- •Contents
- •Передмова
- •Financial system
- •Finance and financial system
- •II. Vocabulary exercises
- •Revenue sources and revenue-sharing arrangements in Ukraine:
- •A. Dialogue
- •1. Read and translate the dialogue in pairs:
- •Vocabulary list:
- •2. Read the dialogue, translate the Ukrainian remarks into English and act it out:
- •Communicative situations
- •A) Supply the prepositions where necessary.
- •Budgetary policy
- •2. Read the text and name the facts from the text which are new to you: Treasury
- •3.Read the text and say what you know about the budget process in Ukraine:
- •III. Match what statements are true and what are false. Results write to the table:
- •Fiscal management
- •Financial policy. Fiscal sphere
- •A. Dialogue
- •Vocabulary list:
- •2. Read the dialogue, translate the Ukrainian remarks into English and act it out:
- •Communicative situations
- •2.Express your attitude to the following:
- •3.Prepare a short talk on the following:
- •A) Supply the articles where necessary.
- •Financial Policy
- •A) Supply the articles where necessary.
- •Fiscal Policy in the uk
- •A) Fill each gap with a suitable word from the box.
- •A) Read and discuss the texts.
- •Write down five questions about each text.
- •A) Read and discuss the texts.
- •Say what you know about the use of multiyear budgeting and budget classification in Ukraine. Types of Budget Classification
- •A) Read the article quickly and underline the parts about the challenge the transition economies face and the constraints affecting the ability of the governments to meet the challenge.
- •I. Fill in each space with the appropriate words from a, b or c:
- •Taxation
- •What are taxes?
- •Column a
- •Tax system in Ukraine
- •A. Dialogue
- •1. Read and translate the dialogue in pairs: Taxation in Ukraine
- •Vocabulary:
- •2. Read the dialogue, translate the Ukrainian remarks into English and act it out:
- •B. Communicative situations
- •4. Make a short essay on the following:
- •A) Supply the articles where necessary.
- •A) Supply prepositions where necessary.
- •What Is an Excise Duty?
- •Open the brackets putting the verbs in the correct form: Tax Reform in Developing Countries
- •Read the text below carefully and underline the parts of it giving basic ideas about the desired features of a tax system. Tax System Design
- •I. Mark the correct answers on the following questions:
- •II.Fill the tables:
- •III. Match what statements are true and what are false. Results write to the table:
- •Central banking system
- •A. Dialogue
- •1. Read and translate the dialogue in pairs: Banking system in Ukraine
- •Vocabulary:
- •2. Read the dialogue, translate the Ukrainian remarks into English and act it out:
- •1. A) Supply the articles where necessary.
- •Credit Policy
- •A) Supply the prepositions where necessary.
- •3.A) Open the brackets, putting the verbs in the correct form.
- •The Bank of England
- •Fill each gap with a suitable word from the box. Sum up the text in 5-7 sentences. Present your summary in class.
- •Us Activities of Foreign Banking Organizations
- •A) Read and discuss the text.
- •Is Monetary Policy Needed?
- •A) Read and discuss the text.
- •Payment Systems
- •I. For each word or sentence choose the correct definition:
- •II.Match what statements are true and what are false. Results write to the table:
- •Banking system
- •Commercial banks
- •6To transact stock and share business – укладати угоди із цінними паперами
- •Column b
- •A. Dialogue
- •Vocabulary:
- •2. Read the dialogue, translate the Ukrainian remarks into English and act it out:
- •3.Make up a dialogue on the following:
- •B. Communicative situations
- •Make a short essay on the following:
- •1. A) Supply the articles where necessary.
- •2. A) Supply the articles where necessary.
- •Bank Accounts
- •3.A) Supply the prepositions where necessary.
- •The Nature of Banking
- •4. A) Open the brackets putting the verbs in the correct form.
- •5.Look through the text and name the facts which are new to you.
- •Choose the word which best completes each sentence:
- •II.Match what statements are true and what are false. Results write to the table:
- •International monetary system
- •International monetary institutions
- •A. Dialogue
- •Imf’s support for ukrainian reforms
- •1. Read and translate the dialogue in pairs:
- •Vocabulary:
- •2. Read the dialogue, translate the Ukrainian remarks into English and act it out:
- •3. Make up a dialogue on the following:
- •B. Communicative situations
- •A) Supply the articles where necessary.
- •International Monetary Fund
- •2.A) Supply the prepositions where necessary.
- •Your Partner ebrd
- •3. A) Fill each gap with a suitable word from the box.
- •Imbalances pur World Bank – International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (ibrd)
- •Match what statements are true and what are false. Results write to the table:
- •II. Fill the tables:
- •Foreign exchange market. Global financial markets
- •Trading in the foreign exchange market
- •A. Dialogue
- •1. Read and translate the dialogue in pairs: cornerstone of the global financial market
- •Vocabulary
- •2.Read the dialogue, translate the Ukrainian remarks into English and act it out:
- •Communicative situations
- •Global Financial Markets
- •2. A) Fill each gap with a suitable word from the box.
- •The Eurocurrency Market
- •3.Read the text quickly to find the types of most widely used swaps: Foreign Exchange Swaps
- •4. Read the text quickly to find answers to the following questions:
- •Foreign Exchange Options
- •Choose the correct answer:
- •Match what statements are true and what are false. Results write to the table:
- •Financial markets. The stock market
- •Stock markets
- •A. Dialogue
- •The corporate securities market in ukraine
- •Vocabulary
- •2. Read the dialogue, translate the Ukrainian remarks into English and act it out.
- •B. Communicative situations
- •2.A) Supply the prepositions where necessary.
- •Equity Market
- •3.A) Open the brackets putting the verbs in the correct form.
- •4. A) Fill each gap with a suitable word from the box below.
- •The New York Stock Exchange
- •5. A) Read the text below quickly and name organizations involved in the issues.
- •The New Issue Market
- •I. Choose the correct answer:
- •II.Match what statements are true and what are false. Results write to the table:
- •III.Fill the tables:
- •Financial markets. The bond market
- •Trading in the bond market
- •A. Dialogue
- •Vocabulary
- •2. Read the dialogue, translate the Ukrainian remarks into English and act it out:
- •3.Make up a dialogue on the following:
- •B. Communicative situations
- •You have an exam. The question is: “What is the difference between debt and equity market?”
- •Prepare a short talk on the following:
- •1. A) Supply the articles where necessary.
- •The Eurobond Market
- •2. A) Supply the prepositions where necessary.
- •3. A) Read the text.
- •4. A) Look through the text below to say what types of securities are described in it.
- •Us Government Securities
- •I.Choose the correct answer:
- •II. Match what statements are true and what are false. Results write to the table:
- •III. Fill the tables:
- •Financial management
- •Financial function
- •Financial ratios
- •A. Dialogue
- •Ratio analysis
- •Vocabulary list:
- •Read the dialogue, translate the Ukrainian remarks into English and act it out:
- •1. A) Supply the articles where necessary.
- •A) Read the text.
- •Corporate Governance
- •3. Read the text and say how investment risks can be reduced:
- •Investment Management
- •4. A) Supply the prepositions where necessary.
- •Financial Capital
- •5. A) Fill each gap with a suitable word from the box.
- •I. For each word or sentence choose the correct definition:
- •II. Match what statements are true and what are false. Results write to the table:
- •Accounting
- •Accounting principles and concepts
- •Book-keeping:
- •The double-entry bookkeeping:
- •A. Dialogue
- •1. Read and translate the dialogue in pairs: accountancy in a free-market economy
- •Vocabulary list:
- •2. Read the dialogue, translate the Ukrainian remarks into English and act it out:
- •3. Speak about the work of public accountants, private accountants, and accountants who work for units of the government and non-for-profit firms. B. Communicative situations
- •1. A) Supply the prepositions where necessary.
- •2. A) Read the text and single out the main facts and present them in a short review.
- •Read the text that follows to find the answers to the following questions:
- •Financial Statements And Their Elements
- •Balance sheet
- •Liabilities
- •Revenues
- •Expenses
- •Gains and losses
- •Choose the correct answer:
- •II. Match what statements are true and what are false. Results write to the table:
- •Auditing
- •Performing an audit
- •Audit strategy:
- •Audit risk:
- •A. Dialogue
- •1. Read and translate the dialogue in pairs: auditing in ukraine
- •Vocabulary:
- •2. Read the dialogue, translate the Ukrainian remarks into English and act it out:
- •3.Make up dialogues on the following:
- •B. Communicative situations
- •Discuss with your friends:
- •1. A) Read the texts and do the tasks that follow.
- •2.A) Supply the prepositions where necessary.
- •Auditors’ Report
- •3.A) Open the brackets putting the verbs in the correct form.
- •Misuse of Public Funds
- •4.A) Supply the articles where necessary.
- •Fill in each space with the appropriate words from a, b or c:
- •II. Which is correct:
- •III. Match what statements are true and what are false. Results write to the table:
- •IV. Fill the tables:
- •Glossary
- •Phraseology of reports and speeches coherent and generalization phrases
- •Phrases that are used in admission expressions
- •Nouns: common and possessive case
- •Count and noncount nouns
- •Some common noncount nouns
- •Using nouns as modifiers
- •The indefenite aricle
- •The definite article
- •No article
- •Personal pronouns
- •Possessive pronouns
- •Reflexive pronouns
- •Indefinite pronouns
- •Quantitive pronouns
- •Demonstrative pronouns
- •Degrees of comparison of adectives and adverbs
- •Numerals
- •The functions of the verb «to be»
- •The functions of the verb «to have»
- •The functions of the verb «to do»
- •General questions
- •Tag questions
- •Question words when
- •More questions with how
- •Modal verbs can; could to be able to
- •May; might
- •Must; be to; have to; have got to
- •Should; ought to
- •Will; would
- •Indefinite pronoun «one»
- •The pronouns «both, either and neither»
- •Senquence of tenses
- •The infinitive
- •The prepositional infinitive complex
- •The objective infinitivecomplex
- •The subjective infinitive complex
- •The participle
- •Complexes with the participle the objective participle complex
- •The subjective participle complex
- •The gerund. Forms and functions
- •The gerundal complex
- •Conditional sentenses
- •Irregular verbs
- •Reference list
Will; would
Uses |
Present/Future |
Past |
1) 100% certainty |
He will be here at nine. |
He said he would b here at nine. |
2) polite request |
Will you please pass the salt? Would you please pass the salt? Would you mind if I left early? |
― |
3) willingness
|
— The phone’s ringing. I’ll get it. |
― |
4) preference |
I would rather go to the park than stay home. |
I would rather have gone to the park. |
Indefinite pronoun «one»
Examples |
Functions |
One should always be polite. How does one get to 5th Avenue from here? One must keep one’s word. |
One means any person, people in general. The subject of an impersonal sentence. (usually not translated) |
This book is more interesting than the one we read lat week. Here are two books. Which one would you like? |
Any function for replacing a noun already mentioned.
|
One should take care of one’s health. One should take care of his health. One should take care of his or her health. |
Notice the pronouns that may be used in the same sentence to refer back to one.
|
The pronouns «both, either and neither»
Examples |
Functions |
Both these children are mine. These children are both mine. Both my children are boys. They both accepted the invitation. You are both right. They have both been invited. We must both go there. |
Both is plural in meaning and applied only to two persons or things.
|
|
Either refers to two persons or things and has two meanings.
|
Neither brother as been abroad. We accepted neither offer. Neither of the statements is true. |
Neither means not the one nor the other.
|
Senquence of tenses
Present Indefinite – Past Indefinite Present Continuous – Past Continuous |
Дія залежного речення відбувається одночасно з дією головного. |
Present Perfect – Past Perfect Past Indefinite – Past Perfect |
Дія залежного речення є попередньою до дії головного. |
Future – Future-in-the Past |
Дія залежного речення здійснюється після дії головного. |
Sequence of Tenses |
|
He lives in New York. I thought that he lived in New York. |
Одночасна дія |
Mother is sleeping. I knew that mother was sleeping. |
Одночасна дія |
He has returned from London. I was told that he had returned from London. |
Попередня дія |
He bought a new car. I heard that he had bought a new car. |
Попередня дія |
He will send us a letter. I supposed that he would send us a letter. |
Наступна дія |
Непряма мова |
|
При перекладі речень у непряму мову не забувайте застосовувати обставини часу, як вказано в таблиці |
|
Direct speech |
Indirect speech |
today yesterday tomorrow … ago this … here last year last month last … next … |
that day the day before the next day … before that … there the year before the month before the … before the following … |
Indirect statements |
|
He said
He told me |
“I am an engineer. I work at a plant. In the evening I study English” that he was an engineer and worked at a plant. He added that he studied English in the evening. |
He said He told me |
“I saw my friend yesterday” that he had seen his friend the day before. |
He said He told me
|
“We lived in Rome two years ago. My father worked there.” that they had lived in Rome two years before and explained that his father had worked there. |
He said He told me |
“I shall tell you about it tomorrow.” that he would tell me about it the next day. |
Indirect questions |
||
Special questions |
He asked (me) He wanted to know He wondered |
|
“Where do you live?” “Where does he work?” “What is Nick doing?” “What have you prepared for today?” “When did you come home yesterday?” “When will your mother come home?”
|
where I lived. where he worked. what Nick was doing. what I had prepared or that day. when I had come home the day before. when my mother would come home.
|
|
General questions
|
He asked (me) He wanted to know He wondered |
|
“Do you play chess?” “Does she go to school?” “Are you listening to me?” “Have you done your homework?” “Did you skate last winter?” “Will you see your friend tomorrow?” |
if whether |
I played chess. she went to school. I was listening to him. I had done my homework. I had skated the winter before. I should see my friend the next day. |
Запам’ятайте випадки, в яких інфінітив вживається без частки “to”: |
після модальних дієслів; після дієслів to let і to make; в складному доповненні після дієслів сприйняття: (to see, to hear, to feel, etc.); після виразів I would rather …, You had better … |
Форми інфінітиву |
||
|
Active |
Passive |
Indefinite |
to write |
to be written |
Continuous |
to be writing |
|
Perfect |
to have been written |
to have been written |
Perfect Continuous |
to have been writing |
|