Микросхемотехника / amelina_m_a_amelin_s_a_programma_shemotehnicheskogo_modeliro

ɱɢɜɚɹ ɟɝɨ ɫ ɨɞɧɨɣ ɫɬɨɪɨɧɵ. ɇɚɫɬɪɨɣɤɚ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɬɫɹ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɟɦ ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɵ ɪɟɡɢɫɬɨɪɚ R2 ɞɜɢɠɤɨɦ ɜ ɪɟɠɢɦɟ Dynamic DC ɩɪɢ ɜɤɥɸɱɟɧɧɨɣ ɞɨɩɨɥɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ

ɤɧɨɩɤɟ , ɞɨ ɬɟɯ ɩɨɪ, ɩɨɤɚ ɬɪɚɧɡɢɫɬɨɪ ɧɟ ɨɤɚɠɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɭɫɢɥɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɦ ɪɟɠɢɦɟ (LIN, HOT) ɢ ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɟ ɧɚ ɤɨɥɥɟɤɬɨɪɟ ɧɟ ɛɭɞɟɬ ɩɪɢɛɥɢɡɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɪɚɜɧɨ ɩɨ- ɥɨɜɢɧɟ ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɹ ɩɢɬɚɧɢɹ (ɫɦ. ɪɢɫ. 6.13, ɚ). ɉɨɫɥɟ ɷɬɨɝɨ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɫɧɨɜɚ ɡɚ- ɩɭɫɬɢɬɶ Transient ɚɧɚɥɢɡ ɢ ɭɛɟɞɢɬɶɫɹ ɜ ɧɚɞɥɟɠɚɳɟɣ ɪɚɛɨɬɟ ɭɫɢɥɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɤɚɫɤɚɞɚ.

ȼɨ 2-ɦ ɩɪɢɦɟɪɟ (ɪɢɫ. 6.13, ɛ) ɜɫɟ ɞɟɥɚɟɬɫɹ ɚɧɚɥɨɝɢɱɧɨ, ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɧɚɫɬɪɨɣɤɚ ɤɚɫɤɚɞɚ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɟɬɫɹ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɟɦ ɫɨɩɪɨɬɢɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɪɟɡɢɫɬɨɪɚ R1 ɜ ɰɟɩɢ ɫɬɨɤɚ ɢɥɢ ɫɦɟɳɟɧɢɹ ɧɚ ɡɚɬɜɨɪɟ — ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɹ ɛɚɬɚɪɟɢ V1. ɋɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɨɬɦɟɬɢɬɶ, ɱɬɨ ɩɪɢ ɧɚɫɬɪɨɣɤɟ ɭɫɢɥɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɤɚɫɤɚɞɨɜ ɧɚ ɆɈɉ ɬɪɚɧɡɢɫɬɨɪɚɯ (NMOS, PMOS) ɢ ɩɨɥɟɜɵɯ ɬɪɚɧɡɢɫɬɨɪɚɯ ɫ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɹɸɳɢɦ ɩɟɪɟɯɨɞɨɦ (NJFET, PJFET), ɞɥɹ ɧɨɪ-

ɦɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɭɫɢɥɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɫɜɨɣɫɬɜ ɤɚɫɤɚɞɚ ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɞɨɛɢɜɚɬɶɫɹ ɧɚɯɨɠɞɟɧɢɹ ɬɪɚɧɡɢɫɬɨɪɚ ɜ ɪɟɠɢɦɟ ɧɚɫɵɳɟɧɢɹ (SAT) ɢɥɢ ɧɟɛɨɥɶɲɨɝɨ ɩɟɪɟɝɪɟɜɚ (HOT). ɗɬɨ ɫɜɹɡɚɧɨ ɫ ɬɟɪɦɢɧɨɥɨɝɢɟɣ ɨɩɢɫɚɧɢɹ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɩɨɥɟɜɨɝɨ ɬɪɚɧɡɢɫɬɨɪɚ. ɉɨɥɨ-

ɝɢɣ ɭɱɚɫɬɨɤ ɜɵɯɨɞɧɵɯ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤ ɬɪɚɧɡɢɫɬɨɪɨɜ ɞɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɬɢɩɚ ɧɚɡɵɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɭɱɚɫɬɤɨɦ ɧɚɫɵɳɟɧɢɹ ɬɨɤɚ ɫɬɨɤɚ. ɗɬɨɬ ɭɱɚɫɬɨɤ ɢ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɧɚɯɨɠɞɟɧɢɸ ɩɪɢɛɨɪɚ ɜ ɧɨɪɦɚɥɶɧɨɦ ɭɫɢɥɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɦ ɪɟɠɢɦɟ. Ɉɞɧɚɤɨ ɨɧ ɩɨ ɩɪɢɧɹɬɨɣ ɬɟɪɦɢ- ɧɨɥɨɝɢɢ ɧɚɡɵɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɭɱɚɫɬɤɨɦ ɧɚɫɵɳɟɧɢɹ Saturation (SAT), ɚ ɤɪɭɬɨɣ ɭɱɚɫɬɨɤ — ɥɢɧɟɣɧɵɦ ɪɟɠɢɦɨɦ Linear (LIN). Ɍ.ɟ. ɭɫɢɥɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɣ ɢ ɤɥɸɱɟɜɨɣ ɪɟɠɢɦɵ ɛɢɩɨ- ɥɹɪɧɨɝɨ ɢ ɩɨɥɟɜɨɝɨ ɬɪɚɧɡɢɫɬɨɪɚ ɢɦɟɸɬ ɩɪɨɬɢɜɨɩɨɥɨɠɧɵɟ ɨɛɨɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ ɫɨ- ɫɬɨɹɧɢɣ ɜ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɟ Micro-Cap.

ȼ ɡɚɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɟ ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɨɬɦɟɬɢɬɶ, ɱɬɨ ɜ ɪɚɫɫɦɚɬɪɢɜɚɟɦɨɦ ɪɟɠɢɦɟ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɚ ɜɵɜɨɞɢɦɚɹ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɹ ɱɚɫɬɨ ɡɚɝɪɨɦɨɠɞɚɟɬ ɱɟɪɬɟɠ ɫɯɟɦɵ, ɫɨɡɞɚɜɚɹ ɧɟ- ɭɞɨɛɫɬɜɚ ɞɥɹ ɜɨɫɩɪɢɹɬɢɹ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɨɜ. ȼ ɷɬɨɦ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɩɨɫɨɜɟɬɨɜɚɬɶ

ɨɬɤɥɸɱɚɬɶ ɬɟɤɫɬɨɜɵɟ ɚɬɪɢɛɭɬɵ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɨɜ ɢ ɫɯɟɦɧɵɣ ɬɟɤɫɬ , ɚ ɬɚɤ- ɠɟ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɮɨɪɦɚɬɨɦ ɜɵɜɨɞɢɦɵɯ ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧ. Ɏɨɪɦɚɬ ɱɢɫɥɨ- ɜɵɯ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ, ɜɵɜɨɞɢɦɵɯ ɧɚ ɫɯɟɦɭ ɜ ɪɟɠɢɦɟ Dynamic DC, ɡɚɞɚɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɩɨɡɢɰɢɢ

Schematic Voltages/Current/Power ɧɚ ɡɚɤɥɚɞɤɟ Format ɨɤɧɚ Preferences .

6.5. Ⱦɢɧɚɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɚɧɚɥɢɡ ɦɚɥɨɫɢɝɧɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɩɟɪɟɞɚɬɨɱɧɵɯ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɣ ɜ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɧɨɣ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ

ȼɵɡɵɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɤɨɦɚɧɞɨɣ Analysis>Dynamic AC ɢɥɢ Alt+5. ɉɨɡɜɨɥɹɟɬ ɩɪɨ-

ɜɨɞɢɬɶ ɪɚɫɱɟɬ ɦɚɥɨɫɢɝɧɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɩɟɪɟɞɚɬɨɱɧɵɯ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɣ ɩɪɢ ɪɹɞɟ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɣ ɱɚɫɬɨɬ ɢ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɢ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɨɜ ɫɯɟɦɵ.

ɗɬɨɬ ɪɟɠɢɦ ɜɨ ɦɧɨɝɨɦ ɩɨɯɨɠ ɧɚ ɪɟɠɢɦ Dynamic DC. Ɉɬɥɢɱɢɟ ɫɨɫɬɨɢɬ ɜ ɬɨɦ, ɱɬɨ ɩɪɢ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɢ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɣ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɨɜ ɫɯɟɦɵ (R, L, C, Battery) ɜ ɟɟ

ɭɡɥɚɯ ɞɢɧɚɦɢɱɟɫɤɢ ɨɬɨɛɪɚɠɚɸɬɫɹ ɦɚɥɨɫɢɝɧɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬɵ ɩɟɪɟɞɚɱɢ ɩɨ ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɸ ɜ ɪɚɡɚɯ (ɢɥɢ ɞɟɰɢɛɟɥɚɯ) ɩɨ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɸ ɤ ɜɯɨɞɧɨɦɭ ɭɡɥɭ (ɭɡɥɭ, ɤ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɦɭ ɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɟɧ ɢɫɬɨɱɧɢɤ ɫɢɝɧɚɥɚ). ȼ ɷɬɨɦ ɪɟɠɢɦɟ ɱɟɪɟɡ ɞɢɚɥɨɝɨɜɨɟ ɨɤɧɨ Dynamic AC Limits (ɪɢɫ. 6.14) ɦɨɠɟɬ ɛɵɬɶ ɞɨɩɨɥɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɜɤɥɸɱɟɧɨ ɨɬɨ- ɛɪɚɠɟɧɢɟ ɩɟɪɟɞɚɱ ɩɨ ɬɨɤɭ ɢ ɦɨɳɧɨɫɬɢ. Ɍɚɤɠɟ ɞɥɹ ɞɢɧɚɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɨɬɨɛɪɚɠɟ- ɧɢɹ ɦɚɥɨɫɢɝɧɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɛɵɬɶ ɡɚɞɚɧ ɪɹɞ ɱɚɫɬɨɬ (ɜ ɫɩɢɫɤɟ Frequency List) ɢ ɪɹɞ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪ (Temperature List). ȼ ɷɬɨɦ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɩɟɪɟɯɨɞ ɤ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɟɣ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɟ (ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɟ) ɜ ɫɩɢɫɤɟ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɫ ɩɨɦɨɳɶɸ ɤɧɨ-

ɥɢɧɟɣɧɨɦɭ ɢɥɢ ɥɨɝɚɪɢɮɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɦɭ ɡɚɤɨɧɭ ɜ ɡɚɞɚɧɧɨɦ ɞɢɚɩɚɡɨɧɟ ɤɚɤ ɜ ɨɛɵɱ- ɧɨɦ AC ɚɧɚɥɢɡɟ.

Temperature — ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪ, ɩɪɢ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɟɬɫɹ ɚɧɚɥɢɡ. Slider Percentage Step Size — ɩɪɨɰɟɧɬɧɨɟ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɟ ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧ-

ɬɨɜ (ɫɨɩɪɨɬɢɜɥɟɧɢɣ ɪɟɡɢɫɬɨɪɨɜ, ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɣ ɛɚɬɚɪɟɣ, ɬɨɤɨɜ ɢɫɬɨɱɧɢɤɨɜ, ɢɧ- ɞɭɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɟɣ ɤɚɬɭɲɟɤ, ɟɦɤɨɫɬɟɣ ɤɨɧɞɟɧɫɚɬɨɪɨɜ ɢ ɩɪ.) ɩɪɢ ɤɚɠɞɨɦ ɧɚɠɚɬɢɢ

ɤɥɚɜɢɲ n, p ɞɨɩɨɥɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɤɥɚɜɢɚɬɭɪɵ ɢɥɢ ɩɟɪɟɦɟɳɟɧɢɢ ɞɜɢɠɤɨɜ. Complex Value Display — ɫɨɜɨɤɭɩɧɨɫɬɶ ɞɜɭɯ ɜɫɩɨɦɨɝɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɩɚɧɟɥɟɣ,

ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɸɳɢɯ ɫɩɨɫɨɛ ɢɧɞɢɤɚɰɢɢ ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɵ ɧɚ ɫɯɟɦɟ. Ʉɚɤ ɢɡɜɟɫɬɧɨ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚ- ɬɵ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɚ ɥɢɧɟɚɪɢɡɨɜɚɧɧɨɣ ɫɯɟɦɵ ɩɨ ɩɟɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɦɭ ɬɨɤɭ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɹɸɬ ɫɨ- ɛɨɣ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫɧɵɟ ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɵ. ɂɯ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ, ɤɚɤ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɨ, ɫɨɫɬɨɢɬ ɢɡ ɞɜɭɯ ɱɚɫ- ɬɟɣ, ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ, ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɬɟɥɶɧɚɹ ɢ ɦɧɢɦɚɹ ɱɚɫɬɶ ɢɥɢ ɦɨɞɭɥɶ ɢ ɚɪɝɭɦɟɧɬ ɜ ɜɢɞɟ ɭɝɥɚ. ȼ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɫ ɷɬɢɦ ɤɚɠɞɚɹ ɢɡ ɞɨɩɨɥɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɩɚɧɟɥɟɣ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɹɟɬ ɨɬɨɛɪɚɠɟɧɢɟɦ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɟɣ ɱɚɫɬɢ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫɧɨɣ ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɵ:

First Value. ɉɨɡɜɨɥɹɟɬ ɜɵɛɪɚɬɶ, ɤɚɤɭɸ ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɭ ɜɵɜɨɞɢɬɶ ɧɚ ɢɧɞɢɤɚɰɢɸ ɜ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɟ ɩɟɪɜɨɣ ɱɚɫɬɢ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫɧɨɝɨ ɱɢɫɥɚ. Ɇɨɠɧɨ ɜɵɜɟɫɬɢ:

xReal Part — ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɬɟɥɶɧɭɸ ɱɚɫɬɶ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫɧɨɣ ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɵ.

xNone — ɨɬɫɭɬɫɬɜɢɟ ɨɬɨɛɪɚɠɟɧɢɹ ɩɟɪɜɨɣ ɱɚɫɬɢ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫɧɨɣ ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɵ ɜ

ɥɸɛɵɯ ɜɢɞɚɯ.

Second Value. ɉɨɡɜɨɥɹɟɬ ɜɵɛɪɚɬɶ, ɤɚɤɭɸ ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɭ ɜɵɜɨɞɢɬɶ ɧɚ ɢɧɞɢɤɚ- ɰɢɸ ɜ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɟ ɜɬɨɪɨɣ ɱɚɫɬɢ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫɧɨɝɨ ɱɢɫɥɚ. Ɇɨɠɧɨ ɜɵɜɟɫɬɢ:

xPhase in Degrees — ɮɚɡɭ (ɚɪɝɭɦɟɧɬ) ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫɧɨɣ ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɵ ɜ ɝɪɚɞɭɫɚɯ.

xPhase in Radians — ɮɚɡɭ (ɚɪɝɭɦɟɧɬ) ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫɧɨɣ ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɵ ɜ ɪɚɞɢɚɧɚɯ.

xImaginary Part — ɦɧɢɦɭɸ ɱɚɫɬɶ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫɧɨɣ ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɵ.

xNone — ɨɬɫɭɬɫɬɜɢɟ ɢɧɞɢɤɚɰɢɢ ɜɬɨɪɨɣ ɱɚɫɬɢ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫɧɨɣ ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɵ ɜ ɥɸ-

ɛɵɯ ɜɢɞɚɯ.

Place Text: ɍɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɚ ɷɬɨɝɨ ɮɥɚɝɚ ɩɨɦɟɳɚɟɬ ɧɚ ɩɨɥɟ ɫɯɟɦɧɨɝɨ ɪɟɞɚɤɬɨɪɚ ɬɟɤɫɬɨɜɭɸ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɸ, ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɳɭɸ ɬɟɤɭɳɢɟ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɵ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɚ: ɱɚɫɬɨɬɭ, ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɭ, ɮɨɪɦɚɬ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫɧɵɯ ɱɢɫɟɥ.

Start. Ɂɚɩɭɫɤ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɚ Dynamic AC. ɇɚɠɚɬɢɟ ɧɚ ɷɬɭ ɤɧɨɩɤɭ ɡɚɩɭɫɤɚɟɬ ɚɧɚ- ɥɢɡ ɩɨ ɩɟɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɦɭ ɬɨɤɭ ɞɥɹ ɩɟɪɜɨɣ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɵ ɜ ɫɩɢɫɤɟ. ɉɨɫɥɟ ɩɟɪɜɨɝɨ ɧɚɠɚ- ɬɢɹ ɤɧɨɩɤɚ ɢɫɱɟɡɚɟɬ, ɡɚɬɨ ɩɨɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɞɜɟ ɞɪɭɝɢɯ ɤɧɨɩɤɢ: Previous (ɩɪɟɞɵɞɭ- ɳɟɟ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɵ) ɢ Next (ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɟɟ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɵ).

Previous. ɇɚɠɚɬɢɟ ɧɚ ɷɬɭ ɤɧɨɩɤɭ ɡɚɩɭɫɤɚɟɬ ɚɧɚɥɢɡ ɩɨ ɩɟɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɦɭ ɬɨɤɭ ɞɥɹ ɩɪɟɞɵɞɭɳɟɝɨ (ɩɨ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɸ ɤ ɬɟɤɭɳɟɦɭ) ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɵ ɜ ɫɩɢɫɤɟ.

Stop. Ɉɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɟɬ ɚɧɚɥɢɡ, ɧɚ ɫɯɟɦɟ ɨɫɬɚɟɬɫɹ ɢɧɞɢɤɚɰɢɹ ɪɚɫɫɱɢɬɚɧɧɵɯ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫɧɵɯ ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧ ɞɥɹ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɧɟɝɨ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɵ (ɩɟɪɟɞ ɧɚɠɚɬɢɟɦ ɤɧɨɩɤɢ). ɉɪɢ ɷɬɨɦ ɤɧɨɩɤɚ Previous ɩɟɪɟɫɬɚɟɬ ɛɵɬɶ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɨɣ, ɚ ɤɧɨɩɤɚ Next ɬɪɚɧɫɮɨɪɦɢɪɭɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɤɧɨɩɤɭ Start.

OK: ȼɵɯɨɞ ɢɡ ɞɢɚɥɨɝɨɜɨɝɨ ɨɤɧɚ Dynamic AC Limits. ɉɨɫɥɟ ɷɬɨɝɨ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɟ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɣ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɨɜ ɫɯɟɦɵ ɫ ɞɢɧɚɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɦ ɨɬɨɛɪɚɠɟ- ɧɢɟɦ ɪɟɠɢɦɚ ɩɨ ɩɟɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɦɭ ɬɨɤɭ ɞɥɹ ɬɟɤɭɳɟɝɨ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɵ ɢɡ ɫɩɢɫɤɚ.

Cancel: ȼɵɯɨɞ ɢɡ ɞɢɚɥɨɝɨɜɨɝɨ ɨɤɧɚ Dynamic AC Limits ɛɟɡ ɫɨɯɪɚɧɟɧɢɹ ɭɫ- ɬɚɧɨɜɨɤ, ɫɞɟɥɚɧɧɵɯ ɜ ɬɟɤɭɳɟɦ ɫɟɚɧɫɟ. ɉɪɢ ɷɬɨɦ ɜɵɛɪɚɧɧɵɣ ɪɟɠɢɦ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɚ ɨɫɬɚɟɬɫɹ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɵɦ, ɩɪɢ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɢ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɣ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɨɜ ɫɯɟɦɵ ɩɪɨɢɫɯɨɞɢɬ ɞɢɧɚɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɨɬɨɛɪɚɠɟɧɢɟɦ ɪɟɠɢɦɚ ɩɨ ɩɟɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɦɭ ɬɨɤɭ ɞɥɹ ɬɟɤɭɳɟɝɨ ɡɧɚ- ɱɟɧɢɹ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɵ ɢɡ ɫɩɢɫɤɚ.

Help: ȼɵɡɨɜ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ ɨɛ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɚɯ ɞɢɚɥɨɝɨɜɨɝɨ ɨɤɧɚ.

ɋɭɦɦɢɪɭɹ ɫɤɚɡɚɧɧɨɟ, ɦɨɠɧɨ ɫɤɚɡɚɬɶ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɟɟ. ɉɨɤɚ ɞɢɚɥɨɝɨɜɨɟ ɨɤɧɨ Dynamic AC Limits ɨɬɨɛɪɚɠɚɟɬɫɹ ɧɚ ɷɤɪɚɧɟ, ɤɚɠɞɨɟ ɧɚɠɚɬɢɟ ɧɚ ɤɧɨɩɤɢ Start/Next ɢɥɢ Previous ɩɪɢɜɨɞɢɬ ɤ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɸ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɚ ɩɨ ɩɟɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɦɭ ɬɨ-

ɤɭ ɞɥɹ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɟɝɨ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɵ ɫ ɨɬɨɛɪɚɠɟɧɢɟɦ ɪɚɫɫɱɢɬɚɧɧɵɯ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫɧɵɯ ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧ ɧɚ ɫɯɟɦɟ. ɉɨɫɥɟ ɡɚɤɪɵɬɢɹ ɞɢɚɥɨɝɨɜɨɝɨ ɨɤɧɚ, ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜ- ɥɹɟɦɨɝɨ ɧɚɠɚɬɢɟɦ ɤɧɨɩɤɢ ɈɄ, ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɚ ɪɟɚɝɢɪɭɟɬ ɧɚ ɥɸɛɵɟ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɫɯɟɦɟ, ɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɹ ɩɨɫɥɟ ɤɚɠɞɨɝɨ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ ɚɧɚɥɢɡ ɩɨ ɩɟɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɦɭ ɬɨɤɭ ɞɥɹ ɬɟɤɭɳɟɝɨ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɵ ɢ ɨɬɨɛɪɚɠɚɹ ɟɝɨ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɵ ɧɚ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɧɨɣ ɫɯɟ- ɦɟ. Ɇɟɧɹɬɶ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɢ ɬɨɩɨɥɨɝɢɸ ɫɯɟɦɵ (ɭɞɚɥɹɹ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɵ ɢ ɞɨɛɚɜɥɹɹ ɧɨ- ɜɵɟ), ɢ ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɵ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɨɜ ɫ ɩɨɦɨɳɶɸ ɞɜɢɠɤɨɜɵɯ ɪɟɝɭɥɹɬɨɪɨɜ (Sliders) ɢ

ɫ ɩɨɦɨɳɶɸ ɤɥɚɜɢɲ p, n ɞɨɩɨɥɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɤɥɚɜɢɚɬɭɪɵ.

Ɉɬɨɛɪɚɠɟɧɢɟ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫɧɵɯ ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧ ɧɚ ɫɯɟɦɟ ɜ ɞɚɧɧɨɦ ɪɟɠɢɦɟ ɢɦɟɟɬ ɨɞ- ɧɭ ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɶ. ɉɪɹɦɨɭɝɨɥɶɧɢɤɢ, ɜɧɭɬɪɢ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɧɚɯɨɞɢɬɫɹ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫɧɚɹ ɜɟ-

ɥɢɱɢɧɚ, ɢɦɟɸɬ ɡɚɥɢɜɤɭ (ɩɨ ɭɦɨɥɱɚɧɢɸ ɫɟɪɵɦ ɰɜɟɬɨɦ) ɞɥɹ ɨɬɥɢɱɢɹ ɨɬ ɨɬɨɛɪɚɠɟɧɢɹ ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧ ɜ ɪɟɠɢɦɟ Dynamic DC, ɜ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɦ ɩɪɹɦɨɭɝɨɥɶɧɢɤɚɦɢ

ɫ ɱɢɫɥɚɦɢ ɧɟ ɢɦɟɸɬ ɡɚɥɢɜɤɢ .

ɇɚ ɪɢɫ. 6.14 ɩɨɤɚɡɚɧ ɩɪɢɦɟɪ ɦɚɤɫɢɦɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɦɨɳɧɨɫɬɢ ɜ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɨɣ ɧɚɝɪɭɡɤɟ RL ɧɚ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɟ 4 ɝȽɰ ɩɭɬɟɦ ɩɨɞɛɨɪɚ ɟɦɤɨɫɬɟɣ ɤɨɧɞɟɧɫɚɬɨɪɨɜ C3, C4 (ɫɯɟɦɧɵɣ ɮɚɣɥ opt3.cir ɢɡ ɤɚɬɚɥɨɝɚ Analysis\Dynamic AC). ɉɪɢ ɷɬɨɦ ɢɡ ɪɟɠɢɦɚ Dynamic

AC ɜɵɡɵɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɨɩɬɢɦɢɡɚɬɨɪ ɤɨɦɚɧɞɨɣ Dynamic AC>Optimize (Ctrl+F11, ). Ɉɩɬɢɦɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɛɭɞɟɬ ɩɨɫɜɹɳɟɧ ɨɬɞɟɥɶɧɵɣ ɪɚɡɞɟɥ, ɡɞɟɫɶ ɤɪɚɬɤɨ ɨɩɢɲɟɦ ɩɪɨ- ɰɟɫɫ ɡɚɞɚɧɢɹ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɨɜ. Ɉɤɧɨ ɨɩɬɢɦɢɡɚɬɨɪɚ (ɪɢɫ. 6.15) ɫɨɞɟɪɠɢɬ ɫɥɟɞɭɸ- ɳɢɟ ɩɚɧɟɥɢ:

xFind — ɡɞɟɫɶ ɡɚɞɚɸɬɫɹ ɨɩɬɢɦɢɡɢɪɭɟɦɵɟ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɵ. ȼ ɧɚɲɟɦ ɩɪɢɦɟɪɟ — ɷɬɨ ɟɦɤɨɫɬɢ ɤɨɧɞɟɧɫɚɬɨɪɨɜ ɋ3, ɋ4. ȼ ɫɬɨɥɛɰɚɯ Low, High ɡɚɞɚɸɬɫɹ ɜɟɪɯ- ɧɢɣ (1E-15Ɏ) ɢ ɧɢɠɧɢɣ (1E-9) ɩɪɟɞɟɥɵ ɢɯ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ.

xThat — ɡɞɟɫɶ ɡɚɞɚɟɬɫɹ ɬɨ, ɱɟɝɨ ɬɪɟɛɭɟɬɫɹ ɞɨɫɬɢɝɧɭɬɶ ɜ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɟ ɨɩɬɢɦɢ- ɡɚɰɢɢ (ɢɥɢ ɰɟɥɟɜɚɹ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɹ). ȼ ɪɚɫɫɦɚɬɪɢɜɚɟɦɨɦ ɩɪɢɦɟɪɟ ɬɪɟɛɭɟɬɫɹ ɩɨ- ɥɭɱɢɬɶ ɦɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɭɸ ɦɨɳɧɨɫɬɶ ɜ ɧɚɝɪɭɡɤɟ Pd(RL).

xSettings — ɡɞɟɫɶ ɜɵɛɢɪɚɟɬɫɹ ɦɟɬɨɞ ɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɹ ɨɩɬɢɦɢɡɚɰɢɢ. ȼ MC10 (ɪɢɫ. 6.15) ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟ 4-ɯ ɦɟɬɨɞɨɜ ɨɩɬɢɦɢɡɚɰɢɢ, ɜ MC9 — ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɞɜɭɯ.

ɉɨɫɥɟ ɧɚɠɚɬɢɹ ɤɧɨɩɤɢ Optimize ɡɚɩɭɫɤɚɟɬɫɹ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫ ɨɩɬɢɦɢɡɚɰɢɢ. ɉɨɫɥɟ ɟɝɨ ɨɫɬɚɧɨɜɚ ɜ ɝɪɚɮɟ Optimized ɦɨɠɧɨ ɭɜɢɞɟɬɶ ɩɨɞɨɛɪɚɧɧɵɟ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ ɟɦɤɨ- ɫɬɟɣ. Ⱦɥɹ ɢɯ ɩɟɪɟɧɨɫɚ ɜ ɫɯɟɦɭ ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɧɚɠɚɬɶ ɤɧɨɩɤɭ Apply, ɚ ɫɥɟɞɨɦ ɡɚ ɷɬɢɦ

— Close.

Ɍɟɩɟɪɶ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɡɚɩɭɫɬɢɬɶ ɨɛɵɱɧɵɣ ɦɚɥɨɫɢɝɧɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɚɧɚɥɢɡ ɜ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɧɨɣ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ AC ɢ ɭɛɟɞɢɬɶɫɹ ɜ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɨɞɨɛɪɚɧɧɵɯ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɨɜ ɞɥɹ ɞɨɫ- ɬɢɠɟɧɢɹ ɡɚɞɚɧɧɨɣ ɰɟɥɢ (ɪɢɫ. 6.16).

ɪɚɫɱɟɬɚ ɛɭɞɭɬ ɩɨɦɟɳɚɬɶɫɹ ɜ ɬɟɤɫɬɨɜɵɣ ɮɚɣɥ <ɢɦɹ ɫɯɟɦɵ>.sen, ɫɨɞɟɪɠɢɦɨɟ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɝɨ ɛɭɞɟɬ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɧɨ ɢ ɩɨɫɥɟ ɧɚɠɚɬɢɹ ɤɧɨɩɤɢ Calculate (ɪɢɫ. 6.17, ɛ).

ɚ

ɛ

Ɋɢɫ. 6.17. ɧɚɥɢɡ ɱɭɜɫɬɜɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɟɣ ɜ ɭɫɢɥɢɬɟɥɟ ɫ ɨɛɳɢɦ ɢɫɬɨɤɨɦ

Ƚɪɭɩɩɚ ɜɯɨɞɧɵɯ ɩɟɪɟɦɟɧɧɵɯ Input Variable: ɂɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɬɫɹ ɞɥɹ ɭɤɚɡɚ-

ɧɢɹ ɫɨɜɨɤɭɩɧɨɫɬɢ ɜɯɨɞɧɵɯ ɩɟɪɟɦɟɧɧɵɯ. Ɉɩɰɢɢ ɷɬɨɣ ɩɚɧɟɥɢ ɩɨɥɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɚɧɚɥɨ- ɝɢɱɧɵ ɨɩɰɢɹɦ ɞɢɚɥɨɝɨɜɨɝɨ ɨɤɧɚ Stepping.

xComponent — ɭɤɚɡɵɜɚɟɬ ɧɚ ɩɪɨɫɬɨɣ ɜɵɛɨɪ ɨɞɧɨɝɨ ɢɡ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɨɜ ɤɨɦɩɨ- ɧɟɧɬɚ ɜ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɟ ɜɯɨɞɧɨɣ ɩɟɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɣ.

xModel — ɭɤɚɡɵɜɚɟɬ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪ ɦɨɞɟɥɢ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɚ ɜ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɟ ɜɯɨɞɧɨɣ ɩɟ- ɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɣ, ɜɚɪɢɚɰɢɹ ɡɚɬɪɚɝɢɜɚɟɬ ɜɫɟ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɵ, ɢɦɟɸɳɢɟ ɬɚɤɭɸ ɠɟ ɦɨ- ɞɟɥɶ.

xSymbolic — ɭɤɚɡɵɜɚɟɬ ɜ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɟ ɜɯɨɞɧɨɣ ɫɢɦɜɨɥɢɱɟɫɤɭɸ ɩɟɪɟɦɟɧɧɭɸ, ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɧɭɸ ɞɢɪɟɤɬɢɜɨɣ .Define.

xOne — ɜɵɛɢɪɚɟɬ ɟɞɢɧɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɣ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪ ɜ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɟ ɜɯɨɞɧɨɣ ɩɟɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɣ.

xMultiple — ɜɵɛɢɪɚɟɬ ɦɧɨɠɟɫɬɜɨ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɨɜ ɜ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɟ ɜɯɨɞɧɵɯ ɩɟɪɟɦɟɧ- ɧɵɯ. Ɍɨɱɧɟɟ, ɭɤɚɡɵɜɚɟɬ ɜ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɟ ɜɯɨɞɧɵɯ ɩɟɪɟɦɟɧɧɵɯ ɬɟ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɵ, ɤɨ- ɬɨɪɵɟ ɜɵɞɟɥɟɧɵ ɜ ɝɪɭɩɩɟ ɜɯɨɞɧɵɯ ɩɟɪɟɦɟɧɧɵɯ (ɪɢɫ. 6.17, ɛ).

Ⱦɥɹ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɬɨɝɨ, ɤɚɤɢɟ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɵ ɛɭɞɭɬ ɜɚɪɶɢɪɨɜɚɬɶɫɹ ɢɡ ɦɧɨɠɟ- ɫɬɜɚ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɨɜ (Multiple) ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɸɬɫɹ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɟ ɤɨɦɚɧɞɧɵɟ ɤɧɨɩɤɢ:

xAll On — ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɟɬ ɜɵɛɪɚɬɶ ɜ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɟ ɜɯɨɞɧɵɯ ɩɟɪɟɦɟɧɧɵɯ ɜɫɟ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬ- ɪɵ ɜɫɟɯ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɨɜ, ɱɬɨ ɨɛɵɱɧɨ ɜɟɞɟɬ ɤ ɫɨɡɞɚɧɢɸ ɜɵɯɨɞɧɨɝɨ ɮɚɣɥɚ ɛɨɥɶɲɨɝɨ ɪɚɡɦɟɪɚ.

xDefault — ɜɵɛɢɪɚɟɬ ɜ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɟ ɜɯɨɞɧɵɯ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɨɜ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɧɚɛɨɪ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɨɜ ɞɥɹ ɜɫɟɯ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɨɜ ɢɥɢ ɟɫɥɢ ɜɵɛɪɚɧɚ ɨɩɰɢɹ Model — ɬɨ ɧɚɛɨɪ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɨɜ ɜɫɟɯ ɦɨɞɟɥɟɣ. ɇɚɛɨɪ ɭɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɬɚɤɢɦ, ɱɬɨɛɵ ɨɧ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɨɜɚɥ ɧɚɢɛɨɥɟɟ ɱɚɫɬɨɦɭ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɸ.

xAll Off — ɨɬɦɟɧɹɟɬ ɜɵɛɨɪ ɜɫɟɯ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɨɜ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɨɜ ɜ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɟ ɜɯɨɞ- ɧɵɯ ɩɟɪɟɦɟɧɧɵɯ. Ɋɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɹ ɷɬɨɣ ɨɩɟɪɚɰɢɢ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɩɨɥɧɨɦɭ ɨɬɫɭɬɫɬɜɢɸ ɜɯɨɞɧɵɯ ɩɟɪɟɦɟɧɧɵɯ. ɉɨɫɥɟ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɹ ɷɬɨɣ ɤɨɦɚɧ-

ɞɵ ɧɭɠɧɵɟ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɵ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɜɵɛɪɚɬɶ ɜɪɭɱɧɭɸ ɳɟɥɱɤɨɦ ɥɟɜɨɣ ɤɥɚɜɢɲɢ ɦɵɲɢ ɩɪɢ ɧɚɠɚɬɨɣ ɤɥɚɜɢɲɟ CTRL.

Calculate — ɡɚɩɭɫɤɚɟɬ ɪɚɫɱɟɬ ɜɫɟɯ ɭɤɚɡɚɧɧɵɯ ɱɭɜɫɬɜɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɟɣ. Close — ɡɚɤɪɵɜɚɟɬ ɞɢɚɥɨɝɨɜɨɟ ɨɤɧɨ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɚ ɱɭɜɫɬɜɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ.

6.6.2. ɉɪɢɦɟɪ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɚ ɱɭɜɫɬɜɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ

Ɋɚɫɫɦɨɬɪɢɦ ɩɪɢɦɟɪ: ɞɜɚ ɜɚɪɢɚɧɬɚ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɚ ɱɭɜɫɬɜɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɫɯɟɦɵ ɭɫɢ- ɥɢɬɟɥɹ ɫ ɨɛɳɢɦ ɫɬɨɤɨɦ ɧɚ ɩɨɥɟɜɨɦ ɬɪɚɧɡɢɫɬɨɪɟ (ɫɦ. ɪɢɫ. 6.17 ɢ ɫɯɟɦɧɵɣ ɮɚɣɥ US_JFET_Ɉɂ.cir ɢɡ ɤɚɬɚɥɨɝɚ Analysis\DC Transfer Sensitivity).

ɧɚɥɢɡ ɱɭɜɫɬɜɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɨ ɩɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɨɦɭ ɬɨɤɭ ɡɚɩɭɫɤɚɟɬɫɹ ɩɨ ɤɨɦɚɧɞɟ Analysis>Sensitivity. ȼ ɝɪɚɮɟ Output ɭɤɚɡɵɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɨɞɧɨ ɢɥɢ ɧɟɫɤɨɥɶɤɨ ɜɵɪɚɠɟ- ɧɢɣ ɞɥɹ ɜɵɯɨɞɧɵɯ ɩɟɪɟɦɟɧɧɵɯ, ɤɚɠɞɨɟ ɜɵɪɚɠɟɧɢɟ ɧɚ ɨɬɞɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɬɪɨɤɟ, ɜ ɪɚɫ-

ɫɦɚɬɪɢɜɚɟɦɨɦ ɩɪɢɦɟɪɟ: Id(J1), Vgs(J1), Vd(J1), Pd(J1). ȼ ɨɤɧɟ Input Variable ɜ

ɧɚɠɚɬɢɹ ɧɚ ɩɚɧɟɥɶ Calculate ɩɨɦɟɳɚɸɬɫɹ ɜ ɝɪɚɮɭ Sensitivity. ȼ ɝɪɚɮɟ Sensitivity %/% ɩɨɦɟɳɚɸɬɫɹ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɩɪɢɪɚɳɟɧɢɹ ɜɵɯɨɞɧɨɣ ɩɟɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɣ ɜ ɩɪɨɰɟɧɬɚɯ, ɪɚɡɞɟɥɟɧɧɨɟ ɧɚ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɟ ɜɯɨɞɧɨɝɨ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɚ ɜ ɩɪɨɰɟɧɬɚɯ (ɫɦ. ɪɢɫ. 6.17, ɚ). ȼɨ ɜɬɨɪɨɦ ɜɚɪɢɚɧɬɟ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɚ ɱɭɜɫɬɜɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɭɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɮɥɚɝ Multiple ɢ ɜɵɛɢɪɚɟɬɫɹ ɦɧɨɠɟɫɬɜɨ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɨɜ ɜ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɟ ɜɯɨɞɧɵɯ ɩɟɪɟ-

ɦɟɧɧɵɯ: R3, J1.Beta, J1.Lambda, J1.VTO, R2, V2 (ɫɦ. ɪɢɫ. 6.17, ɛ). ȼ ɷɬɨɦ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɩɨɫɥɟ ɧɚɠɚɬɢɹ ɤɧɨɩɤɢ Calculate ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɵ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɚ ɛɭɞɭɬ ɩɨɦɟɳɟɧɵ ɧɟ ɜ ɬɚɛ- ɥɢɰɭ ɞɢɚɥɨɝɨɜɨɝɨ ɨɤɧɚ, ɚ ɜ ɬɟɤɫɬɨɜɵɣ ɜɵɯɨɞɧɨɣ ɮɚɣɥ US_JFET_Ɉɂ.sen, ɤɨɬɨ- ɪɵɣ ɩɨ ɡɚɜɟɪɲɟɧɢɸ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɨɜ ɜɵɜɟɞɟɬɫɹ ɧɚ ɷɤɪɚɧ (ɫɦ. ɪɢɫ. 6.17, ɛ).

6.7. Ⱥɧɚɥɢɡ ɦɚɥɨɫɢɝɧɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɩɟɪɟɞɚɬɨɱɧɵɯ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɣ ɧɚ ɩɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɨɦ ɬɨɤɟ

ȼɵɡɵɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɤɨɦɚɧɞɨɣ Analysis>Transfer Function ɢɥɢ Alt+7

ɧɚɥɢɡ Transfer Function ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɟɬ ɪɚɫɫɱɢɬɚɬɶ ɦɚɥɨɫɢɝɧɚɥɶɧɭɸ ɩɟɪɟɞɚ-

ɬɨɱɧɭɸ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɸ ɩɨ ɩɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɨɦɭ ɬɨɤɭ ɞɥɹ ɭɤɚɡɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɜɵɯɨɞɧɨɝɨ ɜɵɪɚɠɟɧɢɹ ɩɨ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɸ ɤ ɭɤɚɡɚɧɧɨɦɭ ɜɯɨɞɧɨɦɭ ɢɫɬɨɱɧɢɤɭ. ȼ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɨɬ ɜɢɞɚ

ɜɯɨɞɧɨɝɨ ɢɫɬɨɱɧɢɤɚ ɢ ɜɵɯɨɞɧɨɝɨ ɜɵɪɚɠɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɬɫɹ ɪɚɫɱɟɬ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɯ ɦɚɥɨɫɢɝɧɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɨɜ:

xɄɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬɚ ɩɟɪɟɞɚɱɢ ɩɨ ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɸ, ɟɫɥɢ ɜɯɨɞɧɨɣ ɢɫɬɨɱɧɢɤ — ɢɫɬɨɱ- ɧɢɤ ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɹ, ɜɵɯɨɞɧɨɟ ɜɵɪɚɠɟɧɢɟ — ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɟ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɭɡɥɚɦɢ.

xɄɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬɚ ɩɟɪɟɞɚɱɢ ɩɨ ɬɨɤɭ, ɟɫɥɢ ɜɯɨɞɧɨɣ ɢɫɬɨɱɧɢɤ — ɢɫɬɨɱɧɢɤ ɬɨɤɚ, ɜɵɯɨɞɧɨɟ ɜɵɪɚɠɟɧɢɟ — ɬɨɤ ɜɟɬɜɢ;

xɉɟɪɟɞɚɬɨɱɧɨɣ ɩɪɨɜɨɞɢɦɨɫɬɢ (Transconductance), ɟɫɥɢ ɜɯɨɞɧɨɣ ɢɫɬɨɱɧɢɤ — ɢɫɬɨɱɧɢɤ ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɹ, ɜɵɯɨɞɧɨɟ ɜɵɪɚɠɟɧɢɟ — ɬɨɤ ɜɟɬɜɢ;

xɉɟɪɟɞɚɬɨɱɧɨɝɨ ɫɨɩɪɨɬɢɜɥɟɧɢɹ (Transadmittance), ɟɫɥɢ ɜɯɨɞɧɨɣ ɢɫɬɨɱɧɢɤ — ɢɫɬɨɱɧɢɤ ɬɨɤɚ, ɜɵɯɨɞɧɨɟ ɜɵɪɚɠɟɧɢɟ — ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɟ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɭɡɥɚɦɢ.

ɉɪɢ ɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɢ ɞɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɜɢɞɚ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɚ ɚɜɬɨɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢ ɪɚɫɫɱɢɬɵɜɚɸɬɫɹ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɦɚɥɨɫɢɝɧɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɜɯɨɞɧɵɟ ɢ ɜɵɯɨɞɧɵɟ ɫɨɩɪɨɬɢɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɫɯɟɦɵ ɧɚ ɩɨɫɬɨ- ɹɧɧɨɦ ɬɨɤɟ.

Ⱦɥɹ ɢɡɦɟɪɟɧɢɹ ɩɟɪɟɞɚɬɨɱɧɵɯ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɣ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɚ ɞɚɟɬ ɨɱɟɧɶ ɦɚɥɨɟ ɩɪɢ- ɪɚɳɟɧɢɟ ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɟ ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɹ (ɬɨɤɚ) ɜɯɨɞɧɨɝɨ ɢɫɬɨɱɧɢɤɚ ɢ ɢɡɦɟɪɹɟɬ ɜɵɡɜɚɧ- ɧɨɟ ɷɬɢɦ ɜɨɡɦɭɳɟɧɢɟɦ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɟ ɜɵɯɨɞɧɨɝɨ ɜɵɪɚɠɟɧɢɹ. Ɂɚɬɟɦ ɜɵɱɢɫɥɹɟɬ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɟ ɷɬɢɯ ɞɜɭɯ ɩɪɢɪɚɳɟɧɢɣ. ȼɵɱɢɫɥɟɧɧɚɹ ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɚ ɢ ɟɫɬɶ ɦɚɥɨɫɢɝ- ɧɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɩɟɪɟɞɚɬɨɱɧɚɹ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɹ ɩɨ ɩɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɨɦɭ ɬɨɤɭ.

Ⱦɥɹ ɢɡɦɟɪɟɧɢɹ ɜɯɨɞɧɨɝɨ ɫɨɩɪɨɬɢɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɞɚɟɬɫɹ ɧɟɛɨɥɶɲɨɟ ɩɪɢɪɚ- ɳɟɧɢɟ ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɟ ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɹ (ɬɨɤɚ) ɜɯɨɞɧɨɝɨ ɢɫɬɨɱɧɢɤɚ ɢ ɢɡɦɟɪɹɟɬɫɹ ɫɨɨɬ- ɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɟɟ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɟ ɜɯɨɞɧɨɝɨ ɬɨɤɚ (ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɹ). Ɉɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɟ ɭɤɚɡɚɧɧɵɯ ɩɪɢɪɚɳɟɧɢɣ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬ ɫɨɛɨɣ ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɭ ɦɚɥɨɫɢɝɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɜɯɨɞɧɨɝɨ ɫɨɩɪɨ- ɬɢɜɥɟɧɢɹ.

Ⱦɥɹ ɢɡɦɟɪɟɧɢɹ ɜɵɯɨɞɧɨɝɨ ɫɨɩɪɨɬɢɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɚɟɬɫɹ ɬɟɫɬɨɜɵɣ ɢɫɬɨɱ- ɧɢɤ ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɹ ɤ ɭɡɥɚɦ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɭɤɚɡɚɧɵ ɜ ɩɨɥɟ ɜ Output Expression (ɪɢɫ. 6.18). ɇɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ, ɟɫɥɢ ɜ ɫɬɪɨɤɟ Output Expression ɡɚɩɢɫɚɧɨ ɜɵɪɚɠɟɧɢɟ V(10,20),ɬɨ ɷɬɨ ɩɪɢɜɟɞɟɬ ɤ ɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɸ ɬɟɫɬɨɜɨɝɨ ɢɫɬɨɱɧɢɤɚ ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɹ ɦɟ- ɠɞɭ ɭɡɥɚɦɢ 10 ɢ 20 ɫɯɟɦɵ.

ȿɫɥɢ ɜ Output Expression ɧɟ ɡɚɩɢɫɚɧɨ ɧɢɤɚɤɢɯ ɭɡɥɨɜ, ɚ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɢɬɫɹ ɜɵɪɚ- ɠɟɧɢɟ ɬɢɩɚ "IB(Q1)", ɜɵɯɨɞɧɨɟ ɫɨɩɪɨɬɢɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɧɟ ɛɭɞɟɬ ɪɚɫɫɱɢɬɵɜɚɬɶɫɹ ɢ ɜ ɝɪɚɮɟ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɚ ɛɭɞɟɬ ɧɚɩɟɱɚɬɚɧɨ N/A (ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɧɟɞɨɫɬɭɩɧɨ). ȿɫɥɢ ɭɡɥɵ, ɭɤɚɡɚɧɧɵɟ ɜ ɷɬɨɦ ɜɵɪɚɠɟɧɢɢ, ɩɨɞɫɨɟɞɢɧɟɧɵ ɤ ɛɚɬɚɪɟɟ, ɤɚɬɭɲɤɟ ɢɧɞɭɤɬɢɜɧɨ- ɫɬɢ ɢɥɢ ɞɪɭɝɢɦ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɚɦ, ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɟ ɧɚ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɩɪɟɞɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɨ, ɜ ɝɪɚɮɟ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɚ ɛɭɞɟɬ ɧɚɩɟɱɚɬɚɧɨ 0.0, ɩɨɫɤɨɥɶɤɭ ɫɨɩɪɨɬɢɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɭɤɚɡɚɧɧɵɯ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɨɜ ɩɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɨɦɭ ɬɨɤɭ ɪɚɜɧɵ ɧɭɥɸ. ɇɚ ɡɚɤɥɸɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɦ ɷɬɚɩɟ ɞɚɟɬɫɹ

ɦɚɥɨɟ ɩɪɢɪɚɳɟɧɢɟ ɬɟɫɬɨɜɨɦɭ ɢɫɬɨɱɧɢɤɭ ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɢɡɦɟɪɹɟɬɫɹ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɟ ɬɨɤɚ ɱɟɪɟɡ ɧɟɝɨ. Ɉɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɟ ɩɪɢɪɚɳɟɧɢɣ ɛɭɞɟɬ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɹɬɶ ɫɨɛɨɣ ɜɵɯɨɞɧɨɟ ɫɨɩɪɨɬɢɜɥɟɧɢɟ.

6.7.1. Ⱦɢɚɥɨɝɨɜɨɟ ɨɤɧɨ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɚ Transfer Function

ɉɨ ɤɨɦɚɧɞɟ Analysis>Transfer Function ɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɟɬɫɹ ɪɚɫɱɟɬ ɦɚɥɨɫɢɝ- ɧɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɩɟɪɟɞɚɬɨɱɧɵɯ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɣ ɧɚ ɩɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɨɦ ɬɨɤɟ. Ɂɚɞɚɧɢɟ ɧɚ ɪɚɫɱɟɬ ɫɨ- ɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɞɢɚɥɨɝɨɜɨɦ ɨɤɧɟ, ɩɨɤɚɡɚɧɧɨɦ ɧɚ ɪɢɫ. 6.18 (ɫɦ. ɬɚɤɠɟ ɫɯɟɦɧɵɣ ɮɚɣɥ UM_01.cir ɢɡ ɤɚɬɚɥɨɝɚ Analysis\DC Transfer Sensitivity). ȼ ɫɬɪɨɤɟ Output Expression ɭɤɚɡɵɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɜɵɪɚɠɟɧɢɟ ɞɥɹ ɜɵɯɨɞɧɨɣ ɩɟɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɣ, ɜ ɫɬɪɨɤɟ Input Source Name — ɢɦɹ ɜɯɨɞɧɨɝɨ ɢɫɬɨɱɧɢɤɚ (ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɹ ɢɥɢ ɬɨɤɚ). ȼ ɤɚɱɟ-

ɫɬɜɟ ɜɵɯɨɞɧɨɣ ɩɟɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɣ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶɫɹ ɥɸɛɚɹ ɩɟɪɟɦɟɧɧɚɹ ɢɥɢ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɹ, ɢɦɟɸɳɚɹ ɫɦɵɫɥ ɩɪɢ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɟ ɪɟɠɢɦɚ ɩɨ ɩɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɨɦɭ ɬɨɤɭ, ɧɚɩɪɢ- ɦɟɪ, ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɟ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɭɡɥɚɦɢ ɢ ȼ — V(A,B) ɢɥɢ ɬɨɤ ɜ ɪɟɡɢɫɬɨɪɟ R1 — I(R1). ȼ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɟ ɜɯɨɞɧɨɣ ɩɟɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɣ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɛɵɬɶ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɨ ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɟ ɢɥɢ ɬɨɤ ɢɫɬɨɱɧɢɤɚ ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɹ ɢɥɢ ɬɨɤɚ, ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ, VIN. Ɋɚɫɱɟɬ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɬɫɹ ɩɨɫɥɟ ɧɚɠɚɬɢɹ ɧɚ ɤɧɨɩɤɭ Calculate.

Ɋɢɫ. 6.18. Ⱦɢɚɥɨɝɨɜɨɟ ɨɤɧɨ Transfer Function ɢ ɬɟɤɫɬɨɜɚɹ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɹ ɨ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɚɯ

ɪɚɫɱɟɬɨɜ

Ɋɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɵ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɚ ɩɟɪɟɞɚɬɨɱɧɨɣ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɢ, ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ d{V(A,B)}/d{VIN}, ɜɵɜɨɞɹɬɫɹ ɜ ɫɬɪɨɤɟ Transfer Function. Ʉɪɨɦɟ ɬɨɝɨ, ɜ ɫɬɪɨɤɚɯ Input (Output) Impedance ɭɤɚɡɵɜɚɸɬɫɹ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ ɜɯɨɞɧɨɝɨ (ɜɵɯɨɞɧɨɝɨ) ɫɨɩɪɨɬɢɜɥɟɧɢɣ. ɉɪɢ ɜɵɛɨɪɟ ɨɩɰɢɢ Place Text ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɵ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɚ ɩɨɦɟɳɚɸɬɫɹ ɜ ɜɢɞɟ ɬɟɤɫɬɨɜɨɝɨ ɛɥɨɤɚ ɧɟɩɨɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ ɧɚ ɫɯɟɦɭ (ɪɢɫ. 6.18).

Ɋɟɡɸɦɟ. ȼɫɟ ɩɟɪɟɱɢɫɥɟɧɧɵɟ ɜɵɲɟ ɜ 6.3, 6.4, 6.6, 6.7 ɪɟɠɢɦɵ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɚ ɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɪɚɡ- ɧɨɜɢɞɧɨɫɬɹɦɢ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɚ ɩɨ ɩɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɨɦɭ ɬɨɤɭ ɢ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɸɬɫɹ ɩɪɢ ɢɫɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɢ ɢɡ ɫɯɟɦɵ ɤɨɧɞɟɧɫɚɬɨɪɨɜ ɢ ɡɚɤɨɪɚɱɢɜɚɧɢɢ ɤɚɬɭɲɟɤ ɢɧɞɭɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɢ.

6.8. Ⱥɧɚɥɢɡ ɧɟɥɢɧɟɣɧɵɯ ɢɫɤɚɠɟɧɢɣ ɜ MC9

Ɂɚɩɭɫɤɚɟɬɫɹ ɤɨɦɚɧɞɨɣ Analysis>Distortion ɢɥɢ Alt+8.

ɧɚɥɢɡ ɢɫɤɚɠɟɧɢɣ (Distortion) ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬ ɫɨɛɨɣ ɪɚɡɧɨɜɢɞɧɨɫɬɶ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɚ ɩɟɪɟɯɨɞɧɵɯ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɨɜ. ɉɪɢ ɷɬɨɦ ɜɢɞɟ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɚ ɤɨ ɜɯɨɞɚɦ ɫɯɟɦɵ ɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɚɟɬ- ɫɹ ɢɫɬɨɱɧɢɤ ɫɢɧɭɫɨɢɞɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɹ (ɬɨɤɚ), ɚ ɧɚ ɜɵɯɨɞɟ ɢɡɦɟɪɹɸɬɫɹ ɟɝɨ ɢɫɤɚɠɟɧɢɹ ɩɭɬɟɦ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɣ ɫɩɟɤɬɪɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɚ, ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ

IHD (Individual Harmonic Distortion).