Vocabulary Test

1. Benzene … a gas above 80ºC.

a. comes b. becomes c. gets d. came

2. … is a quality or feature of something.

a. Quantity b. Property c. Type d. Properly

3. When the … element occurs in … forms, these forms are called allotropic.

a. some, difficult b. different, some

c. same, different d. same, difficult

4. To … is the synonym of to name.

a. fall b. call c. ball d. tall

5. At … temperature all carbon forms are very inert.

a. ordinary b. orderly c. order d. disorderly

6. A gas possesses mass having … permanent volume … shape.

a. either, or b. both, and

c. from, to d. neither, nor

7. The … of elements in nature is not equal.

a. decomposition b. disruption

c. distribution d. disproportion

8. Pure hydrogen when burnt with oxygen … a very high temperature.

a. reduces b. produces c. distributes d. forms

9. The … of atoms in vapor changes … .

a. organisation, continuous b. arrangement, definitely

c. formation, sufficiently d. arrangement, continuously

Grammar Test

1. Oxygen is … element. … element is … gas.

a. the, An, the b. an, The, –

c. an, The, a d. –, –, –

2. They speak English… .

a. good b. well c. poor d. bad

3. Some metals are known from ancient times. We know all about … and … properties.

a. they, them b. their, them

c. their, their d. them, their

4. Elements have only one type of atom whereas compounds have … than one type.

a. more b. most c. many d. less

5. The distribution of elements in nature is found to be very … .

a. equal b. equally c. unequally d. unequal

6. Iron has a … melting point than nickel.

a. high b. highest c. higher d. higherer

7. Oxygen … up over half the earth’s crust.

a. is making b. has made c. make d. makes

8. All metals in the solid state are crystalline … the orderly arrangement of their component atoms.

a. as b. whereas c. because of d. because

9. Water is … a liquid.

a. normally b. normal c. abnormal d. normall

10. … sulphur finds its way into the pig iron in the form of FeS and MnS.

a. Any b. Something c. No d. Some

1.25. For fun and profit. Before reading the joke, say what Jack London is famous for. Read the joke and do the task after it finding the information in the text.

Jack London was late in delivering a story which he promised a New York magazine.

The editor, after repeated efforts to get the story, at last called at London’s hotel and sent up the following note:

“Dear Jack London! If I don’t receive the story within twenty-four hours, I’ll come up to your room and kick you downstairs, and I always keep my promises.”

London replied: “Dear Dick! If I did all my work with my feet, I’d keep my promises too.”

1. Jack London was born in London.

a. true b. false c. not stated

2. The editor telephoned to London’s hotel.

a. true b. false c. not stated

3. The editor’s note was aggressive in tone.

a. true b. false c. not stated.

Unit 2. Materials science. Properties of materials

2.1. What do you know about materials science? How can the knowledge of science of materials be applied to science and industries?

2.2. What are these materials called?

oil / paper / water / paint / sand / cement / concrete /

gravel / stone / petrol

2.3. What are these actions?

to break / to bend / to send / to burn / to scratch

2.4. Read out the international words and translate them:

material, technology, technique, natural, characteristics, discipline, industrial, metallurgy, manufacture, structure, product, horizon

2.5. Translate the word combinations using a dictionary. Pay attention to the meaning of the international words:

tools of foreign manufacture, to manufacture cars, a statistical technique, modern science and technology, to put on the list, natural gas, natural phenomena, natural number, natural history, high-quality products, an atomic structure, a heavy structure, an industrial area, industrial relations

2.6. Translate the noun combinations:

materials science, trial-and-error method, laboratory techniques, computer engineering, lightweight cars, human horizons, planet's problems, shape change, torsion force

2.7. Translate the word combinations paying attention to the meaning of the prefixes in bold:

unknown methods, inaccurate results, an irregular shape, to reread the page, a semiautomatic process, a supernatural phenomenon, to preheat the object, to divide into subgroups, an illogical reply, to overload the system, to misunderstand the task, a sudden disconnection, the interaction of components, underdeveloped countries

2.8. Read the text Materials Science in the Past and Present to find out why materials science is rather a young discipline. Read Summary Tips in Appendix and write a summary of the text. Retell the text briefly.