Микросхемотехника / amelina_m_a_amelin_s_a_programma_shemotehnicheskogo_modeliro

4.Ɋɟɲɟɧɢɟ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɞɥɹ ɜɫɟɯ ɩɪɢɪɚɳɟɧɢɣ ɩɟɪɟɦɟɧɧɵɯ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɹ ɞɥɹ ɧɨɜɨɝɨ ɦɨɦɟɧɬɚ ɜɪɟɦɟɧɢ Time+DT.

5.ȿɫɥɢ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫ ɪɟɲɟɧɢɹ ɫɨɲɟɥɫɹ ɩɟɪɟɣɬɢ ɤ ɲɚɝɭ 6, ɜ ɩɪɨɬɢɜɧɨɦ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɢɞɬɢ ɤ ɲɚɝɭ 4.

6.ȿɫɥɢ ɨɲɢɛɤɚ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɚ (LTE) ɩɟɪɟɦɟɧɧɵɯ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɹ ɧɚ ɞɚɧɧɨɦ ɲɚɝɟ ɢɦɟɟɬ ɩɪɢɟɦɥɟɦɨɟ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɢɞɬɢ ɤ ɲɚɝɭ 8.

7.Ɉɬɛɪɨɫɢɬɶ ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɧɵɟ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ ɩɟɪɟɦɟɧɧɵɯ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɹ ɢ ɭɦɟɧɶɲɢɬɶ ɲɚɝ DT=DT/2, ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɶ Time=Tlast, ɢ ɩɟɪɟɣɬɢ ɤ ɲɚɝɭ 4.

8.ɍɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɶ Time=Time+DT, Tlast=Time. ȼɵɜɟɫɬɢ ɧɚ ɝɪɚɮɢɤ ɢɥɢ ɜ ɬɚɛ-

ɥɢɰɭ ɱɢɫɥɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɜɵɜɨɞɚ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ ɢɧɬɟɪɟɫɭɸɳɢɯ ɩɟɪɟɦɟɧɧɵɯ ɞɥɹ ɬɟɤɭɳɟɝɨ ɦɨɦɟɧɬɚ Time.

9.ȿɫɥɢ Time=tmax, ɡɚɜɟɪɲɢɬɶ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫ.

10.DT= maximum time step.

11.ɂɞɬɢ ɤ ɲɚɝɭ 4.

6.1.2. Ɂɚɞɚɧɢɟ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɨɜ ɦɨɞɟɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ Transient Analysis Limits

ɉɪɢ ɡɚɩɭɫɤɟ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɚ ɩɟɪɟɯɨɞɧɵɯ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɨɜ ɢɡ ɪɟɠɢɦɚ ɩɨɫɬɪɨɟɧɢɹ ɫɯɟɦɵ ɢɥɢ ɩɨɫɥɟ ɢɧɵɯ ɜɢɞɨɜ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɚ ɤɨɦɚɧɞɨɣ Analysis>Transient ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɚ ɩɪɨ- ɜɟɪɹɟɬ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɫɯɟɦɵ. ɉɪɢ ɧɚɥɢɱɢɢ ɨɲɢɛɨɤ ɜɵɜɨɞɢɬɫɹ ɢɧ- ɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɟ ɫɨɨɛɳɟɧɢɟ. ɉɪɢ ɨɬɫɭɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɨɲɢɛɨɤ ɜ ɫɯɟɦɟ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɚ ɫɨɫɬɚɜ- ɥɹɟɬ ɟɟ ɬɨɩɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɨɩɢɫɚɧɢɟ, ɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɟɬ ɩɨɞɝɨɬɨɜɤɭ ɤ ɱɢɫɥɟɧɧɨɦɭ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɭ

ɩɟɪɟɯɨɞɧɵɯ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɨɜ ɢ ɨɬɤɪɵɜɚɟɬ ɨɤɧɨ ɡɚɞɚɧɢɹ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɨɜ ɦɨɞɟɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ Transient Analysis Limits (ɪɢɫ. 6.1, ɚ). ȼ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɟɦ ɷɬɨ ɨɤɧɨ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɜɵɡɵ-

ɜɚɬɶ ɤɨɦɚɧɞɨɣ Transient>Limits, ɤɥɚɜɢɲɟɣ F9 ɢɥɢ ɩɢɤɬɨɝɪɚɦɦɨɣ .

ȼ ɨɤɧɟ ɡɚɞɚɧɢɹ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɨɜ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɚ ɩɟɪɟɯɨɞɧɵɯ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɨɜ (ɪɢɫ. 6.1, ɚ), ɢɦɟɸɬɫɹ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɟ ɪɚɡɞɟɥɵ.

Ʉɨɦɚɧɞɵ ɨɤɧɚ Transient Analysis Limits

Run — ɡɚɩɭɫɤ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɚ (ɳɟɥɱɨɤ ɧɚ ɩɢɤɬɨɝɪɚɦɦɟ ɜ ɫɬɪɨɤɟ ɢɧɫɬɪɭɦɟɧ- ɬɨɜ ɢɥɢ ɧɚɠɚɬɢɟ F2 ɬɚɤɠɟ ɡɚɩɭɫɤɚɟɬ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɹ ɦɨɞɟɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ).

Ɋɚɫɱɟɬ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɛɵɬɶ ɨɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧ ɜ ɥɸɛɨɣ ɦɨɦɟɧɬ ɧɚɠɚɬɢɟɦ ɧɚ ɩɢɤɬɨɝɪɚɦɦɭ

ɢɥɢ ɤɥɚɜɢɲɭ Esc. ɉɨɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɟ ɧɚɠɚɬɢɹ ɧɚ ɩɢɤɬɨɝɪɚɦɦɭ ɩɪɟɪɵɜɚɸɬ ɢ ɡɚɬɟɦ ɩɪɨɞɨɥɠɚɸɬ ɦɨɞɟɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ.

Add— ɞɨɛɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɟɳɟ ɨɞɧɨɣ ɫɬɪɨɤɢ ɡɚɞɚɧɢɹ ɜɵɜɨɞɚ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɨɜ ɧɚ ɝɪɚɮɢɤɢ. Ⱦɨɛɚɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɩɨɫɥɟ ɫɬɪɨɤɢ, ɨɬɦɟɱɟɧɧɨɣ ɤɭɪɫɨɪɨɦ. ȼ ɷɬɨɣ ɫɬɪɨɤɟ ɭɫ-

ɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɫɩɨɫɨɛ ɨɬɨɛɪɚɠɟɧɢɹ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɨɜ ɢ ɚɧɚɥɢɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɜɵɪɚɠɟɧɢɹ ɞɥɹ ɩɨɫɬɪɨɟɧɢɹ ɝɪɚɮɢɤɨɜ. ɉɪɢ ɧɚɥɢɱɢɢ ɛɨɥɶɲɨɝɨ ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɚ ɫɬɪɨɤ, ɧɟ ɭɦɟ- ɳɚɸɳɢɯɫɹ ɧɚ ɷɤɪɚɧɟ, ɩɨɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɥɢɧɟɣɤɚ ɩɪɨɤɪɭɬɤɢ.

Delete — ɭɞɚɥɟɧɢɟ ɫɬɪɨɤɢ ɡɚɞɚɧɢɹ ɜɵɜɨɞɚ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɨɜ, ɨɬɦɟɱɟɧɧɨɣ ɤɭɪ- ɫɨɪɨɦ.

Expand — ɨɬɤɪɵɬɢɟ ɞɨɩɨɥɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɨɤɧɚ ɞɥɹ ɜɜɨɞɚ ɬɟɤɫɬɚ ɛɨɥɶɲɨɝɨ ɪɚɡɦɟɪɚ ɩɪɢ ɪɚɫɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɢ ɤɭɪɫɨɪɚ ɜ ɨɞɧɨɣ ɢɡ ɝɪɚɮ, ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɳɢɯ ɜɵɪɚɠɟɧɢɹ,

ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ Y Expression.

PSS — ɨɬɤɪɵɬɢɟ ɨɤɧɚ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɢ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɨɜ ɧɚɯɨɠɞɟɧɢɹ ɫɬɚɰɢɨɧɚɪɧɨɝɨ ɪɟɠɢɦɚ. ɉɨɞɪɨɛɧɨɫɬɢ ɫɦ. ɜ ɪɚɡɞɟɥɟ 7.5 (ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɜ MC10).

Stepping — ɨɬɤɪɵɬɢɟ ɞɢɚɥɨɝɨɜɨɝɨ ɨɤɧɚ ɡɚɞɚɧɢɹ ɜɚɪɢɚɰɢɢ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɨɜ.

Step (ɲɚɝ) ɨɩɭɳɟɧ, ɬɨ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɟɬɫɹ ɚɧɚɥɢɡ ɩɪɢ ɞɜɭɯ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹɯ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɵ Low (ɦɢɧɢɦɚɥɶɧɨɣ) ɢ High (ɦɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɨɣ), ɟɫɥɢ ɨɩɭɳɟɧɵ ɨɛɚ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɚ Low ɢ Step, ɬɨ ɪɚɫɱɟɬ ɩɪɨɜɨɞɢɬɫɹ ɩɪɢ ɟɞɢɧɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɣ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɟ, ɪɚɜɧɨɣ High; ɩɪɢ ɜɵɛɨɪɟ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɚ List ɭɤɚɡɵɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɫɩɢɫɨɤ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪ, ɪɚɡɞɟɥɹɟɦɵɯ ɡɚɩɹɬɵɦɢ. ɉɪɢ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɢ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɵ ɢɡɦɟɧɹɸɬɫɹ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɵ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɨɜ, ɢɦɟɸɳɢɟ ɧɟɧɭɥɟɜɵɟ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɧɵɟ ɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬɵ Ɍɋ, ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɪɹɞ ɩɚɪɚ- ɦɟɬɪɨɜ ɩɨɥɭɩɪɨɜɨɞɧɢɤɨɜɵɯ ɩɪɢɛɨɪɨɜ. Ɂɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɧɨɣ ɡɞɟɫɶ ɬɟɦɩɟ- ɪɚɬɭɪɵ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶɫɹ ɜ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɯ ɜɵɪɚɠɟɧɢɹɯ, ɨɧɚ ɨɛɨɡɧɚɱɚɟɬɫɹ ɤɚɤ ɩɟɪɟɦɟɧɧɚɹ TEMP.

Retrace Runs — ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɬ ɱɢɫɥɨ ɡɚɩɭɫɤɨɜ Transient ɚɧɚɥɢɡɚ, ɤɨɬɨɪɨɟ ɛɭɞɟɬ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɨ, ɟɫɥɢ ɜɵɛɪɚɧɚ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɚ Retrace ɜ ɫɩɢɫɤɟ State Variables. ɉɪɢ ɩɟɪɜɨɦ ɡɚɩɭɫɤɟ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɬɫɹ ɧɨɪɦɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɢɧɢɰɢɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɹ ɢ ɟɫɥɢ ɬɪɟɛɭ- ɟɬɫɹ, ɪɚɫɫɱɢɬɵɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɪɚɛɨɱɚɹ ɬɨɱɤɚ ɩɨ ɩɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɨɦɭ ɬɨɤɭ. ɉɪɢ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɯ ɡɚɩɭɫɤɚɯ (ɩɨ F2 ɢɥɢ ɟɫɥɢ Retrace Runs ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɨ ɛɨɥɶɲɟ 1) ɜ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɟ ɧɚ- ɱɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɣ ɞɥɹ ɩɟɪɟɦɟɧɧɵɯ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɹ ɛɟɪɭɬɫɹ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ, ɞɨɫɬɢɝɧɭɬɵɟ ɜ ɤɨɧɰɟ ɩɪɟɞɵɞɭɳɟɝɨ ɡɚɩɭɫɤɚ.

ɋɩɨɫɨɛ ɜɵɜɨɞɚ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɨɜ ɦɨɞɟɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ

ɇɢɠɟ ɪɚɡɞɟɥɚ «ɑɢɫɥɨɜɵɟ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɵ» ɢ ɫɥɟɜɚ ɨɬ ɪɚɡɞɟɥɚ «ȼɵɪɚɠɟɧɢɹ» ɪɚɫɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɚ ɝɪɭɩɩɚ ɩɢɤɬɨɝɪɚɦɦ. Ɉɧɢ ɜɥɢɹɸɬ ɧɚ ɨɬɨɛɪɚɠɟɧɢɟ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɨɜ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɚ. ɂɦɟɸɬɫɹ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɟ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɢ:

Save and Plot — ɫɨɯɪɚɧɢɬɶ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɧɵɟ ɬɨɱɤɢ ɝɪɚɮɢɤɚ ɢ ɩɨɫɬɪɨɢɬɶ ɟɝɨ ɜ ɝɪɚɮɢɱɟɫɤɨɦ ɨɤɧɟ.

Save and Don't Plot — ɫɨɯɪɚɧɢɬɶ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɧɵɟ ɬɨɱɤɢ ɝɪɚɮɢɤɚ ɢ ɧɟ ɪɢɫɨ- ɜɚɬɶ ɟɝɨ ɜ ɝɪɚɮɢɱɟɫɤɨɦ ɨɤɧɟ.

Don't Save or Plot — ɧɟ ɫɨɯɪɚɧɹɬɶ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɧɵɟ ɬɨɱɤɢ ɝɪɚɮɢɤɚ ɢ ɧɟ ɪɢ- ɫɨɜɚɬɶ ɟɝɨ ɜ ɝɪɚɮɢɱɟɫɤɨɦ ɨɤɧɟ.

ɍɤɚɡɚɧɧɵɟ 3 ɜɚɪɢɚɧɬɚ ɜɵɜɨɞɚ ɢ ɫɨɯɪɚɧɟɧɢɹ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɭɸɬ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɜ ɜɟɪɫɢɢ

MC10.

X Log/Linear Scale — ɩɟɪɟɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɟ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɥɨɝɚɪɢɮɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɢ ɥɢɧɟɣɧɨɣ ɲɤɚɥɨɣ ɩɨ ɨɫɢ X. ɉɪɢ ɜɵɛɨɪɟ ɥɨɝɚɪɢɮɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɲɤɚɥɵ ɞɢɚɩɚɡɨɧ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ ɩɟɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɣ ɞɨɥɠɟɧ ɛɵɬɶ ɩɨɥɨɠɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɦ.

Y Log/Linear Scale — ɩɟɪɟɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɟ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɥɨɝɚɪɢɮɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɢ ɥɢɧɟɣɧɨɣ ɲɤɚɥɨɣ ɩɨ ɨɫɢ ɍ. ɉɪɢ ɜɵɛɨɪɟ ɥɨɝɚɪɢɮɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɲɤɚɥɵ ɞɢɚɩɚɡɨɧ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ ɩɟɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɣ ɞɨɥɠɟɧ ɛɵɬɶ ɩɨɥɨɠɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɦ.

Color— ɜɵɡɨɜ ɦɟɧɸ ɞɥɹ ɜɵɛɨɪɚ ɨɞɧɨɝɨ ɢɡ 64 ɰɜɟɬɨɜ ɞɥɹ ɨɤɪɚɲɢɜɚ- ɧɢɹ ɝɪɚɮɢɤɨɜ. Ƚɪɚɮɢɤ ɨɤɪɚɲɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɰɜɟɬ ɤɧɨɩɤɢ.

Numeric Output— ɩɪɢ ɧɚɠɚɬɢɢ ɷɬɨɣ ɤɧɨɩɤɢ ɜ ɬɟɤɫɬɨɜɵɣ ɜɵɯɨɞɧɨɣ ɮɚɣɥ ɡɚɧɨɫɢɬɫɹ ɬɚɛɥɢɰɚ ɨɬɫɱɟɬɨɜ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɢ, ɡɚɞɚɧɧɨɣ ɜ ɝɪɚɮɟ Y Expression. Ɂɚɩɢɫɶ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɬɫɹ ɜ ɮɚɣɥ <ɢɦɹ ɫɯɟɦɵ>.tno. Ɍɚɛɥɢɰɚ ɩɪɨɫɦɚɬɪɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɜ

ɨɤɧɟ Numeric Output (ɨɬɤɪɵɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɧɚɠɚɬɢɟɦ ɤɥɚɜɢɲɢ F5 ɢɥɢ ɤɧɨɩɤɢ ). Ʉɨ- ɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɨ ɨɬɫɱɟɬɨɜ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɢ (ɱɢɫɥɨ ɫɬɪɨɤ ɜ ɬɚɛɥɢɰɟ) ɡɚɞɚɟɬɫɹ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɨɦ

Number of Points ɜ ɪɚɡɞɟɥɟ ɑɢɫɥɨɜɵɟ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɵ.

Ɋɢɫ. 6.3. ɉɪɢɦɟɪ ɜɵɜɨɞɚ ɤɪɢɜɨɣ B(H) ɫɟɪɞɟɱɧɢɤɚ ɜ ɪɟɠɢɦɟ ɩɟɪɟɯɨɞɧɵɯ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɨɜ

Y Expression — ɦɚɬɟɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɜɵɪɚɠɟɧɢɟ ɞɥɹ ɩɟɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɣ, ɨɬɤɥɚɞɵ- ɜɚɟɦɨɣ ɩɨ ɨɫɢ Y. ɗɬɨ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɛɵɬɶ ɩɪɨɫɬɚɹ ɩɟɪɟɦɟɧɧɚɹ, ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ, ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟ- ɧɢɟ ɜ ɭɡɥɟ V(5), ɩɚɞɟɧɢɟ ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɹ ɧɚ ɞɜɭɯɩɨɥɸɫɧɨɦ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɟ V(L1), ɬɨɤ ɜɟɬɜɢ I(2,3), I(L1) ɢɥɢ ɦɚɬɟɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɜɵɪɚɠɟɧɢɟ, ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ V(VCC)*I(VCC).

Ɂɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɩɨɥɹ Y Expression ɬɚɤɠɟ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɧɟ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɡɚɞɚɜɚɬɶ ɜɪɭɱɧɭɸ, ɧɨ ɢ ɜɵɛɢɪɚɬɶ (ɩɨɥɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɢɥɢ ɮɪɚɝɦɟɧɬɚɪɧɨ) ɜ ɦɟɧɸ Variables List, ɨɬɤɪɵɜɚɸ- ɳɟɝɨɫɹ ɩɨɫɥɟ ɳɟɥɱɤɚ ɩɪɚɜɨɣ ɤɧɨɩɤɢ ɦɵɲɢ ɩɨ ɥɸɛɨɦɭ ɢɡ ɩɨɥɟɣ ɝɪɚɮɵ Y

Expression.

ɇɚ ɪɢɫ. 6.2 ɢ 6.3 ɩɪɢɜɟɞɟɧɵ ɩɪɢɦɟɪɵ ɷɬɨɝɨ ɜɫɩɥɵɜɚɸɳɟɝɨ ɦɟɧɸ, ɩɨɡɜɨ- ɥɹɸɳɟɝɨ ɜɵɛɪɚɬɶ ɢɡ ɩɪɟɞɥɚɝɚɟɦɵɯ ɫɩɢɫɤɨɜ ɩɟɪɟɦɟɧɧɵɟ, ɤɨɧɫɬɚɧɬɵ, ɮɭɧɤ- ɰɢɢ, ɨɩɟɪɚɬɨɪɵ, ɤɪɢɜɵɟ ɢɡ ɛɭɮɟɪɚ ɝɪɚɮɢɤɨɜ, ɪɚɡɦɟɳɚɟɦɵɟ ɜ ɷɬɢɯ ɝɪɚɮɚɯ ɢɥɢ ɪɚɫɲɢɪɢɬɶ ɩɨɥɟ ɞɥɹ ɜɜɨɞɚ ɞɥɢɧɧɨɣ ɮɨɪɦɭɥɵ (Expand).

ȼ ɝɪɚɮɟ Y Expression ɦɨɠɧɨ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶ ɲɚɛɥɨɧ ɞɥɹ ɜɵɜɨɞɚ ɦɧɨɠɟɫɬɜɚ ɨɞɧɨɬɢɩɧɵɯ ɜɵɪɚɠɟɧɢɣ, ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ: V([@]) — ɝɪɚɮɢɤɢ ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɣ ɧɚ ɜɫɟɯ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɚɯ ɫɯɟɦɵ (ɩɨɞɪɨɛɧɟɟ ɫɦ. ɪɚɡɞɟɥ 4.4).

X Range — ɡɚɞɚɟɬ ɦɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɨɟ ɢ ɦɢɧɢɦɚɥɶɧɨɟ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɩɟɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɣ ɏ ɧɚ ɝɪɚɮɢɤɟ, ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɪɚɫɫɬɨɹɧɢɟ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɥɢɧɢɹɦɢ ɤɨɨɪɞɢɧɚɬɧɨɣ ɫɟɬɤɢ. ȿɫɥɢ ɦɢɧɢɦɚɥɶɧɨɟ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɧɟ ɭɤɚɡɚɧɨ, ɬɨ ɨɧɨ ɫɱɢɬɚɟɬɫɹ ɪɚɜɧɵɦ ɧɭɥɸ.

Y Range — ɡɚɞɚɟɬ ɦɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɨɟ ɢ ɦɢɧɢɦɚɥɶɧɨɟ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɩɟɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɣ Y ɧɚ ɝɪɚɮɢɤɟ, ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɪɚɫɫɬɨɹɧɢɟ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɥɢɧɢɹɦɢ ɤɨɨɪɞɢɧɚɬɧɨɣ ɫɟɬɤɢ. ȿɫɥɢ ɦɢɧɢɦɚɥɶɧɨɟ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɧɟ ɭɤɚɡɚɧɨ, ɬɨ ɨɧɨ ɫɱɢɬɚɟɬɫɹ ɪɚɜɧɵɦ ɧɭɥɸ.

ɉɨɥɧɵɣ ɮɨɪɦɚɬ ɭɤɚɡɚɧɢɹ ɦɚɫɲɬɚɛɨɜ X Range ɢ Y Range ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɣ: <high> [,<low>] [,<grid spacing>] [,<bold grid spacing>]

<high> — ɦɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɨɟ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɩɟɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɣ (ɨɛɹɡɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɣ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪ). <low> — ɦɢɧɢɦɚɥɶɧɨɟ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɩɟɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɣ (ɧɟɨɛɹɡɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɣ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪ).

ɉɨ ɭɦɨɥɱɚɧɢɸ ɭɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɧɭɥɟɜɨɟ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ.

[,<grid spacing>] – ɭɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɟɬ ɪɚɫɫɬɨɹɧɢɟ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɥɢɧɢɹɦɢ ɤɨɨɪɞɢɧɚɬ- ɧɨɣ ɫɟɬɤɢ (ɧɟɨɛɹɡɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɣ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪ).

[,<bold grid spacing>] – ɭɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɟɬ ɪɚɫɫɬɨɹɧɢɟ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɭɬɨɥɳɟɧɧɵɦɢ ɥɢɧɢɹɦɢ ɤɨɨɪɞɢɧɚɬɧɨɣ ɫɟɬɤɢ (ɧɟɨɛɹɡɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɣ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪ).

Ⱦɜɚ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɧɢɯ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɚ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɸɬɫɹ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɧɚ ɥɢɧɟɣɧɵɯ ɲɤɚɥɚɯ. Ʌɨ-

ɝɚɪɢɮɦɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɲɤɚɥɚ ɩɨ ɭɦɨɥɱɚɧɢɸ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɬ ɪɚɫɫɬɨɹɧɢɟ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɥɢɧɢɹɦɢ ɞɨɩɨɥɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɟɬɤɢ, ɪɚɜɧɨɟ 1/9 ɪɚɫɫɬɨɹɧɢɟ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɥɢɧɢɹɦɢ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɨɣ.

Ʉɪɨɦɟ ɱɢɫɥɨɜɵɯ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɣ ɜ ɩɨɥɟ X range ɦɨɠɧɨ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɶ Auto,

AutoAlways ɢɥɢ TMAX,TMIN, ɚ ɜ ɩɨɥɟ Y range ɦɨɠɧɨ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɶ Auto ɢɥɢ

AutoAlways. ɗɬɢ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ ɜɵɛɢɪɚɸɬɫɹ ɢɡ ɞɨɩɨɥɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɦɟɧɸ, ɜɵɡɵɜɚɟɦɨ-

ɝɨ ɧɚɠɚɬɢɟɦ ɩɪɚɜɨɣ ɤɥɚɜɢɲɟɣ ɦɵɲɢ ɜ ɤɚɠɞɨɦ ɢɡ ɩɨɥɟɣ ɢɥɢ ɥɟɜɨɣ ɤɥɚɜɢɲɟɣ ɦɵɲɢ ɜ ɡɚɝɨɥɨɜɤɟ ɤɨɥɨɧɤɢ ɩɨɥɟɣ. ȼ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɧɟɦ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɜɵɛɪɚɧɧɨɟ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɭɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɫɪɚɡɭ ɜɨ ɜɫɟɯ ɩɨɥɹɯ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɟɣ ɤɨɥɨɧɤɢ.

ɍɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɚ Auto ɜ ɩɨɡɢɰɢɢ X range (Y range) ɩɪɢɜɨɞɢɬ ɤ ɚɜɬɨɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɦɭ ɦɚɫɲɬɚɛɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɸ ɩɨ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɟɣ ɨɫɢ. ȼ ɷɬɨɦ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɫɧɚɱɚɥɚ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɹ- ɟɬɫɹ ɦɨɞɟɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ, ɜ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɟ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɝɨ ɝɪɚɮɢɤɢ ɫɬɪɨɹɬɫɹ ɜ ɫɬɚɧɞɚɪɬɧɨɦ ɦɚɫɲɬɚɛɟ, ɚ ɡɚɬɟɦ ɷɬɢ ɝɪɚɮɢɤɢ ɚɜɬɨɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢ ɩɟɪɟɫɬɪɚɢɜɚɸɬɫɹ. ɉɨɥɭɱɟɧɧɵɟ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ ɦɚɫɲɬɚɛɚ ɡɚɧɨɫɹɬɫɹ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɨɣ ɜ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɟ ɩɨɥɹ X range (Y range) ɢ ɩɪɢ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɯ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɚɯ ɚɜɬɨɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɨɛɧɨɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɛɨɥɶɲɟ ɧɟ ɩɪɨɢɫɯɨɞɢɬ.

ɍɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɚ AutoAlways ɜ ɩɨɡɢɰɢɢ X range (Y range) ɩɪɢɜɨɞɢɬ ɤ ɚɜɬɨɦɚɬɢ- ɱɟɫɤɨɦɭ ɦɚɫɲɬɚɛɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɸ ɩɨ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɟɣ ɨɫɢ ɤɚɠɞɵɣ ɪɚɡ ɩɪɢ ɩɨɜɬɨɪɟ- ɧɢɢ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɚ. ɧɚɥɨɝɢɱɧɵɣ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬ ɞɚɟɬ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɚ ɮɥɚɝɚ Auto Scale Ranges

ɜ ɨɤɧɟ Transient Analysis Limits. ȼ ɷɬɨɦ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɩɨɥɹ X range ɢ Y range ɦɨɠɧɨ ɜɨɨɛɳɟ ɧɟ ɡɚɩɨɥɧɹɬɶ — ɷɬɨ ɫɞɟɥɚɟɬ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɚ. ɍɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɚ ɷɬɨɝɨ ɮɥɚɝɚ ɩɪɢ-

ɜɨɞɢɬ ɤ ɚɜɬɨɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɦɭ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɭ ɦɚɫɲɬɚɛɨɜ ɜɫɟɯ ɝɪɚɮɢɤɨɜ ɩɨ ɜɫɟɦ ɨɫɹɦ ɢ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɟɦɭ ɨɛɧɨɜɥɟɧɢɸ ɩɨɥɟɣ X Range ɢ Y Range ɩɪɢ ɤɚɠɞɨɦ ɩɨɜɬɨ- ɪɟɧɢɢ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɚ.

ɍɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɚ TMAX,TMIN ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɬ ɜ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɟ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ ɩɨɥɹ X range ɩɚ- ɪɚɦɟɬɪɵ, ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɧɵɟ ɪɚɧɟɟ ɜ ɩɨɥɟ Time Range.

ȼ ɜɟɪɫɢɢ MC10 ɜ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɫ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɟɦ ɢɧɬɟɪɩɪɟɬɚɰɢɢ ɩɨɥɹ Time

Range ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧ ɢ ɜɫɬɪɨɟɧɧɵɣ ɦɚɫɲɬɚɛ TMAX, TMIN ɩɨ ɨɫɢ ɚɛɫɰɢɫɫ ɧɚ TMAX, TSTART. ɧɚɥɢɡ ɜɫɟɝɞɚ ɧɚɱɢɧɚɟɬɫɹ ɫ ɧɭɥɟɜɨɝɨ ɦɨɦɟɧɬɚ ɜɪɟɦɟɧɢ T=0, ɧɨ ɬɨɱ- ɤɢ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ ɞɨ ɦɨɦɟɧɬɚ ɜɪɟɦɟɧɢ TSTART ɧɟ ɜɵɜɨɞɹɬɫɹ ɧɚ ɝɪɚɮɢɤ.

ɉɨɞɨɝɧɚɬɶ ɦɚɫɲɬɚɛ ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɧɵɯ ɝɪɚɮɢɤɨɜ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɧɟ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɞɨ ɢɯ ɩɨ- ɫɬɪɨɟɧɢɹ, ɧɨ ɢ ɩɨɫɥɟ. Ⱦɥɹ ɷɬɨɝɨ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɬɫɹ ɤɨɦɚɧɞɚ Scope>Auto Scale (ɢɥɢ

F6, ). Ɉɧɚ ɩɪɢɜɨɞɢɬ ɤ ɚɜɬɨɦɚɫɲɬɚɛɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɸ ɜɫɟɯ ɩɨɫɬɪɨɟɧɧɵɯ ɝɪɚɮɢɤɨɜ ɛɟɡ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɨɜ ɦɚɫɲɬɚɛɚ ɜ ɨɤɧɟ ɜɵɪɚɠɟɧɢɣ. Ʉɨɦɚɧɞɚ Ctrl+Home ɜɨɫɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɟɬ ɦɚɫɲɬɚɛ ɝɪɚɮɢɤɨɜ, ɭɤɚɡɚɧɧɵɣ ɜ ɨɤɧɟ ɜɵɪɚɠɟɧɢɣ. Ʉɨɦɚɧɞɚ Scope>Auto Scale ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɬ ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɨ ɞɟɥɟɧɢɣ ɤɨɨɪɞɢɧɚɬɧɨɣ ɫɟɬɤɢ, ɭɤɚ- ɡɚɧɧɨɟ ɜ ɨɤɧɟ Properties (F10) ɩɨ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɟɦɭ ɚɞɪɟɫɭ Scales and

Formats>Auto/Static Grids.

ɋɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɨɛɪɚɬɢɬɶ ɜɧɢɦɚɧɢɟ, ɱɬɨ ɟɫɬɶ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɶ ɚɜɬɨɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɩɪɨ- ɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɢ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɨɜ ɫɪɚɡɭ ɜɨ ɜɫɟɯ ɩɨɥɹɯ ɝɪɚɮ X Expression, Y Expression,

X Range ɢ Y Range. Ⱦɥɹ ɷɬɨɝɨ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɵɟ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɢ ɧɭɠɧɨ ɜɵɛɪɚɬɶ ɢɡ ɨɤɧɚ ɦɟɧɸ, ɩɨɹɜɥɹɸɳɟɝɨɫɹ ɩɪɢ ɧɚɠɚɬɢɢ ɥɟɜɨɣ ɤɥɚɜɢɲɟɣ ɦɵɲɢ ɧɚ ɡɚɝɨɥɨɜɤɟ ɫɨɨɬ- ɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɟɝɨ ɫɬɨɥɛɰɚ. ɗɬɚ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɹ ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨ ɭɞɨɛɧɚ ɞɥɹ ɡɚɞɚɧɢɹ ɚɜɬɨɦɚɬɢ- ɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɞɢɚɩɚɡɨɧɨɜ X Range ɢ Y Range ɫɪɚɡɭ ɞɥɹ ɜɫɟɯ ɜɵɪɚɠɟɧɢɣ.

Ɉɩɰɢɢ ɨɤɧɚ Transient Analysis Limits

Run Options — ɨɩɰɢɢ ɫɨɯɪɚɧɟɧɢɹ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɨɜ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɨɜ: Normal — ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɵ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɨɜ ɧɟ ɫɨɯɪɚɧɹɸɬɫɹ,

Save — ɫɨɯɪɚɧɟɧɢɟ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɨɜ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɨɜ ɜ ɛɢɧɚɪɧɨɦ ɮɚɣɥɟ <ɢɦɹ ɫɯɟɦɵ>.tsa,

Retrieve — ɫɱɢɬɵɜɚɧɢɟ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɧɢɯ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɨɜ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɚ ɢɡ ɮɚɣɥɚ <ɢɦɹ ɫɯɟɦɵ>.tsa, ɫɨɡɞɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɪɚɧɟɟ. ɉɪɢ ɷɬɨɦ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɬɫɹ ɩɨ- ɫɬɪɨɟɧɢɟ ɝɪɚɮɢɤɨɜ ɢ ɬɚɛɥɢɰ ɩɟɪɟɯɨɞɧɵɯ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɨɜ, ɤɚɤ ɩɨɫɥɟ ɨɛɵɱ- ɧɨɝɨ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɚ.

State Variables — ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɚ ɧɚɱɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɣ:

Zero — ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɚ ɧɭɥɟɜɵɯ ɧɚɱɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɣ ɞɥɹ ɩɨɬɟɧɰɢɚɥɨɜ ɜɫɟɯ ɚɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɯ ɭɡɥɨɜ ɢ ɬɨɤɨɜ ɱɟɪɟɡ ɢɧɞɭɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɢ ɢ ɧɭɥɟɜɵɯ ɢɥɢ ɧɟɨɩ- ɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɧɵɯ ɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɣ «X» ɞɥɹ ɰɢɮɪɨɜɵɯ ɭɡɥɨɜ,

Read — ɱɬɟɧɢɟ ɧɚɱɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɣ ɢɡ ɛɢɧɚɪɧɨɝɨ ɮɚɣɥɚ <ɢɦɹ ɫɯɟ- ɦɵ>.top, ɫɨɡɞɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɫ ɩɨɦɨɳɶɸ State Variables Editor, ɩɟɪɟɞ ɤɚɠɞɵɦ ɧɨɜɵɦ ɡɚɩɭɫɤɨɦ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɚ, ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɩɪɢ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɢ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɵ ɢɥɢ ɞɪɭɝɨɝɨ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɚ,

Leave — ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɚ ɜ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɟ ɧɚɱɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɣ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɣ, ɩɨɥɭ- ɱɟɧɧɵɯ ɩɪɢ ɨɤɨɧɱɚɧɢɢ ɩɪɟɞɵɞɭɳɟɝɨ ɫɟɚɧɫɚ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɚ. ɉɪɢ ɩɟɪɜɨɦ ɡɚ- ɩɭɫɤɟ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɚ ɨɧɢ ɩɨɥɚɝɚɸɬɫɹ ɧɭɥɟɜɵɦɢ. ɉɪɢ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɯ ɫɟɚɧɫɚɯ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɚ (ɛɟɡ ɜɨɡɜɪɚɬɚ ɜ ɫɯɟɦɧɵɣ ɪɟɞɚɤɬɨɪ) ɨɧɢ ɪɚɜɧɵ ɤɨɧɟɱɧɵɦ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹɦ ɜ ɩɪɟɞɵɞɭɳɟɦ ɫɟɚɧɫɟ. ȿɫɥɢ ɜ ɩɪɟɞɵɞɭɳɟɦ ɫɟɚɧɫɟ ɪɚɫ- ɫɱɢɬɵɜɚɥɫɹ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɪɟɠɢɦ ɩɨ ɩɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɨɦɭ ɬɨɤɭ, ɬɨ ɜ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɟ ɧɚ- ɱɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɣ ɛɭɞɭɬ ɩɪɢɧɹɬɵ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɵ ɷɬɨɝɨ ɪɟɠɢɦɚ.

Retrace — ɡɚɩɭɫɤ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɚ N ɪɚɡ, ɝɞɟ N — ɱɢɫɥɨ, ɭɤɚɡɚɧɧɨɟ ɜ ɩɨɡɢɰɢɢ Retrace Runs. ɉɪɢ ɩɟɪɜɨɦ ɡɚɩɭɫɤɟ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɬɫɹ ɧɨɪɦɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɢɧɢ- ɰɢɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɹ ɢ ɟɫɥɢ ɬɪɟɛɭɟɬɫɹ, ɪɚɫɫɱɢɬɵɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɪɚɛɨɱɚɹ ɬɨɱɤɚ ɩɨ ɩɨ- ɫɬɨɹɧɧɨɦɭ ɬɨɤɭ. ɉɪɢ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɯ ɡɚɩɭɫɤɚɯ (ɩɨ F2 ɢɥɢ ɟɫɥɢ Retrace Runs ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɨ ɛɨɥɶɲɢɦ 1) ɜ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɟ ɧɚɱɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɣ ɞɥɹ ɩɟɪɟɦɟɧɧɵɯ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɹ ɛɟɪɭɬɫɹ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ, ɞɨɫɬɢɝɧɭɬɵɟ ɜ ɤɨɧɰɟ ɩɪɟ- ɞɵɞɭɳɟɝɨ ɡɚɩɭɫɤɚ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɚ.

Operating Point — ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɟ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɚ ɪɟɠɢɦɚ ɩɨ ɩɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɨɦɭ ɬɨɤɭ ɩɟ- ɪɟɞ ɧɚɱɚɥɨɦ ɤɚɠɞɨɝɨ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɚ ɩɟɪɟɯɨɞɧɵɯ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɨɜ. Ⱦɚɧɧɵɟ ɷɬɨɝɨ ɪɟɠɢɦɚ ɡɚɦɟɧɹɸɬ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ ɜɫɟɯ ɧɚɱɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɣ, ɟɫɥɢ ɨɧɢ ɛɵɥɢ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɵ (ɫɪɚɜɧɢɬɟ ɧɚ ɪɢɫ. 6.1 ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɵ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɚ ɩɪɢ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɧɨɣ ɢ ɫɛɪɨɲɟɧɧɨɣ ɨɩɰɢɢ Operating Point). ɋɦ. ɬɚɤɠɟ ɫɯɟɦɧɵɟ ɮɚɣɥɵ Tran_Op_Point_01, Tran_Op_Point_02 ɢɡ ɤɚɬɚɥɨɝɚ Book-mc\Analysis\Transient.

Operating Point Only — ɪɚɫɱɟɬ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɪɟɠɢɦɚ ɩɨ ɩɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɨɦɭ ɬɨɤɭ (ɪɚɫ- ɱɟɬ ɩɟɪɟɯɨɞɧɵɯ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɨɜ ɧɟ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɬɫɹ).

Auto Scale Ranges — ɩɪɢɫɜɨɟɧɢɟ ɩɪɢɡɧɚɤɚ ɚɜɬɨɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɦɚɫɲɬɚɛɢ- ɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ «Auto» ɩɨ ɨɫɹɦ X ɢ Y ɞɥɹ ɤɚɠɞɨɝɨ ɧɨɜɨɝɨ ɜɚɪɢɚɧɬɚ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɨɜ. ȿɫɥɢ ɷɬɚ ɨɩɰɢɹ ɜɵɤɥɸɱɟɧɚ, ɬɨ ɩɪɢɧɢɦɚɸɬɫɹ ɜɨ ɜɧɢɦɚɧɢɟ ɦɚɫɲɬɚɛɵ, ɭɤɚɡɚɧɧɵɟ ɜ ɝɪɚɮɚɯ X Range, Y Range.

Accumulate Plots — ɧɚɤɨɩɥɟɧɢɟ ɝɪɚɮɢɤɨɜ ɜ ɝɪɚɮɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɨɤɧɚɯ ɩɪɢ ɪɟɞɚɤ- ɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɫɯɟɦɵ ɜ ɨɞɧɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɨ ɨɬɤɪɵɬɨɦ ɨɤɧɟ ɫɯɟɦɧɨɝɨ ɪɟɞɚɤɬɨɪɚ, ɩɪɢ ɪɟ- ɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɤɟ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɨɜ ɫ ɩɨɦɨɳɶɸ ɞɜɢɠɤɨɜ, ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɩɪɢ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɢ ɨɩɰɢɣ ɨɤɧɚ

Analysis Limits. Ʉɨɦɚɧɞɚ Clear Accumulated Plots ɩɪɢɜɟɞɟɬ ɤ ɨɱɢɫɬɤɟ ɝɪɚ- ɮɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɨɤɨɧ ɨɬ ɧɚɤɨɩɥɟɧɧɵɯ ɤɪɢɜɵɯ ɩɪɢ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɟɦ ɡɚɩɭɫɤɟ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɚ. ȼ ɩɪɢɦɟɪɟ ɪɢɫ. 6.1 ɩɪɢ ɜɤɥɸɱɟɧɧɨɣ ɨɩɰɢɢ Accumulate Plots ɩɪɨɜɨɞɢɥɨɫɶ ɞɜɚ ɡɚ- ɩɭɫɤɚ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɚ (ɨɞɢɧ — ɩɪɢ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɧɨɦ, ɞɪɭɝɨɣ — ɩɪɢ ɫɧɹɬɨɦ ɮɥɚɠɤɟ Operating Point). Ɉɛɚ ɜɚɪɢɚɧɬɚ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɧɵ ɜ ɝɪɚɮɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɨɤɧɚɯ (ɫɦ. ɪɢɫ. 6.1).

Fixed Time Step (ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɜ MC10)— ɭɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɟɬ ɮɢɤɫɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɣ ɲɚɝ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɚ, ɪɚɜɧɵɣ ɲɚɝɭ, ɭɤɚɡɚɧɧɨɦɭ ɜ ɝɪɚɮɟ Maximum Time Step. ɗɬɚ ɨɩɰɢɹ ɜɜɟ-

ɞɟɧɚ ɞɥɹ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɢ ɢɡɭɱɟɧɢɹ ɬɟɨɪɢɢ ɦɟɬɨɞɨɜ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɚ ɢ ɜ ɨɛɵɱɧɵɯ ɫɥɭɱɚɹɯ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɚ ɧɟ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɬɫɹ. Ɉɛɵɱɧɵɣ ɚɥɝɨɪɢɬɦ ɫ ɚɜɬɨɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɦ ɜɵɛɨɪɨɦ ɲɚɝɚ, ɨɫɧɨɜɚɧɧɵɣ ɧɚ ɞɨɩɭɫɬɢɦɨɣ ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɟ LTE (local truncation error) ɧɚɦɧɨɝɨ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɟɧ.

Periodic Steady State (ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɜ MC10) — ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɬɚɤ ɧɚɡɵɜɚɟɦɨɝɨ «ɫɟɪɢɣɧɨɝɨ» ɦɟɬɨɞɚ ɞɥɹ ɭɫɬɪɚɧɟɧɢɹ ɩɟɪɟɯɨɞɧɵɯ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɨɜ ɩɪɢ ɩɟɪɢɨɞɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɜɨɡɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹɯ ɢ ɧɚɯɨɠɞɟɧɢɹ ɫɬɚɰɢɨɧɚɪɧɨɝɨ ɪɟɠɢɦɚ. Ɍɚɤɚɹ ɪɚɡɧɨɜɢɞɧɨɫɬɶ ɚɧɚ-

ɥɢɡɚ ɩɟɪɟɯɨɞɧɵɯ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɨɜ ɫ ɩɨɢɫɤɨɦ ɫɬɚɰɢɨɧɚɪɧɨɝɨ ɪɟɠɢɦɚ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɚ ɩɪɢ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɟ ɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬɚ ɧɟɥɢɧɟɣɧɵɯ ɢ ɢɧɬɟɪɦɨɞɭɥɹɰɢɨɧɧɵɯ ɢɫɤɚɠɟɧɢɣ ɜ ɭɫɢ- ɥɢɬɟɥɹɯ, ɞɥɹ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɚ ɫɯɟɦ ɫ ɩɟɪɢɞɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɤɨɦɦɭɬɚɰɢɟɣ (ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ ɂɂȼɗɉ, ɫɯɟɦ ɧɚ ɩɟɪɟɤɥɸɱɚɟɦɵɯ ɤɨɧɞɟɧɫɚɬɨɪɚɯ), ɢ ɪɚɞɢɨɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜ. ȿɫɥɢ ɜɵɛɪɚɧɚ ɷɬɚ ɨɩɰɢɹ, ɬɨ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɚ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɟɬ ɧɟɫɤɨɥɶɤɨ ɫɟɪɢɣ ɨɛɵɱɧɨɝɨ ɪɚɫɱɟ- ɬɚ ɩɟɪɟɯɨɞɧɵɯ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɨɜ, ɢ ɜɵɛɢɪɚɟɬ ɢɡ ɧɢɯ ɬɭ ɢɬɟɪɚɰɢɸ (ɨɛɵɱɧɨ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɧɸɸ), ɤɨɬɨɪɚɹ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɫɬɚɰɢɨɧɚɪɧɨɦɭ ɪɟɠɢɦɭ. ȼɨ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɹ ɬɚɤɨɝɨ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɚ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɭɜɢɞɟɬɶ ɧɚ ɷɤɪɚɧɟ ɝɪɚɮɢɤɢ ɜɫɟɯ ɫɟɪɢɣ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɚ, ɚ ɜ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚ- ɰɢɨɧɧɨɣ ɫɬɪɨɤɟ —ɨɲɢɛɤɭ ɧɚ ɬɟɤɭɳɟɣ ɢɬɟɪɚɰɢɢ. ȼ ɤɨɧɰɟ ɬɟɤɫɬɨɜɨɣ ɫɬɪɚɧɢɰɵ ɫɯɟɦɧɨɝɨ ɮɚɣɥɚ Info ɩɨɫɥɟ ɡɚɩɭɫɤɚ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɚ ɜɫɟɝɞɚ ɩɟɪɟɱɢɫɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɢɬɟɪɚɰɢɢ PSS ɢ ɢɯ ɨɲɢɛɤɚ. Ȼɨɥɟɟ ɩɨɞɪɨɛɧɨ ɨɛ ɨɩɰɢɢ PSS ɫɦ. 7.5. ɉɪɢɦɟɪ ɧɚɯɨɠɞɟɧɢɹ ɫɬɚɰɢɨɧɚɪɧɨɝɨ ɪɟɠɢɦɚ ɰɟɩɢ ɫ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟɦ PSS ɫɦ. ɜ ɫɯɟɦɧɨɦ ɮɚɣɥɟ

Tran_Op_Point_02_PSS(MC10) ɢɡ ɤɚɬɚɥɨɝɚ Book-mc\Analysis\Transient.

ɂɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɟ ɪɚɡɦɟɪɨɜ ɨɤɧɚ Analysis Limits

Ⱥɜɬɨɦɚɫɲɬɚɛɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɞɢɚɥɨɝɨɜɨɝɨ ɨɤɧɚ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɧɚɠɚɬɢɟɦ ɧɚ

ɤɧɨɩɤɭ . ɉɪɢɜɨɞɢɬ ɤ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɟ ɪɚɡɦɟɪɨɜ ɞɢɚɥɨɝɨɜɨɝɨ ɨɤɧɚ ɜ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɫ ɞɥɢɧɨɣ ɦɚɬɟɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɜɵɪɚɠɟɧɢɣ.

Ɋɭɱɧɨɟ ɦɚɫɲɬɚɛɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɨɤɧɚ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɫɬɚɧɞɚɪɬɧɵɦ ɫɩɨɫɨ- ɛɨɦ — ɩɪɨɬɹɠɤɨɣ ɦɵɲɶɸ ɩɪɚɜɨɝɨ ɧɢɠɧɟɝɨ ɭɝɥɚ ɨɤɧɚ, ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɟɦ ɪɚɡɦɟɪɚ ɩɨɥɟɣ ɜ ɩɨɥɟ ɝɪɚɮɢɤɨɜ ɩɭɬɟɦ ɩɪɨɬɹɠɤɢ ɥɟɜɨɣ ɤɥɚɜɢɲɟɣ ɦɵɲɢ ɪɚɡ-

ɞɟɥɢɬɟɥɟɣ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɩɨɥɹɦɢ Page, P, X Expression, Y Expression, X Range, Y Range.

6.1.3. Ɇɟɧɸ ɪɟɠɢɦɨɜ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɚ ɩɟɪɟɯɨɞɧɵɯ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɨɜ Transient

ɉɨɫɥɟ ɩɟɪɟɯɨɞɚ ɜ ɪɟɠɢɦ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɚ ɩɟɪɟɯɨɞɧɵɯ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɨɜ ɜ ɜɟɪɯɧɟɣ ɫɬɪɨ- ɤɟ ɝɥɚɜɧɨɝɨ ɨɤɧɚ ɩɨɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɧɨɜɨɟ ɦɟɧɸ Transient (ɪɢɫ. 6.4), ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɳɟɟ

ɩɭɧɤɬɵ RUN, Limits, Stepping, Optimize, Analysis Window, Watch, Breakpoints, Operating Point Methods, 3D Windows, Performance Windows, FFT Windows,

Slider, Numeric Output, State Variables Editor, Reduce Data Points. ɋɨɫɬɚɜ ɷɬɢɯ ɤɨɦɚɧɞ ɨɞɢɧɚɤɨɜ ɞɥɹ ɜɫɟɯ ɜɢɞɨɜ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɚ.

ɇɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɩɭɧɤɬɨɜ ɦɟɧɸ Transient Run (F2, ) — ɡɚɩɭɫɤɚɟɬ ɚɧɚɥɢɡ.

Limits (F9, ) — ɨɬɤɪɵɜɚɟɬ ɞɢɚɥɨɝɨɜɨɟ ɨɤɧɨ Analysis Limits.

Stepping (F11, ) — ɨɬɤɪɵɜɚɟɬ ɞɢɚɥɨɝɨɜɨɟ ɨɤɧɨ ɦɧɨɝɨɜɚɪɢɚɧɬɧɨɝɨ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɚ Stepping.

Optimize (CTRL+F11, ) — ɨɬɤɪɵɜɚɟɬ ɨɤɧɨ ɡɚɞɚɧɢɹ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɨɜ ɨɩɬɢ- ɦɢɡɚɰɢɢ.

Ɋɢɫ. 6.4. ɉɭɧɤɬɵ ɦɟɧɸ Transient

Analysis Window (F4, ) — ɩɪɢɜɨɞɢɬ ɤ ɩɨɤɚɡɭ ɩɨɫɬɪɨɟɧɧɵɯ ɝɪɚɮɢɤɨɜ ɧɚ ɷɤɪɚɧɟ. ȼɤɥɸɱɚɟɬɫɹ ɚɜɬɨɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢ ɩɨɫɥɟ ɡɚɩɭɫɤɚ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɚ.

Watch (CTRL+W) — ɩɪɢɜɨɞɢɬ ɤ ɨɬɤɪɵɜɚɧɢɸ ɨɤɧɚ Watch, ɝɞɟ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɨɩɪɟ- ɞɟɥɢɬɶ ɜɵɪɚɠɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɩɟɪɟɦɟɧɧɵɟ, ɜɵɜɨɞɢɦɵɟ ɜ ɷɬɨɦ ɨɤɧɟ ɩɪɢ ɧɚɠɚɬɨɣ ɤɧɨɩ-

ɬɚɧɨɜɚ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɚ Breakpoints. Ɍɨɱɤɢ ɪɚɡɪɵɜɚ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɹɸɬ ɫɨɛɨɣ ɛɭɥɟɜɵ ɜɵ- ɪɚɠɟɧɢɹ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɩɟɪɟɜɨɞɹɬ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɭ ɜ ɪɟɠɢɦ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɚ ɨɞɧɨɣ ɬɨɱɤɢ ɧɚ ɤɚɠ-

ɞɵɣ ɡɚɩɭɫɤ ɩɪɢ ɧɚɠɚɬɢɢ (CTRL+Space), ɬɚɤ ɱɬɨɛɵ ɩɪɢ ɧɚɠɚɬɨɣ ɤɧɨɩɤɟ

ɦɨɠɧɨ ɛɵɥɨ ɧɚɛɥɸɞɚɬɶ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ ɡɚɞɚɧɧɵɯ ɩɟɪɟɦɟɧɧɵɯ ɢ ɜɵɪɚɠɟɧɢɣ. ɉɪɢɦɟɪɵ:

V(A)>=1 AND V(A)<=1.5

V(OUT)>5.5.

ɉɪɢɦɟɪ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɞɜɭɯ ɪɚɫɫɦɨɬɪɟɧɧɵɯ ɩɭɧɤɬɨɜ ɦɟɧɸ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɩɨ-

ɫɦɨɬɪɟɬɶ ɜ ɫɯɟɦɧɨɦ ɮɚɣɥɟ BreakPoints_Watch.cir ɤɚɬɚɥɨɝɚ Analysis\Transient.

Operating Point Methods (CTRL+SHIFT+O) — ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɟɬ ɜɵɛɪɚɬɶ ɨɞɢɧ ɢɡ ɩɹɬɢ ɱɢɫɥɟɧɧɵɯ ɦɟɬɨɞɨɜ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɚ ɪɚɛɨɱɟɣ ɬɨɱɤɢ ɧɚ ɩɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɨɦ ɬɨɤɟ ɢ ɩɨɫɥɟ-