
6. Scarcity is the imbalance between … desires and the means of
satisfying … .
7. Will you give … best regards to Mr. Bradley and tell … I hope to
see … next month?
8. Microeconomics studies the economy from the perspective of …
individual participants.
9. Mr. Lewis has only … to blame for the mistake he made.
10. Doctors advise us that we should exercise regularly in order to
keep … healthy.
11. Good morning, Mr. Shelley. Is that … you are looking for?
12. Don’t be so nosy! It’s none of … business.
13. Ms Veil doesn’t want any advisors. She thinks she can solve the
problem … .
14. At the present time fewer people can afford … to travel abroad
for … holidays.
15. He considers … to be in command of the situation.
II. Заполните пропуски местоимениями some / any / no
или их производными:
1. … analysts are saying that the crisis will continue for … time.
2. … theory is a simplification of actual relationships.
43
3. There was hardly … in the office when I arrived.
4. I am enclosing … information about our new range of products.
5. The speech occupied … five hours in delivery.
6. Do you have … else to ask me while I’m here?
7. We advise you that … items were supplied in increased quanti-
ties.
8. I have absolutely … idea what he wants.
9. Unfortunately, we haven’t got … components in stock.
10. … manager will tell you that good organization is important.
11. … has ever had any trouble with this equipment.
12. When scarcity exists we must sacrifice … of value to obtain any
scarce goods or services.
13. “Where can I find a good job with plenty of money and no work?”
“… .”
14. I think there is … point in wasting … more time on this issue.
15. … has … against your suggestion.
III. Заполните пропуски местоимениями many / much /
a lot of / little / few / a little / a few:
1. His work is well-paid but doesn’t give him … satisfaction.
2. We stock … spare parts in the warehouse.
3. His deputy has very … initiative and always waits to be told what
to do.
4. There are only … companies operating in our market niche.
5. … decisions are made without … thought.
6. He worked hard but achieved … .
7. Miss Maple’s work leaves … room for improvement.
8. The salary is negotiable, so how … do you think I should ask for?
9. I’ve got … minutes to spare so we can continue our talk.
10. The size of the deficit was … surprising.
11. … social problems are caused by unemployment.
12. As she has very … colleagues she works mostly on her own.
13. I’ve had very … success with my job applications.
14. You’ll have to work at this project as … as possible.
15. Only … people knew it was our boss’s anniversary.
44
IV. Заполните пропуски местоимениями both / either /
neither / none:
1. Our main need is … food nor money. It’s education.
2. He’s studying … economics and management at the University.
3. They put forward various proposals but … of them was accepted.
4. “Which of these samples would you prefer?” “… will do.”
5. It is regrettable that … of the two candidates really impressed the
Personnel Manager.
6. … of the workers want to go on strike, but they are no longer pre-
pared to risk their lives at work.
7. Miss Barrows received two job offers; … of which she accepted.
8. Come on Tuesday or on Thursday. … day is OK.
9. They arrived at the solution that was to the mutual satisfaction of
… sides.
10. The company paid … of its invoices.
11. I phoned Mr Sallivan twice, but … times he was out.
12. We tried a lot of hotels, but … of them had any vacant rooms.
13. I was summoned to attend two seminars last week, but I couldn’t
go to … of them.
14. We cancelled the presentation because … of the people we in-
vited were able to come.
15. “Do you want tea or coffee?” “… . I really don’t mind.” “Would
you like milk or sugar or …?”
V. Заполните пропуски местоимениями each / every /
everything / everybody / all / whole:
1. The Belarusian State Economic University is provided with …
modern facilities.
2. … time we make a choice we forgo an opportunity.
3. … that he said was not to worry.
4. I accept … that was said in the meeting.
5. The members of the conference were … given copies of the regu-
lations.
6. They spent the … day packing for their business trip.
45
7. … of the senior directors will give a short presentation.
8. The accountant keeps a record of … financial transaction.
9. Check the delivery note and see that you’ve got … .
10. The radio station agreed to broadcast the Minister’s speech to the
… of Europe.
11. … item of the agenda needs to be carefully discussed.
12. As soon as … arrived, the chairman began the meeting.
13. … one of the participants has already given me their replies.
14. The productive potential for an economy can’t be used to do …
for … .
15. … offer must be submitted together with … the supporting docu-
mentation.
VI. Заполните пропуски местоимениями another / other /
others / the other / the others:
1. … large item of expenditure in this country is education.
2. Mr. Danny and Mr. Fee welcomed each … heartily.
3. Some of my assistants were preparing the report, while … were
dealing with the mail.
4. The bank manager has agreed to lend me … $2,000.
5. We have considered some … locations and none is really suitable.
6. There has been … directive from the head office about absentee-
ism.
7. Nissan, Toyota and … Japanese car manufacturers may be forced
to lower their prices.
8. Only six of my colleagues turned up at the farewell party. All …
guests had to go somewhere else.
9. Some people are lazy, … are energetic. Most people are a mixture
of both.
10. In … four years Bob will have qualified as an accountant.
11. How will the company finance its expansion in … markets?
12. He is not fit to command … who cannot command himself.
13. Have you got any … samples, or are these the only ones?
14. Graham has the flexibility needed to move from one department
to … .
15. Some customers complained about the delay, while … were more
tolerant.
46
VII. Выберите один из вариантов ответа:
1. Few of the people (who / which) applied for the job had the ne-
cessary qualifications.
2. The company for (which / that) he works has become insolvent as
a result of a slump in market prices.
3. (Which / What) worries me is how our company is going to pay its
debts.
4. The secretary asked to (whom / who) the letter should be ad-
dressed.
5. Our partners ignored their obligations, (which / what) was
thoughtless of them.
6. The documents (what / that) I left on the table seem to have dis-
appeared.
7. I will never forget the day on (which / that) the bank collapsed.
8. I don’t really approve of (which / what) he is proposing.
9. Jane was the only person (whom / whose) advice I asked for.
10. My colleague asked me a question to (which / what) I had no re-
ply.
11. I phoned all his peers, none of (whom / which) could tell me
where he was.
12. It was an awful experience. It was the worst thing (which / that)
has ever happened to me.
13. The strike at the car factory, (which / what) lasted ten days, is
now over.
14. We tried to find out (who / whom) was responsible for the da-
mage.
15. A business meeting isn’t the place at (which / what) to talk about
one’s private life.
VIII. Выберите правильный вариант ответа:
1. I’m sorry, but the personnel manager is busy. Would you mind
waiting for (him / his)?
2. Could you help me to sort out these letters? I cannot tell which are
(your / yours) and which are (our / ours).
47
3. I (felt / felt myself) quite nervous at the beginning of the presenta-
tion, but after (a few / few) minutes I (relaxed / relaxed myself).
4. Your two colleagues introduced (themselves / each other) to me
yesterday. First I met Mr. Black, and then I met Mr. Smith.
5. We talk to (each other / one another) in Spanish as it’s the only
language we both know.
6. We think that (many / much) of the candidates have not really
read the job requirements.
7. Not (a lot / many) people voted for him; he is not popular.
8. There are (few / little) companies functioning in our market niche
and even (fewer / less) (whom / which) we consider our real rivals.
9. He had only (a few / few) problems in his exam even though he
had done only (little / a little) work for it.
10. I can’t see (no / any) solution to the problem, I’m afraid.
11. The office is empty. There’s (nobody / anybody) here except me.
12. (No one / Someone) likes to bear the responsibility for crucial de-
cisions.
13. No one likes to discover hidden costs, (does he / do they)?
14. Everyone (has / have) to meet in the lobby at nine o’clock to col-
lect (his / their) conference registration forms.
15. I see that (all / everybody) has a copy of the agenda, so let’s begin
the meeting.
16. Will you cancel (all / whole) my engagements for the rest of the
week, please?
17. You’d better read through the (all / whole) contract before sig-
ning it.
18. In view of (all / everything) this, we must delay a final decision.
19. The flight and hotel are booked. (All / Everything) is organised.
20. I think this information covers (all / everything) on the point.
Shall we move on?
21. The figures in this spreadsheet don’t correspond to the ones on
the invoices. We have to check (everyone / every one).
22. We have considered (all / whole) the options and (none / neither)
is really suitable.
23. We sent sales letters to all our customers, but (neither / none) re-
plied!
24. (Each / Every) candidate will be interviewed individually.
48
25. The key account managers (each / every) have their own list of
clients.
26. (Each / Every) manager and (all / whole) their deputies will be
invited to submit suggestions for the new product line.
27. We have to pay our telephone bill (each / every) three months.
28. (Each / Every) of the candidates was given a questionnaire before
the interview.
29. (Each our customers / Our customers each) have a separate file
on the database.
30. We’re not close to our destination yet – we have (another / other)
six miles to go.
IX. Заполните каждый из пропусков подходящим по
смыслу местоимением:
Dear Mr. Andrews,
I am sending (1) … letter by registered mail as (2) … of (3) … previous correspondence has received a reply.
You will recall from (4) … agreement of January 3 (5) … year that
(6) … delay in the delivery of essential components would be subject
to a penalty clause. So far we have received (7) … word from (8) …
plant manager that the components we ordered (9) … three weeks ago
have been sent.
I would be grateful if (10) … would take (11) … the necessary steps
to ensure that (12) … components are received without (13) … further delay, otherwise we will have no (14) … option but to enforce
the penalty clause in the contract.
(15) … sincerely,
Mr. Carpenter
Manager
X. Дополните предложения, используя выделенные слова:
1. There isn’t anything I can do to help.
is There … do to help.
2. No documents were inside this parcel.
any There … inside this parcel.
49
3. This idea won’t work, and the other one also won’t work.
neither … will work.
4. Not one of my colleagues speaks Italian.
none … can speak Italian.
5. We only have a week left till the end of the holidays.
all … till the end of the holidays.
6. Not all the audience understood his talk.
some Only … understood his talk.
7. All the participants were sent the agenda.
every … sent the agenda.
8. No one knows the answer to my question.
anyone There … the answer to my question.
9. These two items are too expensive.
both … too expensive.
10. Not a single person asked a question.
nobody … at all … .
XI. Прочитайте следующие пословицы, затем переведите на английский язык местоимения в скобках. Обсудите пословицы в парах:
1. Everybody’s business is (ничей) business.
2. Good clothes open (все) doors.
3. Believe (ни) all that you see (ни) half what you hear.
4. One law for the rich, and (другой) for the poor.
5. Never take (ничего) for granted.
6. (Каждая) country has (свои) customs.
7. Practice is the best of (все) instructions.
8. He that is ill to (сам себе) will be good to nobody.
9. One man’s word is no man’s word; we should hear (обе) sides.
10. Wealth is (ничто) without health.
50
Соседние файлы в предмете [НЕСОРТИРОВАННОЕ]