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2. Study the text and say what word doesn’t suit here:
1. a) study b) enter c) blood d) decide
2. a) physiologist b) scientist c) surgeon d) digestive
3. a) kindness b) really c) generally d) gladly
4. a) taught b) allow c) began d) rose
5. a) hard b) with c) on d) of
6. a) age b) marriage c) recover d) pressure
7. a) never b) wonderful c) popular d) previous
3. Fill in the gaps.
1. Ivan Petrovich Pavlov entered Petersburg University to study …
2. I. Pavlov discovered several new facts about …
3. Pavlov began to lecture on …
4. He studied the work of the … system.
5. He made many experiments on …
6. He was very skilful … and the dogs generally … very quickly.
7. Pavlov made great … to medical science.
8. Pavlov was given a splendid new … at the village of Koltushy.
9. … imagine that you know everything.
4. Choose the proper words from the given ones.
1. When Pavlov was a very little boy he helped his father …
a) at the
chemist’s shop
b) on his farm c) in the
ward
d) at the lecture
2. Many of Pavlov’s ideas were new to the students and he was
very popular…
a) physiolo-
gist
b) lecturer c) surgeon d) compan-
ion.
3. He allowed … to interrupt him and gladly answered their questions.
a) his father
and wife
b) physiologists
c) surgeons d) students
As he loved dogs he … his dogs with great kindness.
a) studied b) helped c) treated d) operated
on
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4.Pavlov studied the work of … .
a) the gramo-
phone
b) his laboratory
c) the digestive system
d) a very skilful surgeon
Pavlov made great contribution to … .
a) medical sci-
ence
b) Petersburg
University
c) experiments on
d) his laboratory
dogs
Never try to hide the defects in your … .
a) breakfast b) operations c) knowledge d) memory
5. Choose the proper prepositions from the given ones.
Pavlov was born … September 14, 1849.
a) on b) in c) at d) since
He helped his father … his farm.
a) in b) on c) at d) of
During his work … the Academy Pavlov discovered several new facts
about blood pressure.
a) on b) in c) to d) at
Pavlov began to lecture … physiology.
a) to b) in c) at d) on
He had to make operations … the dogs.
a) with b) on c) in d) at
He was given a new laboratory … the village.
a) at b) in c) on d) of
He rose … 7 o’clock each morning.
a) at b) in c) on d) within
He died … the age of 86.
a) of b) since c) at d) in
6. Put questions to the words in bold type.
1. I. P. Pavlov was born in 1849.
2. He was a very popular lecturer.
3. Pavlov studied the work of the digestive system.
4. Large sums of money were spent on his laboratory.
5. He worked nine or ten hours a day.
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7. Answer the questions.
1. What University did Pavlov enter to study natural sciences?
2. Did Pavlov decide to become a physiologist himself?
3. When did Pavlov marry and what was his wife to him?
4. What did Pavlov study?
5. What experiments did Pavlov make?
6. Why did dogs show no fear of Pavlov?
7. Did Pavlov always use anaesthetics?
8. What was usual Pavlov’s working day?
8. Discuss with your partner the Pavlov’s statement that «Science
demands of a man his whole life.» Do you agree?
9. Tell how Pavlov addressed the youth of his country.
10. Make up a plan of the text and retell it by using your own plan.
Lesson 7.
1. Dene how these words formed. Translate them.
Microbiology, intracellular, symbiosis, ecosystems, infectology,
pathogenic, morphofunctional, microorganism, microecological,
medicobiological, ecological, monographs, monothematic, antilysozyme, anti-interferon, international, epidemiology, parasitology,
microecology, immunology, chemotherapy.
2. Learn the four forms of irregular verbs.
to choose chose chosen choosing
to fall fell fallen falling
to nd found found nding
to rise rose risen rising
to sit sat sat sitting
PROFESSOR OLEG VALERYEVICH BUKHARIN, MOIF
Tasks:
63
to spell spelt spelt spelling
to win won won winning , -
3. Form Past Participle of the following verbs. Translate them.
Head, develop, elect, use, collect, make, call, bear, appoint.
4. Read and translate the sentences. Pay attention to the word
«as».
1. Over 300 million people speak English as a mother tongue.
2. In the pharmacy I can work as a manager or as a chemist-analyst.
3. In ancient India, the practice of medicine stressed the prevention
as well as the treatment of illness. 3. You must know biology as well
as chemistry. 4. As Pavlov loved animals he treated them with great
kindness. 5. Valerian drugs are kept in boxes and tins as they have
essential oil. 6. Substances may exist in any of three states such as
solids, liquids or gases.
5. Read and translate the sentences.
1. is doctor is an outstanding gure who has always represented
excellence in the eld of microbiology. 2. A man of colossal intellect
and tireless energy, he has an astounding () memory
for every detail of microbiology. 3. A dedicated teacher throughout
his life, as well as successful researcher and administrator, he has
contributed more than any other doctor in the country to the eld
of microbiology. 4. His attention was focused on liver diseases,
particularly cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. 5. With his
exceptional memory and superb concentration, he was able to do
his writing during the night, aer days with a busy and very tight
schedule. 6. His list of publications includes over 370 papers in
Russian. 7. He has received several most distinguished decorations
and medals from the Russian Government.
64
6. Match the words with their denitions.
1. Immunology
2. Biology
3. Ecology
4. Epidemiology
5. Technology
a) is a science of physical life of animals and plants.
b) studies diseases spreading rapidly among many
people in the same place for a time.
c) studies the prevention of disease by building up
resistance to it.
d) is study, mastery and using of manufacturing
methods and industrial arts.
e) is a branch of biology that deals with the habits
of living things, especially their relation to their
environment.
7. Read and learn the following words and word combinations:
MOIF (Member of International Fellowship) –
to graduate from –
()
Master of Medicine –
reader –
to head the department –
to be appointed as Director
branch –
infectology –
deciphering of pathogenic features –
causative agent –
to develop methodical modes –
lysozyme – ()
bacterial persistence –
novel secreted factors –
host defense –
to work out –
to nd an application –
–
to be the holder
–
to be elected as MOIF –
-
to receive recognition –
honours – ,
corresponding member –
-
Editorial Board –
approach –
to reveal –
,
65
8. Read and translate the text.
PROFESSOR OLEG VALERYEVICH BUKHARIN, MOIF
Born in 1937 in Russia, Oleg Valeryevich Bukharin graduated
from the Chelyabinsk Medical Institute in 1960, becoming a Master
of Medicinein 1963, Reader in 1969, Medical Doctor in 1971 and
Professor in the special eld of Microbiology in 1972.
Professor Bukharin worked as an Assistant in the Department
of Microbio-logy at the Chelyabinsk Medical Institute until 1967.
Since 1968 he has headed the Department of Microbiology at the
Orenburg Medical Institute, becoming Rector of the Institute
between 1977–80. In 1996 Professor Bukharin was appointed as
Director of the Institute for Cellular and Intracellular Symbiosis,
the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences. His scientic
interests are focused on infectology, in particular on the deciphering
of pathogenic features in dierent infections under control of
factors of natural resistance from an organism and of persistent
characteristics from a causative agent.
Professor Bukharin has developed methodical modes which are
used clinically for the determination of lysozyme and beta-lysines in
biological liquids and organism tissues, using a morphofunctional
approach in the analysis of a phenomenon as microbial persistence.
Professor Bukharin revealed a key function in peptidoglycane
polymer and called attentionto the original classication of
mechanisms of bacterial persistence. Together with his colleagues,
he discovered and described novel secreted factorsof bacterial
degradation in host defense, namely, anti-lysozyme, anti-interferon
and anti-complement activities of microorganisms. Also the
conceptionof microecological monitoring of natural ecosystems
was worked out. e results of these studies found an application in
medicobiological and ecological practice.
Professor Oleg Bukharin is the author of over 470 published
articles,16 printed monographs, eight monothematic collected
scientic articles and ve popular scientic books. He is also
the holder of 100 Author Certicates and Patents in Russia.
66
His biography was published in the Twenty Fih Edition of the
Dictionary of International Biography and he was elected as MOIF,
1996. During his dedicated and distinguished career Professor
Bukharin has received many honours. In 1979 he received
recognition as Honoured Scientist of the Russian Soviet Federative
Socialist Republic, in 1991 he wasa corresponding member of the
Russian Academy of Natural Sciences, becoming an Academician
in 1995. He has been awarded ve gold and silver medals from the
All-Union Agricultural Exhibition of the USSR, and badges from
the All-Russian Exhibition Center Laureate, 1996; Mechnikov Prize
Laureate in Biology from the Russian Academy of Sciences, 2002;
Order of Russia «Great Servicesto Fatherland of IV Class», 2003;
Government awards: Russian Government Prize Laureate in Science
and Technology, 2004; Honourable Citizen of Orenburg, Chairman,
Academic Councils for awarding doctors’ theses, Orenburg.
O.V. Bukharin is an Honoured Scientist of the Russian Federation,
corresponding member of the Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS),
corresponding member of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences,
member of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Russia and the New
York Academy of Sciences, USA, member of the International
Academyof Ecology and Life Protection Sciences, member of the
Presidium of the Ural Branch, the RAS, and member of the AllRussian Learned Society aerI.I. Mechnikov for Specialists in
Epidemiology, Microbiology and Parasitology, member of the
American Society for Specialists in Microecology, member of the
Editorial Board to e Journal of Microbiology, Epidemiology,
Immunology and to e Journal of Antibiotics and Chemotherapy.
Tasks:
1. Study the text and nd the words with prexes: anti-; micro-;
de-; suxes: -ance(-ence); -er(-or); -ion; -ar. Translate them into
Russian.
67
2. Find which word does not suit here:
1. a) from b) in c) for d) and
2. a) assitant b) infectology c) reader d) professor
3. a) reveal b) defense c) mechanism d) result
4. a) honourable b) governing c) original d) novel
5. a) Chairman b) anti-lysozyme c) international d) degradation
6. a) analysis b) factors c) monitoring d) application
7. a) become b) develop c) nd d) be
3. Make up as many special questions as possible.
1. Oleg Valeryevich Bukharin graduated from the Chelyabinsk
Medical Institute in 1960.
2. Professor Bukharin has received many honours.
4. Find in the text above the sentences in Perfect Active and
Passive. Translate them into Russian.
5. Read and translate the sentences. Dene the function of Past
Participle and tense-forms in them.
1. Born in 1937 in Russia, Oleg Valeryevich Bukharin graduated
from the Chelyabinsk Medical Institute in 1960.
2. His scientic interests are focused on infectology.
3. Professor Oleg Bukharin is the author of over 470 published
articles, 16 printed monographs, eight monothematic collected
scientic articles and ve popular scientic books.
4. He has been awarded ve gold and silver medals from the All-
Union Agricultural Exhibition of the USSR.
5. During his dedicated and distinguished career Professor Bukharin
has received many honours.
6. In 1996 Professor Bukharin was appointed as Director of the
Institute for Cellular and Intracellular Symbiosis, the Ural Branch
of the Russian Academy of Sciences.
68
6. Study the text once more and answer the questions.
1. When did Professor O.V. Bukharin head the Orenburg State
Medical Institute as Rector?
2. When was he appointed Director of the Institute for Cellular and
Intracellular Symbiosis in Orenburg?
3. What are his scientic interests focused on?
4. What methodical modes has Professor Bukharin developed?
5. What did Professor Bukharin develop and describe?
6. Where did his results nd their application?
7. What Editorial Board is Professor Bukharin a member?
7. Study the text and say the most important details of Bukharin’s
scientic achievements and advances.
69
UNIT
III
PHARMACY AS A SCIENCE
Grammar •
Word-building
Lesson 8.
1. Read and translate the words with the given prexes and
suxes.
re- : recurrence, retell, rewrite, reproduction, readmit, reread,
re-do;
contra-: contraction, contradiction, contraception, contraindication;
counter-: counteraction, counter-irritant, counterpart, counterclockwise;
-al: medical, pharmaceutical, analytical;
-ion: qualication, generalization, institution, administration,
prescription;
-ist, -er(-or): scientist, chemist, pharmacist; dropper, writer,
doctor, reader.
1. Present Participle. 2. Continuous Active and Pas-
sive. 3. Modal verbs and their equivalents. 4. Imper-
sonal sentences.
• Prexes: re-, counter-, contra-. Suxes: (adj): -ian,
-en.
PHARMACY AS A SCIENCE
Tasks:
2. Read and translate the sentences.
1. It is necessary to learn foreign languages nowadays.
2. It is dicult for pharmaceutical students to study Chemistry.
3. It is important to collect plants in proper time.
4. It is necessary for health to drink distilled water.
5. In the records of all civilizations it is possible to see the
applicationof chemistry to the world around us.
3. Make Participle I of the given verbs. Translate these forms into
Russian.
Work, make, start, begin, know, translate, write, read.
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