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Немецкий язык практическая грамматика. Учебное пособие на немецком языке для студентов первого курса факультета иностранных языков педагогических унив

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der Main – der Rhein ĺ Der Main ist ein Nebenfluss des Rhein(s).
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Der Rhein mündet in die Nordsee. Und die Weser? ĺ Die Weser mündet auch in die Nordsee.
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der Onegasee, die Barentsee ĺ
Der Onegasee ist ein See, die Barentsee ist ein Meer.
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