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Файл:Грамматика английского языка. Учебно-методическое пособие для студентов высших учебных заведений экономического профиля
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27. Our chairman is too old for the job. Some of the directors … pres-
sure on him to resign.
a. puts c. is putting
b. had put d. have put
28. We … the sales team’s motivation unless we … them more money.
a. do not improve; do not pay
b. will not improve; pay
c. would not improve; did not pay
d. will not improve; will pay
29. I’m sure that the suppliers … the order by the end of month.
a. will execute c. will have executed
b. had executed d. have executed
30. When I entered the room the contract … by the legal adviser.
a. was being checked c. was checking
b. is checked d. had checked
31. Marketable securities … by investment of cash surpluses in interest-
earning instruments.
a. represented c. are represented
b. have represented d. are being represented
32. In the last 100 years, many people in the USA … about break-
down of domestic competition and control of basic industries by a
few large corporations.
a. have concerned c. were concerning
b. were concerned d. have been concerned
33. We got to know that economics … the science that … with pro-
duction, distribution and consumption of commodities.
a. is; deals c. is; dealt
b. was; dealt d. was; had dealt
34. The Bank of England argued last year that the link between house
prices and consumer spending … down in Britain.
a. had broken c. will break
b. broke d. breaks
35. Could you start the deliveries two months after we … the agree-
ment?
a. sign c. would sign
b. signed d. would sign
231
36. The court told the firm … $750,000 in compensation.
a. pay c. paying
b. to pay d. paid
37. Some manufacturers thought that direct contacts with consumers
without wholesalers and other intermediaries … their output
cheaper and more competitive.
a. will make c. would make
b. have made d. were making
38. If you … $10,000 from your bank, what … the interest rate …
approximately?
a. borrowed; would; be c. will borrow; is; –
b. borrowed; would; have been d. will borrow; will; be
39. It was desirable that the product … launched at least in May.
a. was c. would be
b. had been d. should be
40. We wished the new marketing policy of our company … to be
more effective than the previous one, but unfortunately it went
wrong as well.
a. proved c. would prove
b. had proved d. has proved
41. It’s a difficult problem. I never know … … in situations … this.
a. which; do; as c. that; doing; like
b. what; to do; like d. which; to be done; as
42. It is not for you … terms.
a. making c. to make
b. make d. to making
43. Some countries try … self-sufficient in certain commodities so
that they are not dependent on imports.
a. be c. to be
b. being d. having been
44. When …, please quote the catalogue number.
a. to order c. ordered
b. order d. ordering
45. Innovative firms often make the mistake of … on marketing.
a. not concentrating enough c. not to concentrate enough
b. not enough concentrating d. to not enough concentrate
232
46. Although …, it was preferred that the staffers should not smoke
inside.
a. allowing c. having allowed
b. being allowing d. allowed
47. In order … and …, many companies want low inflation, low in-
terest rates, tax cuts, economic and political stability, so that they
can … more of their profit.
a. to expand; thrive; keep
b. to expand; to thrive; to keep
c. to expanding; thriving; be kept
d. for expanding; thriving; to be kept
48. As we are still without your bank guarantee, we … suspend the
shipment of the above spare parts.
a. must c. can
b. have to d. should
49. Most companies are happy if they … break even in their first year
of business.
a. are to c. might
b. are allowed to d. can
50. You … enter a joint venture unless both parties benefit from the
deal.
a. don’t have c. needn’t
b. may not d. shouldn’t
ТЕСТ 4
1. Three-fifths of her salary … invested in … .
a. was; security c. was; securities
b. were; security d. were; securities
2. The … visit is soon expected in our country.
a. Minister for Foreign Affairs’
b. Minister’s for Foreign Affairs
c. Minister’s for Foreign Affairs’
d. Minister for Foreign Affair’s
233
3. The unions criticized the … … policy.
a. government’s; economic c. government’s; economical
b. government; economic d. government; economical
4. If a company does not make … profit or … loss, it breaks even.
a. –; – c. a; a
b. the; the d. the; –
5. … money businesses borrow from the bank is called … loan, and
on this loan they have to pay … interest.
a. –; a; an c. A; –; the
b. The; a; – d. The; the; an
6. … conclusions that are consistently supported by … evidence are
called … economic laws or economic principles.
a. The; an; the c. The; –; the
b. –; an; – d. –; –; –
7. Dollars purchase … … year.
a. less; each c. more; either
b. fewer; every d. a little; any
8. The marketing manager is responsible for … activities in the mar-
keting department.
a. the whole c. every
b. all the d. other
9. The casino owners have the right to refuse admission to … under
eighteen years of age.
a. any c. anyone
b. no one d. someone
10. Market share is the percentage of a total market, in terms of …
value … volume, accounted for by the sales of a specific brand.
a. either; or c. not only; and
b. neither; nor d. as; as
11. I’m afraid the scheme is not … .
a. commercial viable c. commercially viably
b. commercial viably d. commercially viable
12. To compete successfully wholesalers should provide much …
delivery of goods from their stocks … to consumers.
a. quicker; directly c. quick; direct
b. more quickly; direct d. more quicker; directly
234
13. My present job is OK … a temporary job but I wouldn’t like to do
it permanently.
a. like c. so
b. such d. as
14. The county council precepts … the county taxes.
a. 72 per cent c. 72 of per cents
b. 72 per cent of d. 72 per cents of
15. … people dropped in to buy a copy at the presentation, with some
lining up as early as 9 p.m.
a. Hundreds of c. Hundreds
b. Hundred d. Hundred of
16. She has held two jobs … she graduated from the university.
a. after c. when
b. before d. since
17. … the increased cost, the city’s plan to enlarge the underground
train service has had to be postponed until next year.
a. In spite c. Because of
b. Although d. For
18. We’ll be able to supply you with the required goods … you pay in
advance.
a. supposing c. in case
b. unless d. as long as
19. I have sent them several reminders but I haven’t received a reply
… my letters.
a. to c. for
b. on d. under
20. Jill started a new job a few weeks ago. Before that she had been
out of work … three months.
a. during c. by
b. in d. for
21. Please, contact … us again if any similar situation arises.
a. to c. with
b. – d. on
22. Mr. Collins has gone on a business trip. He’ll be away … Monday.
a. by c. until
b. since d. to
235
23. The reason … the weakness in the units you complained … was
due to a faulty manufacturing process in production.
a. of; of c. on; on
b. for; about d. about; for
24. At the moment I … an office manager in an emerging company.
a. am being c. have been
b. am d. was
25. The personnel department … out a job analysis, … is an accurate
study of the elements and characteristics of each job.
a. carry; It c. carries; which
b. is carrying; what d. carried; that
26. Mr. White, our sales manager, … for our firm for 12 years.
a. has worked c. had been working
b. works d. is working
27. The delivery man … the documents on the table and … the office.
a. has put; left c. was putting; was leaving
b. puts; leave d. put; left
28. After … negotiations, we finally … an agreement.
a. five hours’; reached c. five-hours’; reach
b. five hours; have reached d. five-hour; had reached
29. The government … able to reduce taxes if public expenditure …
to rise.
a. will not be; will continue c. is not; is continuing
b. is not; will continue d. will not be; continues
30. As a letter of credit … by the buyers, the goods could not … .
a. is not opened; ship
b. has not been opened; be ship
c. had not been opened; be shipped
d. was not opened; to be shipped
31. The company’s workforce … gradually … .
a. is; being reduced c. are; reducing
b. –; reduces d. have; reduced
32. Prices … by the forces of demand and supply.
a. determine c. are determining
b. are determined d. are being determined
236
33. It’s known that a shortage … in a market if the quantity demanded
… the quantity supplied over a given period.
a. exists; exceeds c. would exist; exceeded
b. existed; exceeded d. exists; will exceed
34. Our business partners said they never … … interesting sights.
a. have seen; so c. had seen; such
b. saw; such d. see; so
35. They announced that the new shopping center constructed in that
region … goods available to consumers.
a. will make c. makes
b. made d. would make
36. She asked whether … our company … investment advice.
a. did; provide c. had; provided
b. –; provided d. –; provides
37. Economic stability … if supply and demand … in approximate
balance.
a. will reach; are c. would reach; had reached
b. would be reached; were d. will be reached; were
38. I … for another job now if I … a promotion last month.
a. won’t look; got c. wouldn’t have looked; had got
b. wouldn’t look; got d. wouldn’t look; had got
39. It’s important that workers … support and encouragement while
they are performing their everyday functions.
a. were given c. should be given
b. would be given d. are being given
40. The government wishes the investment … large enough to ensure
economic growth.
a. was c. would
b. were d. is
41. We’ll need a … cost analysis before … final approval.
a. detailed; giving c. detailing; given
b. detailing; giving d. detailed; given
42. Wholesalers are supposed … commodities to retailers but actually
they sometimes sell directly to consumers.
a. selling c. to have sold
b. to sell d. to selling
237
43. Do they have enough working capital … …?
a. keeping; trading c. to keep; to trade
b. keeping; to trade d. to keep; trading
44. Goods is the general word … for things … are made … .
a. using; whose; sell c. used; that; to be sold
b. used; what; to sell d. using; which; for selling
45. The decrease in production costs leads to the increase in the total
profit … .
a. to obtain c. to be obtaining
b. obtaining d. obtained
46. The marketing mix consists … the right product, … it at the right
price, … the right kind of promotion and … it available in the
right place.
a. of choosing; selling; using; making
b. to choose; to sell; to use; to make
c. of being chosen; being sold; being used; being made
d. to be chosen; sold, used, made
47. If your equipment meets our requirements, we … to place a large
order with your company.
a. can c. will be able
b. may d. have
48. One commentator said that interest rate rise … come next month.
a. will c. had to
b. is to d. might
49. The government … take steps to halt the inflation spiral.
a. must c. have to
b. needn’t d. ought
50. Before we … decide about developing new products, we … to
know how profitable the existing products are.
a. will be able to; have c. may; must
b. can; need d. are; are
238
Диагностический тест
ОТВЕТЫ
1. left
2. applied
3. for
4. accounts
5. was given
6. as
7. a
8. weekly
9. were
11. gave
12. sent
13. hard
14. looked
15. good
16. a
17. was promoted
18. in
19. –
20. other
21. him
22. however
23. thirty
24. a
25. to work
26. resigned
27. from
28. bigger
29. months
30. to find
31. a lot of
32. excited
33. the
34. –
35. travelling
36. time
37. the
38. living
39. any
40. his
41. either
42. was dismissed
43. more difficult
44. unemployed
45. for
46. to sell
47. out of
48. bad
49. in
50. had to
51. job
52. lots
53. working
54. the
55. over
56. later
57. a second
58. Last
59. at
60. being
1. Имя существительное
I.
chiefs agendas processes workmen boy-messengers
vehicles companies employees phenomena opportunity costs
issues views individuals deliveries office blocks
analyses months logos people editors-in-chief
branches data methods curricula fellow workers
vetoes mechanisms delays losses account balances
II.
1. is
2. pay
3. are
4. was
5. are
6. isn’t
7. was
8. raise
9. has
10. are
11. are
12. was
13. has
14. are
15. is
16. is
17. was
18. are
19. knows
20. is
239
III.
1. talks
2. teas
3. advice
4. politics
5. media
IV.
1. a
2. d
3. a
4. с
5. b
2. Артикли
I.
1. a
2. a
3. the
4. –
5. –
II.
1. -, the
2. the, the
3. a, an
4. an, the
5. -, the
6. savings
7. customs
8. trouble
9. wines
10. goods
6. a
7. с
8. a
9. d
10. b
6. the
7. a
8. the
9. a
10. a, a
6. a, a
7. the
8. an, the
9. a, the
10. the
11. exports
12. it
13. experience
14. works
15. expense
11. b
12. с
13. a
14. d
15. b
11. the, the
12. the
13. the
14. the
15. the
11. an, a
12. -
13. the, a
14. the
15. a, the, the
16. crisis
17. agenda
18. businesses
19. workmen
20. authority
16. d
17. с
18. a
19. a
20. b
16. the
17. -
18. an
19. -
20. –, the
16. -, the
17. an, a
18. the, the
19. the, the, the
20. -, the, a, -, the, the
III.
1. an, the
2. a, a
3. the, the
4. a, the
5. -, the
240
6. -, -
7. -, the, the
8. the, the, -, -,
the
9. the, the, a
10. the, the, the
11. the, the, an
12. -, -, -, -
13. -, -, -
14. -, the, the,
the, -
15. -, the, the
16. the, -, -, the, -
17. -, -, the
18. -, -, the, -
19. -, -
20. a, the, the, the,
the
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