12. Read two current staff appraisals written by the Captain of your ship and characterise the people with the words you have already learnt. Current Staff Appraisals

The Able Seaman Tompson always conducts himself in an orderly, faithful, honest and sober manner, at all times is diligent in his respective duties and obedient to the lawful commands of the Master, or of any person who shall lawful succeed him, in his superior officers, in everything related to the vessel, her stores and cargo, whether on board, in boats or on shore.

The Chief Engineer Kovaha entered himself as qualified for a duty which he was incompetent to perform. His rank was reduced in accordance with his incompetence. He went ashore in one foreign port without permission of the master. Knowing that no dangerous weapons, narcotics or contraband articles, and no alcoholic beverages shall be brought aboard the vessel nor allowed in the possession of the crew, he brought some narcotics. The captain discharged him from the vessel.

What would you do if you were the Captain of this ship? Comment on your actions.

1. 13. The structure of a first conditional sentence. Form

if + Simple Present, will + verb

Example: If I find her address, I will send her an invitation.

The main clause can also be at the beginning of the sentence. In this case, don't use a comma.

Example: I will send her an invitation if I find her address.

Note: Main clause and / or if clause might be negative.

Example: If I don’t see him this afternoon, I will phone him in the evening.

Use

Conditional Sentences Type I refer to the future. An action in the future will only happen if a certain condition is fulfilled by that time. We don't know for sure whether the condition actually will be fulfilled or not, but the conditions seems rather realistic – so we think it is likely to happen.

Example: If I find her address, I’ll send her an invitation.

I want to send an invitation to a friend. I just have to find her address. I am quite sure, however, that I will find it.

Example: If John has the money, he will buy a Ferrari.

I know John very well and I know that he earns a lot of money and that he loves Ferraris. So I think it is very likely that sooner or later he will have the money to buy a Ferrari.

Conjunctions can be used to talk about the future.

The 1st conditional sentence structure can also be used to talk about the future. You can use conjunctions of time [when, before, after, as soon as, until] instead of - if - in the condition / dependent clause. They are always followed by the present simple tense.

When

Example: I’ll wash the dishes when my TV show is over.

Before

Example: I’ll finish this report before I leave tonight.

After

Example: I’ll eat dinner after I finish my homework.

Until

Example: I’ll sit outside until it gets dark.

As soon as

Example: I’ll wash the dishes as soon as this TV show is over.