1. Usually run from one to five years

2. the loan terms are not met

c- determining the amount of the monthly pay­ment

4. assigns that person a credit rating accordingly

5. when purchasing expensive items such as houses and automobiles

6. to attract a pool of money it can lend

7. that are usually higher than those of regu­lar savings or NOW accounts

8. the lender may take the borrower's collateral

i. is called the interest

i

j • a regular savings account, or a passbook account

_{Unit 4. DISCUSSION}

|5 Study the expressions in the Useful Language box and the examples below showing different lexical and gram­matical ways of expressing one and the same language function.

U seful Language

2. The new seal is the same colour as the old one.

3. The second seal looks like the first one.

4. You must be very creative setting up a new business in the same way as introducing a new product.

5. You must be very creative to set up a new business. In a similar way you'll need much effort to introduce a new product.

b) contrast

1. The prices have risen but these consumer goods are still in great demand.

2. The prices have risen yet these consumer goods are still in great demand.

3. The prices have risen, however, these consumer goods are still in great demand.

4. Although the prices have risen, these consumer goods are still in great demand.

5. Whereas the prices have risen, these consumer goods are still in great demand.

3. condition

1. If the price is high the demand will be low.

2. The demand will be low as long as the price is high.

3. The demand will be high on condition that the price is low.

4. The demand will be high providing/provided that the price is low.

5. The demand will be very high unless the price is too high.

3. advice

1. At this stage of product life cycle you should spend money on advertising.

2. At this stage of product life cycle you had better spend money on advertising.

3. Why don't you spend money on advertising at this stage of product life cycle?

4. If I were you I would spend money on advertising at this stage of product life cycle.

5. At this stage of product life cycle I'd advise you to spend money on advertising.

|5* Rewrite each sentence so that it has a similar meaning and it contains the expression in bold type.

1. Money, it turned out, was exactly like sex. You thought of nothing else if you didn't have it and thought of other things if you did. just the same as

2. Money is a terrible master but an excellent servant, however

3. Before you start up a new business I'd advise you to write a business plan, you should

4. As long as the company does well the profits will be very high.

5. Money is the same as promises - easier made than kept-like

6. Persona] selling will be very effective if the promotional efforts are well planned, provided

7. You should persuade banks, not me, that your business is worthy of a loan, had better

8. Although money can't buy happiness it will get you a bet­ter class of memories, but

9. Getting money is like digging with a needle, the same as

10. On condition that the price is reasonable the travelers will be using this airline, as long as

11. Money spends in the same way as water soaks into sand like

12. Doing business is like making war. the same as

13. My great wealth was acquired with no difficulty, whereas my small wealth, my first gains, with much labor, yet

14. Why don't you make financial analysis of monthly profit and loss forecast? if I were you I would

15. The advertisers try to persuade the customers in the same way as the politicians try to persuade their electors, in a similar way

17 Read what famous people said about the role of money in the society. Discuss the position of the authors. Support your point of view with reasons and examples from your reading, your observations or your own experience. Use the expressions from the Useful Language box.

1. The chief value of money lies in the fact that one lives in a world in which it is overestimated.

H. L. Mencken (1880-\956). American author

2. The only people who claim that money is not important are people who have enough money so that they are relieved of the ugly burden of thinking about it.

Joyce Carol Oates (b. 1938), American author

3. Money is an article, which may be used as a universal passport to everywhere except Heaven, and as a univer­sal provider of everything but happiness.

George S. Clason (1874-1940), American author

4. There is no fortress so strong that money cannot take it.

Marcus T. Cicero (106 -43 ВС), great Roman orator, politician

5. Money is power, freedom, a cushion, the root of all evil, the sum of blessings.

Carl Sandburg (1878-1967), American poet

5. Money is a singular thing. It ranks with love as man's greatest source of joy. And with death as his greatest source of anxiety.

John Kenneth Galbraith (b. 1908), American economist

|g Read what famous people said about the knack of han­dling money. Discuss the extent to which you agree or disagree with the opinion stated below. Support your point of view with reasons and examples from your read­ing, your observations or your own experience. Use the expressions from the Useful Language box.

1. Wealth is not his that has it, but his that enjoys it.

Benjamin Franklin (1706-1790), American scientist,

publisher, diplomat

2. It isn't enough for you to love money - it's also neces­sary that money should love you.

Baron Rothschild (1840-1915)

3. If we command our wealth, we shall be rich and free; if our wealth com mands us, we are poor indeed.

Edmund Burke (1729-1797), British political writer, statesman

4. Money alone is only a means; it presupposes a man to use it. The rich man can go where he pleases, but per­haps please himself nowhere. He can buy a library or visit the whole world, but perhaps has neither patience to read nor intelligence to see... The purse may be full and the heart empty. He may have gained the world and lost himself; and with all his wealth around him... he may live as blank a life as any tattered ditcher.

Robert Louis Stevenson (1850-1895), Scottish essayist,

poet, novelist

5. Money is of no value; it cannot spend itself. All depends on the skill of the spender.

Ralph Waldo Emerson (1803-1882), American poet, essayist

5. To acquire wealth is not easy, yet to keep it is even more difficult... It is said that wealth is like a viper which is harmless if a man knows how to take hold of it; but, if he does not, it will twine around his hand and bite him.

Frank K, Houston