South Bank House, Borough Road, London se1 oaa

Reg No: London 3395162 Telephone: 071 928 7716

VAT No: 41 618231 59 Telex: 988153

Fax: 071 928 7111

Miss Y. Pollard 28 June 20—

International Shippers Ltd.

City House

City Road

London EC2 1PC

Dear Miss Pollard,

Our clients, Delta Computers, Wellmgborough, inform us that they have received a cable from their customers, N.Z. Business Machines, Wellington, that the SS Northern Cross which was due in Wellington on June 25 has not yet arrived.

The vessel was carrying a consignment of computers for our clients, shipped B/L 6715, and they want to know why the ship has been delayed. A prompt reply would be appreciated.

Yours sincerely,

J.D. Simpson

Supervisor

11.4.10

Delay in arrival of shipment

Goods can be delayed, damaged, or carried-over to another port. In such cases the seller or his forwarding agent will contact the shipping company. (Refer to 11.4.4/5/6/7 for previous correspondence.) Note that the correspondence with the shipping company is through Kent, Clarke, the forwarding agents who sent the goods in this case.

11.4.11

Shipping company's reply to 11.4.10

11.5

Container services

Containers are large steel boxes, 20 to 40 feet in length, can hold most cargoes including liquids, and are transported by lorries or trains to ports where they are loaded on to container vessels and shipped. Because of their sealing to prevent pilfering they are safe, and goods are also protected against constant handling. They are versatile, loading top, front, or side, and can cut a ship's laytime

(waiting time) down by 60-70 per cent. Small parcels from different shippers can be grouped together (consolidation) at a depot if they are for the same destination, and special groupage rates are offered to consignees.

Most ports in the world have facilities for loading and unloading containers, and if they do not have them, the container can be delivered to a port with facilities, then loaded on to trucks and taken to the customer.

International Shippers Ltd.

Chairman: Sir Donald Low Directors: P.R. Castle, D.S.M. Bracking, R.T. Kitson

City House, City Road, London ec2 1 pc

Reg No: England 4513869 Telephone: 071 3125038

VAT No: 1263154123 Telex: 951363 INTHIPG

Fax: 071 3126117

Mr J. D. Simpson 30 June 20—

Kent, Clarke & Co. Ltd.

South Bank House

Borough Road

London SE10AA

Dear Mr Simpson,

In answer to your letter of 28 June, we are pleased to inform you that the SS Northern Cross has now docked in Wellington, but was delayed by engine trouble. I am sure that your customers will now have been able to collect their consignment and apologize for the delay. As you know from previous experience of shipping with us, our line keeps to schedules and this incident was an unfortunate exception. Please contact us if there is any further information you require.

Yours sincerely,

Y. Pollard (Miss)

11.5.1

Documentation for exporting goods by container

A bill of lading can be used as it is in ordinary shipments, with the usual conditions applying, i.e. a clean shipped on board bill, naming the port of acceptance (where the goods have been loaded) and port of delivery (where the goods will be unloaded). In this case the shipping company only accepts responsibility for the goods while on board ship. But if a combined transport bill of lading is used, the place of acceptance and place of delivery may be covered, which means the company accepts door-to-door responsibility, which offers more extensive cover than the bill of lading.

Non-negotiable waybills (see 11.7.3) are also used, but unless instructed, banks will not accept them as evidence of shipment, and they are not documents of title which can be transferred. Although waybills do not have clauses relating to responsibility printed on the back of them, as bills of lading do, container companies will accept the usual liabilities as applying to the waybill.

11.5.2

Documentation for importing goods by container

A freight invoice is needed if the sea freight is to be paid in the UK and this is accompanied by an arrival notification form, which advises the importer that his goods are coming. On claiming his goods, the customer has to show a customs clearance form, which allows the goods to be taxed, copies of the certificate of origin (see 11.7.4), if necessary, commercial invoices, import licence, and health certificate tor food or animal imports. The bill of lading or waybill also has to be produced to prove ownership of the goods, and the customs issues an out of charge note once the goods have been cleared by them.

This procedure is not unique to container importation, but common to any form of imports. This is one of the reasons why Clearing Agents are employed by either exporters, to get their goods accepted quickly in a foreign country, or importers, to clear their goods in their own country.

11.6