Практическая фонетика английского языка просто о сложном. Учебное пособие
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Lesson 5
Exercise 50
Read the words with RR.
arrow |
borrow |
mirror |
cherry |
narrow |
sorry |
Cirrina |
ferret |
marry |
torrent |
irrigate |
terrible |
parrot |
Knorr |
irritate |
berry |
Harrods |
tomorrow |
firry |
merry |
carry |
lorry |
firring |
cranberry |
carrol |
porridge |
|
raspberry |
|
morrow |
|
terror |
|
|
|
|
Exercise 51
Read aloud the tongue-twisters.
[r]
1.We run the risk of ruining our reputation.
2.The riders rode rapidly through the rain. The rest of the riders have recently reached the restaurant.
3.My relatives refused to return the red radio set.
4.The pretty royal princess regretted her romantic rendezvous.
5.They wrapped the red rope around the tree trunk.
6.The residents refused to repair the rotten roof.
7. Referees are rarely rich. I reckon the corrupt referee received
a bribe.
8.The robot rescued the rare raccoon.
9.Rest and relaxation reduce stress.
10.This fried rice is really rather rubbish.
11.Rogue rhinos can run remarkably rapidly.
12.Really round rocks are rather rare.
13.Respected writers receive rewards regularly.
14.These red radishes are really ripe.
15.This ram is really rather rude!
16.I am reluctant to replace my reliable rifle.
17.We rarely run races in the rain.
18.They rushed to repair the ruined rocket.
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И. М. Пескова, Л. И. Палаева, Е. О. Забенькина. ПРАКТИЧЕСКАЯФОНЕТИКААНГЛИЙСКОГОЯЗЫКА
19.Freddy is ready to roast red roaches. Ready for Freddy’s roasted red roaches?
20.Roberta ran rings around the Roman ruins.
21.Round and round the rugged rock the ragged rascal ran.
[r – w]
1.Rory the warrior and Roger the worrier were reared wrongly in a rural brewery.
2.Rhys watched Ross switch his Irish wristwatch for a Swiss wristwatch.
3.Wow, race winners really want red wine right away!
4.The ruddy widow really wants ripe watermelon and red roses when winter arrives.
5.(*) A loyal warrior will rarely worry why we rule.
6.(*) We’re real rear wheels. Real weird rear wheels.
[l – r]
1.The crow flew over the river with a lump of raw liver.
2.Rural ruler.
3.The little red lorry went down Limuru road.
[ʌ]
Краткийнелабиализованныймонофтонгсмешанногорядасреднегоподъема широкойразновидности
БукваU взакрытомслоге(II типчтения) БукваОпередm, n, v, th (вбольшинствеслучаев)
Значительно короче, чем русский звук [a], нижняя челюсть игубыпрактическинеподвижны. Представьте, чтовынеожиданно вспомнили что-то не очень важное, но долго вспоминаемое – эмо- цийнедостаточнодлягромкого«А!», новполнедостаточно, чтобы незамедлительно начать применять на практике эту информацию.
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Lesson 5
Exercise 52
Read aloud the following words.
Initial [ʌ] |
|
|
Medial [ʌ] |
|
|
up |
unhappy |
uncle |
must |
but |
hunt |
us |
upon |
unless |
study |
run |
summer |
under |
usher |
upset |
hundred |
much |
funny |
until |
unusual |
umpire |
sudden |
just |
number |
ugly |
uproar |
|
sun |
cut |
such |
|
|
|
much |
|
gnu |
Phonograms
-ub |
-uck |
-ud |
-udge |
-uff |
-ump |
-unch |
-ush |
dub |
truck |
thud |
sludge |
scruff |
trump |
crunch |
slush |
cub |
suck |
stud |
misjudge |
rebuff |
frump |
munch |
thrush |
stub |
stuck |
spud |
kludge |
buff |
chump |
lunch |
plush |
snub |
pluck |
mud |
begrudge |
ruff |
rump |
bunch |
flush |
shrub |
tuck |
dud |
drudge |
tuff |
lump |
hunch |
crush |
grub |
muck |
cud |
nudge |
handcuff |
bump |
punch |
brush |
club |
duck |
dud |
fudge |
foodstuff |
dump |
brunch |
blush |
sub |
luck |
|
grudge |
outbluff |
jump |
|
mush |
hub |
cluck |
|
trudge |
fluff |
grump |
|
lush |
Exercise 53
Read aloud the tongue-twisters and the rhymes.
[ʌ]
1.The muffins in the oven look yummy. I am hungry.
2.The hungry runners hurried through the tunnel.
3.The rubber gloves are in the cupboard.
4.Couples love to hug at sunset.
5.The sponge is under the tub.
6.A buffalo’s tongue is rough and tough.
7.The lucky couple won the money.
8.After the flood the town was covered in rubbish.
9.I am lucky enough to live near some lovely countryside.
10.The upset monk punched his mother’s ugly lover.
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И. М. Пескова, Л. И. Палаева, Е. О. Забенькина. ПРАКТИЧЕСКАЯФОНЕТИКААНГЛИЙСКОГОЯЗЫКА
11.It’s fun to run with monkeys in the jungle but the monkeys drunk a jug of rum and clumsily jumped up to touch the unlucky butterflies.
12.My younger brother governs a corrupt country.
13.To understand a country, you must study its current culture.
14.Some customers complained that the lunch was disgusting.
15.The blood’s from a cut on my tongue.
16.The young puppies were lucky to survive the hurricane.
17.I comforted my brother when our mother punished him.
18.If you’re keen on stunning kites and cunning stunts, buy a cunning stunning stunt kite.
19.Double bubble gum, bubbles double.
20.Old Mr. Hunt had a cuddy punt Not a cuddy punt
but a hunt punt cuddy.
21.A skunk sat on a stump and thought the stump stunk, but the stump thought the skunk stunk.
22.Never trust
a sloppy crust, a squally gust, ships that rust,
or girls with lust. But if you must, you may trust
to go bust,
and back to dust, which serves you just.
[ʌ – a:]
Come, come,
Stay calm, stay calm, No need for alarm, It only hums,
It doesn’t harm.
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Lesson 5
[aʊ]
Ядродифтонга– нелабиализованныйгласныйпереднегоотодвинутогоназадряда низкогоподъемаширокойразновидности.
БуквосочетанияOW, OU (естьмногоисключений)
Это не русское «ау», хотя есть большой соблазн произносить именно так. В русском «ау» отчетливо слышны два слога, каждый изнихсостоитизодногогласного, ванглийскомжемыимеемдело с дифтонгом – сдвоенным гласным. Ярче произносится ядро диф- тонга – «а» и еле заметный «хвост» – «у». Представьте, что кто-то слегка колет вас иголкой и вы вскрикиваете не столько от боли, сколько от неожиданности и одним звуком показываете свое него- дование.
Exercise 54
Read aloud the tongue-twisters.
1.Our accountant is proud of her brown trousers.
2.Now you can pronounce all the vowel sounds.
3.My spouse is from the cloudy mountains in the South where live thousands of brown cows and cowboys and cowgirls wear brown blouses and trousers. Now I’m having a row with my spouse about the mouse in our house.
4.The owl has got a brown mouse in its mouth!
5.The crowd bowed when they saw the crown.
6.I have a discount voucher for the flower show.
7.Clowns are not allowed to walk around the town.
8.How much ground could a groundhog grind if a groundhog could grind ground?
9.Clowns grow glowing crowns.
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И. М. Пескова, Л. И. Палаева, Е. О. Забенькина. ПРАКТИЧЕСКАЯФОНЕТИКААНГЛИЙСКОГОЯЗЫКА
Additional exercise 4
Read aloud the following words.
Homophones
flue |
blew |
duel |
chute |
cruse |
cue |
due |
flu |
blue |
dual |
shoot |
cruise |
queue |
dew |
but |
current |
done |
duct |
muscle |
nun |
plum |
butt |
currant |
dun |
ducked |
mussel |
none |
plumb |
by |
eye |
dine |
die |
liar |
lie |
rhyme |
bye |
aye |
dyne |
dye |
lyre |
lye |
rime |
buy |
|
|
|
|
|
|
cymbal |
hay |
him |
pray |
way |
staid |
slay |
symbol |
hey |
hymn |
prey |
weigh |
stayed |
sleigh |
Homographs
bay (part of |
bluff (cliff) |
buck (male |
chuck (throw or |
fuse (slow |
a sea) |
bluff (fool or |
deer) |
toss) |
burning wick) |
bay (reddish |
mislead) |
buck (slang for |
chuck (cut of |
fuse (melt |
brown) |
|
dollar) |
beef) |
together) |
bay (howl) |
|
|
|
|
Collective Nouns
Bevy of ladies |
Bundle of clothes |
Club of memebers |
Clump of dirt |
Flush of ducks |
Union of workers |
Faculty of teachers |
Huddle of lawyers |
Coat of arms |
Jury of citizens |
Colony of ants |
|
Borrowed words
Greek |
Latin |
Dutch |
East Indian |
French |
Italian |
cyclone |
conjunction |
bush |
bungalow |
gourmet |
attitude |
cycle |
psychology |
yacht |
curry |
judge |
duel |
encyclopedia |
question |
|
jungle |
jury |
influenza |
androgyny |
request |
|
thug |
justice |
stucco |
hydrant |
query |
|
juggernaut |
nuance |
virtuoso |
|
|
|
|
public |
|
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Lesson 5
Anagrams
urn |
use |
yap |
chum |
run |
sue |
pay |
much |
nude |
shrub |
study |
lump |
dune |
brush |
dusty |
plum |
aster |
dormitory |
astronomer |
desperation |
stare |
dirty room |
moon starer |
a rope ends it |
the eyes |
the Morse code |
slot machines |
election results |
they see |
here come dots |
cash lost in me |
lies let’s recount |
animosity |
aster |
a decimal point |
the earthquake |
is no amity |
stare |
I’m a dot in place |
that queer shake |
presbyterian |
teach |
eleven plus two |
snooze alarms |
best in prayer |
cheat |
twelve plus one |
alas no more Z’s |
dynamite |
car |
elbow |
state |
may end it |
arc |
below |
taste |
dusty |
night |
cat |
inch |
study |
thing |
act |
chin |
stressed |
a gentleman |
funeral |
schoolmaster |
desserts |
elegant man |
real fun |
the classroom |
The Mona Lisa |
San Diego |
Clint Eastwood |
Leonardo da Vinci |
Oh, lame saint |
diagnose |
Old West action |
O, Draconian devil |
Louis Friend |
October sky |
Statue of Liberty |
violet cat |
iron sulfide |
rocket boys |
build to stay free |
attic love |
conversation |
broad |
|
|
conservation |
board |
|
|
Palindromes
nun |
Mum |
Dad |
My gym |
Navy van |
refer |
Otto |
Anna |
peep |
pay |
Emordnilaps
buns |
but |
bud |
gum |
nuts |
tub |
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LESSON 6
[ʧ]
Переднеязычныйальвеолярно-палатальныйсмычныйаффрикат
БуквосочетаниеСН(естьисключения– словагреческогоифранцузского происхождения)
Более твердый и решительный по сравнению с русским [ч]. Представьте, что вам нужно утихомирить громко шумящих людей и вы уже сильно раздражены производимым ими шумом, однако люди способны вас услышать.
Exercise 55
Read the tongue-twisters.
[ʧ]
1.The child has such chubby cheeks.
2.The cheeky chaps chatted in the chilly church.
3.I chose a cheap charger from China.
4.The charming Chinese champion cheated.
5.The chatty children chewed cheesy chips.
6.Chester Cheetah chews a chunk of cheep cheddar cheese.
7.Chukotko-Kamchatkan.
8.There was a little witch which switched from Chichester to Ipswich.
9.(*) Out in the pasture the nature watcher watches the catcher. While the catcher watches the pitcher who pitches the balls. Whether the temperature’s up or whether the temperature’s down, the nature watcher, the catcher and the pitcher are always around. The pitcher pitches, the catcher catches and the watcher watches. So whether the temperature’s rises or whether the temperature falls the nature
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Lesson 6
watcher just watches the catcher who’s watching the pitcher who’s watching the balls.
[w – u – ʧ]
How much wood would a woodchuck chuck if a woodchuck would chuck wood? A woodchuck would chuck how much a woodchuck would chuck if a woodchuck would chuck wood.
[dʒ]
Переднеязычныйальвеолярно-палатальныйсмычныйаффрикат
БукваJ
БукваG передE, I, Y
Этотзвукобычнолучшеполучаетсяумальчиков: вдетстве, ког- да мальчики играли в машинки, они «озвучивали» работу двигате- ля колесного транспортного средства с помощью именно такого звука. В русском языке такого звука нет – это звонкий согласный, парный звуку [ч], который передается в русской транслитерации двумя буквами – «дж». Эти буквы надо произнести слитно, одним звуком, одним движением – энергично «прокрутите» их языком. Должно возникнуть ощущение, что кончик языка закручивается в штопор, но это ощущение не вызывает отрицательных эмоций. «Пожужжите» подольше, прочувствуйте работу языка.
Особенноважночетко, безоглушения, произносить[dʒ] након- це слов.
Exercise 56
Read aloud the tongue-twisters.
1.Jim the gentle giant jumped for joy in June and July.
2.Joe gave Jane three gigantic genuine gems.
3.The jury judged the jugglers generously.
4.Jack and Gina drank juicy gin and ginger.
5.Some jolly gypsies just joined my gym.
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И. М. Пескова, Л. И. Палаева, Е. О. Забенькина. ПРАКТИЧЕСКАЯФОНЕТИКААНГЛИЙСКОГОЯЗЫКА
6.Can you imagine an imaginary menagerie manager imagining managing an imaginary menagerie?
[ɔɪ]
Ядродифтонга– нелабиализованныйзвукзаднегоряданизкогоподъема.
БуквосочетанияOI, OY
В отличие от русского «ой», которое может выразить целую гамму чувств, английский [ɔɪ] очень сдержанный и краткий, арти- куляция минимальна. Представьте, что вы испугались, но совсем чуть-чуть, и вашей жизни ничто не угрожает, скорее, это смесь ис- пуга и удивления. Второй элемент дифтонга – гласный [ɪ], кате- горически нельзя произносить согласный [j] и тем более русский согласный [й].
Exercise 57
Read aloud the tongue-twisters.
[ɔɪ]
1.Cowboys enjoy oily oysters.
2.I enjoy destroying toilets.
3.My royal boyfriend is annoyingly loyal.
4.The poison spoiled the soil.
5.The appointment was disappointingly unenjoyable.
6.The boy pointed at the noisy boiler. Noisy boilers are annoying.
7.The employee avoided his flamboyant employer.
8.The voyage was annoying and pointless.
9.Those noisy boys destroyed my toys!
10.How much oil boil can a gum boil boil if a gum boil can boil oil?
11.What noise annoys an oyster most? A noisy noise annoys an oyster most.
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