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Файл:Грамматика английского языка. Учебно-методическое пособие для студентов высших учебных заведений экономического профиля
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28. … the government … company taxes or personal taxes in the last
twelve months?
a. Did; reduce c. Has; reduced
b. Was; reducing d. Had; reduced
29. I’m sure I … the reports out of the filing cabinet and … them in
my brief case.
a. took; put c. had taken; had put
b. have took; have put d. take; put
30. After we … to the Chairman, we were able to come to an agree-
ment.
a. listened c. were listening
b. have listened d. had listened
31. I … the check as soon as the bank … open.
a. am cashing; is c. will cash; will
b. cash; will be d. will cash; is
32. Employees … by such things as knowledge of the job, initiative
and sense of responsibility.
a. judge c. had judged
b. are judged d. are judging
33. Since joining the company he … never … .
a. has; been promoted c. –; promoted
b. was; promoted d. had; been promoted
34. The first ingredient of an economic system … the natural re-
sources from which goods … .
a. are; produce c. are; are being produced
b. is; are producing d. is; are produced
35. The theory of supply shows that an increase in production cost …
output level.
a. reduced c. reduces
b. has reduced d. had reduced
36. The competition between buyers and sellers ensured that the price
… to achieve equilibrium.
a. will adjust c. would adjust
b. adjusts d. had adjusted
37. I wonder if … the stock-in-trade in the warehouse.
a. they have already checked c. they had already checked
b. have they already checked d. had they already checked
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38. We probably … to work if we … our basic needs without working.
a. won’t go; can satisfy c. didn’t go; could have satisfied
b. wouldn’t go; could satisfy d. wouldn’t have gone; could satisfy
39. He behaved as though he … about anything.
a. wasn’t informed c. didn’t inform
b. hadn’t informed d. hadn’t been informed
40. We wish our suppliers … the delivery of the goods. But unfortu-
nately they did.
a. had not postponed c. would not postpone
b. did not postpone d. have not postponed
41. The new clerk was given some advice about … with customers …
do not pay immediately.
a. how deal; that c. having dealt; who
b. dealing; who d. to deal; which
42. A balance sheet is an accounting statement … the firm’s financial
condition in terms of assets, liabilities and net worth.
a. reflecting c. having reflecting
b. reflected d. reflect
43. I like … carefully about things before … a decision.
a. to think; to make c. to think; making
b. thinking; making d. thinking; to make
44. There’s a … awareness of the need … productivity.
a. grown; improving c. growing; to improve
b. having grown; improved d. grow; improve
45. I haven’t decided yet whether … my present job but I must … up
my mind soon.
a. leave; to make c. to leave; make
b. leaving; making d. to leaving; will make
46. On an assembly line workers fit different parts, and supervisors
examine each stage … sure the product meets the … standard.
a. making; requiring c. made; requiring
b. make; required d. to make; required
47. Britain depends for its basic security on the North Atlantic Treaty
Organization and therefore makes a major contribution … its de-
fense posture.
a. to maintain c. in maintaining
b. maintaining d. maintained
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48. We … save quite a bit if we purchase in bulk from this company.
a. can c. should
b. could d. are able to
49. If a joint-stock company goes bankrupt, its owners … to meet the
liabilities with their personal holdings.
a. haven’t c. needn’t
b. mustn’t d. don’t have
50. It’s too late to apply for shares now. You … last week.
a. should have applied c. could apply
b. might have applied d. must apply
ТЕСТ 2
1. When the government designs a new penny, the number of go-
vernment workers that have to approve the design … ten … .
a. is; per cents c. are; per cent
b. is; per cent d. are; per cents
2. Intangibles … such assets … trademarks, patents, goodwill, real
agreements, competitive advantages, etc.
a. is; as c. are; as
b. are; like d. is; like
3. The company reported booming … .
a. sales figures c. sales’ figures
b. sale figures d. sale’s figures
4. I don’t advocate … doing … I’ve done. Everybody should do …
own thing.
a. anybody’s else’s; which; its c. anybody else’s; what; their
b. anybody else; that; his d. anybody’s else; as; theirs
5. What is … current inflation rate?
a. a c. the
b. an d. –
6. He was one of … entrepreneurs of … eighties who made their
money in … property.
a. the; the; – c. the; –; the
b. –; –; – d. –; the; the
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7. We need … approval of … Board of … Directors before we can
launch … new product.
a. the; –; –; the c. an; the; the; the
b. the; the; –; a d. –; a; the; –
8. Are you happy in the job or do you feel it is time for a fresh chal-
lenge in … company?
a. other c. others
b. the other d. another
9. The most important part of the corporate identity, after the name
of the organization …, is the logo.
a. herself c. themselves
b. itself d. himself
10. … time a competitor launches a new product, it is harder for …
company to stay in front.
a. Each; ours c. Everyone; his
b. Every; our d. Any; their
11. The market leader is the company with … brand share in a par-
ticular market.
a. a large c. the largest
b. the larger d. the most large
12. … of the employees were not happy about the introduction of a
… appraisal interview.
a. Somebody; year c. Somebody; yearly
b. Some; yearly d. Some; year
13. Profit is calculated in terms of revenue and costs. … include all
expenses for producing a good.
a. The latter c. The last
b. The later d. The latest
14. Mr. Thomson’s idea seemed to be a good one, so we did … he
suggested.
a. like c. how
b. as d. which
15. … is not only the Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Northern Ireland but the Head of the Commonwealth.
a. Elizabeth Two c. Elizabeth Second
b. The Second Elizabeth d. Elizabeth the Second
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16. His total sales didn’t amount to more than … dollars.
a. a few hundreds c. a few hundred
b. a few hundreds of d. a few hundred of
17. … the lawyer has offered his help without payment, can we co-
opt him onto the committee?
a. Since c. Although
b. Even if d. However
18. Lots of people drive fast … police warnings.
a. despite of c. because of
b. in spite of d. due to
19. … the government invests more money in, the whole machine-
building industry will fail.
a. If c. Unless
b. In case d. As if
20. The assistant had a good excuse … being so late.
a. of c. for
b. on d. about
21. The sales revenue this year have risen … 12 %.
a. on c. by
b. in d. over
22. We had to draw … from the deal at the last moment.
a. down c. in
b. up d. back
23. I think you are on the right track in trying to see them. It’s better
than to carry on the affair … correspondence.
a. by c. under
b. with d. on
24. I am sure you will be completely satisfied … the replacement
units we will be sending you … the next few weeks.
a. of, during c. by,
b. with, in d. on, within
25. How … about your future prospects in the company?
a. are you feeling c. do you feel
b. will you feel d. have you felt
26. In the years since 1991 the country … to tolerate a deficit in re-
cession periods.
a. learnt c. had learnt
b. learn d. has learnt
225
27. They … out their new model on time, so they … their market
share.
a. haven’t brought; have lost c. hadn’t brought; lost
b. didn’t bring; had lost d. didn’t bring; lost
28. For the first two weeks we … in rented accommodation.
a. were living c. had been living
b. had lived d. have lived
29. I only succeeded in solving the problem after I … on it for several
hours.
a. have worked c. had been working
b. was working d. worked
30. When prices … above the equilibrium price, it … in excess sup-
ply of goods.
a. will be; result c. was; resulted
b. are; results d. were; will result
31. We hope business relations between our companies … of mutual
benefit.
a. be c. were
b. will be d. would be
32. Come at 6 o’clock. The director … all the documents by that time.
a. has signed c. will have signed
b. will be signing d. had signed
33. An economy based on free enterprise … generally by private
ownership and initiative.
a. characterizes c. is characterized
b. has characterized d. is being characterizing
34. The meeting … by sales agents from all the regions.
a. attends c. had been attended
b. has attended d. was attended
35. In any deal there may be special conditions … must … before any
money … .
a. that; be satisfied; is paid c. what; be satisfying; will be paid
b. which; satisfy; are paid d. whose; to be satisfied; pays
36. We learnt that efficiency … the relationship between inputs and
outputs of goods and services.
a. was c. were
b. is d. will be
226
37. The producers assured us that they … a two-year guarantee from
the date of delivery.
a. can offer c. could offer
b. could offered d. can offered
38. He said it … the second time the suppliers … the shipment of
goods since we … the contract.
a. is; have delayed; signed c. is; are delaying; have signed
b. was; delayed; had signed d. was; had delayed; signed
39. We … you to become the sole distributor of our product provid-
ing you … all our requirements.
a. will allow; meet c. will allow; will meet
b. would allow; meet d. would have allowed; met
40. The merger … successful if the management styles … so diffe-
rent.
a. could have been; hadn’t been c. can be; will be
b. could be; are not d. can be; were
41. It’s better that the matter … as soon as possible.
a. was settled c. should be settled
b. settled d. would be settled
42. Economists wish the smaller size of population … in the slower
economic growth.
a. doesn’t result c. hadn’t resulted
b. didn’t result d. wouldn’t resulted
43. Although the works manager was under pressure from the direc-
tor, he refused … the working shifts.
a. to change c. changing
b. change d. changed
44. I found the company … through the local trade directory.
a. to look c. by looking
b. having looked d. by look
45. The Board of Directors is responsible … on and … the strategy of
the corporation.
a. decide; control c. to decide; controlling
b. for deciding; to control d. for deciding; controlling
46. Sales forecast is a prediction of future sales of a product … on
previous sales patterns.
a. basing c. to base
b. based d. being based
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47. We risk … everything if we follow his advice. It is not worth … .
a. to lose; being taken c. losing; taking
b. lose; to take d. to losing; take
48. The Seller … notify the Buyer about the readiness of the equip-
ment for inspection.
a. can c. is to
b. may d. has to
49. The part of your income you … to pay to the government is called
income tax.
a. have c. should
b. must d. ought
50. “There’s quite a lot we need to discuss.” “OK. … we set up a
meeting?”
a. May c. Have
b. Can d. Shall
ТЕСТ 3
1. The total amount of money you receive in a year … called your … .
a. is; income c. is; incomes
b. are; income d. are; incomes
2. They acted … in delicate negotiations.
a. like goes-between c. as go-betweens
b. how go-betweens d. what goes-betweens
3. How many … do you get?
a. week holiday c. week’s holiday
4. All … assets are subdivided into … current assets and … fixed
assets.
a. company; the; the c. companies; a; a
b. company’s; –; – d. companies’; the; –
5. One of … main objectives of … business firm is to make … profit.
a. a; a; a c. the; a; a
b. the; the; the d. –; –; –
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6. Ford Motors is … market leader in … UK car industry.
a. the; the c. a;
b. a; the d. –; –
7. We have made … tentative agreement for cooperation in dealing
with … slow payers but we haven’t decided anything for … cer-
tain yet.
a. –; –; – c. the; the; a
b. a; the; the d. a; –; –
8. The allocation of scarce resources among alternative uses is an
important problem for … nations.
a. the whole c. a few
b. all d. a lot
9. Sales increase … time a facing is added, however, as there are
four facings, sales reach saturation point.
a. every c. all
b. each d. another
10. You can’t afford to let … job go by when you’ve been out of
work for … long.
a. no; so c. either; such
b. some; such d. any; so
11. When he was promoted to the head of the department his job be-
came … than ever before.
a. more challenging c. the challenging
b. more challenged d. the most challenged
12. This joint venture delivers its products … on CIF terms.
a. most c. more
b. mostly d. much
13. … we can sign the deal, … we can start production.
a. Quicker; sooner c. The quicker; the sooner
b. The quickest; the soonest d. Quick; soon
14. The book has already netted … pounds.
a. a quarter million c. a quarter of a million
b. a quarter millions d. a quarter of millions
15. … who want the job are unsuitable, so you can count them out.
a. Two man c. The two of men
b. Two of the men d. The two man
229
16. We will have to put the meeting ahead … the holiday next week.
a. so as c. as
b. because of d. despite of
17. They heard the warning on the radio and … took another route.
a. that why c. furthermore
b. although d. therefore
18. … you feel ill, I will dispense you from your duties for the rest of
the week.
a. Since c. Unless
b. In spite of d. Supposing
19. We got stuck in a traffic jam on our way ... the airport.
a. into c. to
b. out of d. for
20. If he wants to be considered … promotion next year he’d better
pull his socks up.
a. for c. to
b. at d. into
21. We really need a new fax machine but … the time being we’ll
have to continue using the old one.
a. during c. for
b. at d. on
22. Extensions are being made to the plant with a view … increasing
the output.
a. of c. over
b. into d. off
23. And once more thank you … pointing … the error.
a. on, – c. for, out
b. at, in d. about, off
24. At the moment she … for an assistant to help her answer e-mails.
a. looks c. is looking
b. was looking d. has looked
25. … public expenditure … or fallen in the last twelve months?
a. Did; rise c. Has; risen
b. Had; risen d. Was; risen
26. In 2008 the government … laws to control the operation of sole
proprietors.
a. introduced c. has introduced
b. introduces d. is introducing
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