9. Future forms

Tense	Will-future	Going to	Simple Present	Present Progressive
Use	prediction, assumption; spontaneous action	planned action in the future; logical consequence (sth. is going to happen)	future action is fixed (e.g. timetable)	planned action in the near future
Form	will + infinitive	to be (am, are, is) + going to +infinitive	infinitive 3rd person singular (he, she, it) infinitive + -s	to be (am, are, is) + verb + ing
Example	I will carry this bag for you.	We are going to fly to Leeds in summer.	The train leaves at 6.45.	I am going to a party tonight.

10. Complete the sentences with the verbs in brackets.

1. Take an umbrella. It __________________ (rain)

2. Attention, please! The next race _____________ at 9.30. (start)

3. I ______________ to the cinema tonight. I already have a ticket. (go)

4. Be careful or the cars ______________ (knock) you down.

5. Why are you leaving? Are you finished? - No, I am not. But I ___________ a rest. (have)

6. He can give it to her. He ____________ her in the afternoon. (go to see)

7. The flight number BA 308 __________________ at 11.15. (leave)

8. Betty is going to driving lessons. And then she _______________ a car. (buy)

9. I can't eat anything today. I _____________ an appointment at the hospital tomorrow. (have)

10. Fasten your seatbelts, please. The plane _____________ in five minutes. (land)

11. Did you remember to invite Mrs. Oates? - Oh, no! I forgot. But I________________ (call) her now.

12. Your suitcase is so big. I _______________ (take) it for you.

13. Good Lord! The engine has stopped. The plane _____________________ (fall down).

14. Can I help you? - Yes, please. __________ me that blouse? (show)

11. Use the words in brackets and make questions.

1. I know you are leaving at the weekend! But when__________________? (you/come back)

2. The coach arrives at 8 o'clock. But what time________________? (it/depart)

3. You have a lot of bricks in the backyard. ____________________ your house? (you/renovate)

4. Look, Ann is carrying a spade.__________________________? (she/plant a tree)

5. We are having a meeting with Kirk tonight. What time_____________________? (he/come)

6. Why are you getting up so early? When _____________________ today? (your lessons/start)

7. I'd like to go for a trip.__________________ tomorrow? (you/do anything)

8. We must meet Joyce at the port. What time ___________________ ? (ship/land)

9. You have so much milk in the fridge. What _______________ with it? (you/do)

12. Will and going to.

We use both will and going to in predictions about the future, but there is a difference:

W e use “will” to talk about what we think or believe will happen in the future.

We use “going to” to talk about something in the future which we can see as a result of something in the present.

That boat doesn’t look very safe. It’ll sink in that heavy sea.

Look at that boat! It’s going to sink.

Don’t climb that tree. You’ll fall and hurt yourself.	Look out! You’re going to fall!
We use both “will” and “going to” to talk about what we intend to do, but there is a difference here:
We use “will” when we decide to do something at the moment of speaking. “Oh dear! I’ve spilt some wine on my jacket.” “Don’t worry. I’ll clean it for you.” “What shall I do tomorrow? I know! I’ll paint the kitchen.”	We use “going to” when we have already decided to do something. “Why have you moved all the furniture out of this room?” “I’m going to clean the carpet.” “Why are you putting on those old clothes?” “I’m going to paint the kitchen.”