Микросхемотехника / amelina_m_a_amelin_s_a_programma_shemotehnicheskogo_modeliro

Ⱥɦɟɥɢɧɚ Ɇ.Ⱥ., Ⱥɦɟɥɢɧ ɋ.Ⱥ.

ɉɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɚ ɫɯɟɦɨɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɦɨɞɟɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ Micro-Cap. ȼɟɪɫɢɢ 9, 10. – ɋɦɨɥɟɧɫɤ, ɋɦɨɥɟɧɫɤɢɣ ɮɢɥɢɚɥ ɇɂɍ Ɇɗɂ, 2012. – 617 ɫ., ɢɥ.

Ɋɚɫɫɦɨɬɪɟɧɚ ɦɟɬɨɞɢɤɚ ɦɨɞɟɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɧɵɯ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜ ɫ ɢɫ-

ɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟɦ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɵ Micro-Cap v.9.x, v.10.x ɮɢɪɦɵ Spectrum Software (www.spectrum-soft.com). ɉɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧ ɤɪɚɬɤɢɣ ɷɤɫɤɭɪɫ, ɞɟɦɨɧɫɬɪɢɪɭɸɳɢɣ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɟ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɵ, ɩɪɢɜɟɞɟɧɵ ɩɪɢɦɟɪɵ ɦɨɞɟɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɯ ɤɥɚɫɫɨɜ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɧɵɯ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜ, ɡɚɬɟɦ ɞɚɧɚ ɩɨɞɪɨɛɧɚɹ ɫɩɪɚɜɨɱ- ɧɚɹ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɹ ɩɨ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɸ Micro-Cap.

ɂɡɥɨɠɟɧɵ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɚɰɢɢ, ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ ɭɩɪɨɳɚɸɳɢɟ ɩɪɨ- ɰɟɫɫ ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɢɹ ɪɚɛɨɬɨɫɩɨɫɨɛɧɵɯ ɦɨɞɟɥɟɣ ɫɥɨɠɧɵɯ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɧɵɯ ɫɯɟɦ. Ɉɩɢ- ɫɚɧɵ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɵ ɦɨɞɟɥɟɣ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɨɜ ɢ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɵ ɫɨɡɞɚɧɢɹ ɦɨɞɟɥɟɣ ɧɚ ɨɫ- ɧɨɜɟ ɫɩɪɚɜɨɱɧɵɯ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɨɜ. ɉɨɞɪɨɛɧɨ ɢɡɥɨɠɟɧɵ ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɦɨɞɟɥɟɣ ɰɢɮɪɨɜɵɯ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɨɜ. Ɋɚɫɫɦɨɬɪɟɧ ɩɨɪɹɞɨɤ ɫɢɧɬɟɡɚ ɩɚɫɫɢɜɧɵɯ ɢ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɮɢɥɶɬɪɨɜ. Ɉɩɢɫɚɧɢɟ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɟɣ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɵ ɫɨɩɪɨɜɨɠɞɚɟɬɫɹ ɛɨɥɶɲɢɦ ɱɢɫɥɨɦ ɩɪɢɦɟɪɨɜ, ɢɥɥɸɫɬɪɢɪɭɸɳɢɯ ɩɨɫɬɪɨɟɧɢɟ ɫɯɟɦ ɦɨɞɟɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ, ɫɩɨ- ɫɨɛɵ ɡɚɞɚɧɢɹ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɧɵɯ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɨɜ, ɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɟ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɯ ɜɢɞɨɜ ɚɧɚ- ɥɢɡɚ ɢ ɨɛɪɚɛɨɬɤɭ ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɧɵɯ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɨɜ.

Ⱦɥɹ ɩɪɟɩɨɞɚɜɚɬɟɥɟɣ, ɫɬɭɞɟɧɬɨɜ ɢ ɚɫɩɢɪɚɧɬɨɜ ɭɱɟɛɧɵɯ ɡɚɜɟɞɟɧɢɣ ɜɵɫ- ɲɟɝɨ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɩɨ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹɦ «ɗɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɢɤɚ ɢ ɦɢɤɪɨɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɢɤɚ», ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɢɫɬɨɜ, ɡɚɧɢɦɚɸɳɢɯɫɹ ɪɚɡɪɚɛɨɬɤɨɣ ɢ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨ- ɜɚɧɢɟɦ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɧɵɯ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜ, ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɩɨɞɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɧɵɯ ɪɚɞɢɨɥɸɛɢɬɟɥɟɣ.

ɍɱɟɛɧɨɟ ɩɨɫɨɛɢɟ

Ⱥɦɟɥɢɧɚ Ɇɚɪɢɧɚ ɪɤɚɞɶɟɜɧɚ, Ⱥɦɟɥɢɧ ɋɟɪɝɟɣ ɥɟɤɫɚɧɞɪɨɜɢɱ

ɉɊɈȽɊ ɆɆ ɋɏȿɆɈɌȿɏɇɂɑȿɋɄɈȽɈ ɆɈȾȿɅɂɊɈȼ ɇɂə MICRO-CAP. ȼȿɊɋɂɂ 9, 10

ɗɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɧɨɟ ɢɡɞɚɧɢɟ

Ɏɨɪɦɚɬ 70ɯ100/16

Ɇ. . ɦɟɥɢɧɚ, ɋ. . ɦɟɥɢɧ, 2012

ɉɊȿȾɂɋɅɈȼɂȿ

ɉɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɚ ɫɯɟɦɨɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɚ Micro-Cap ɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɬɫɹ ɞɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɨ ɛɨɥɶɲɨɣ ɩɨɩɭɥɹɪɧɨɫɬɶɸ. ɗɬɨ ɫɜɹɡɚɧɨ ɫ ɬɟɦ, ɱɬɨ ɨɧɚ ɢɦɟɟɬ ɭɞɨɛɧɵɣ, ɞɪɭɠɟ- ɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɣ ɢɧɬɟɪɮɟɣɫ ɢ ɩɪɟɞɴɹɜɥɹɟɬ ɞɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɨ ɫɤɪɨɦɧɵɟ ɬɪɟɛɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɤ ɩɪɨ- ɝɪɚɦɦɧɨ-ɚɩɩɚɪɚɬɧɵɦ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɚɦ ɩɟɪɫɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɤɨɦɩɶɸɬɟɪɚ. Ɉɞɧɚɤɨ ɩɪɟɞɨɫ- ɬɚɜɥɹɟɦɵɟ ɩɪɢ ɷɬɨɦ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɢ ɞɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɨ ɜɟɥɢɤɢ. Micro-Cap ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɟɬ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɢɪɨɜɚɬɶ ɚɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɟ, ɰɢɮɪɨɜɵɟ ɢ ɫɦɟɲɚɧɧɵɟ (ɚɧɚɥɨɝɨ-ɰɢɮɪɨɜɵɟ) ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɚ, ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɬɶ ɫɢɧɬɟɡ ɩɚɫɫɢɜɧɵɯ ɢ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɮɢɥɶɬɪɨɜ. Ɉɩɵɬɧɵɟ ɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɟɥɢ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɜ ɧɟɫɬɚɧɞɚɪɬɧɨɣ ɫɢɬɭɚɰɢɢ ɫɨɡɞɚɜɚɬɶ ɫɨɛɫɬɜɟɧ- ɧɵɟ ɦɚɤɪɨɦɨɞɟɥɢ, ɨɛɥɟɝɱɚɸɳɢɟ ɢɦɢɬɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɟ ɦɨɞɟɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɛɟɡ ɩɨɬɟɪɢ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɣ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ ɨ ɩɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɢ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ.

ȼ ɤɧɢɝɟ ɞɚɧɨ ɩɨɞɪɨɛɧɨɟ ɨɩɢɫɚɧɢɟ ɞɜɭɯ ɜɟɪɫɢɣ Micro-Cap, ɱɬɨ ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɟɬ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶ ɟɟ ɤɚɤ ɩɪɢ ɪɚɛɨɬɟ ɫ ɜɟɪɫɢɟɣ 9, ɬɚɤ ɢ ɫ ɜɟɪɫɢɟɣ 10.

ɜɬɨɪɵ ɛɨɥɟɟ 15 ɥɟɬ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɸɬ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɵ ɷɬɨɝɨ ɫɟɦɟɣɫɬɜɚ (ɧɚɱɢɧɚɹ ɫ Micro-Cap II) ɞɥɹ ɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɹ ɧɚɭɱɧɵɯ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɣ ɜ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ ɫɢɥɨɜɨɣ ɷɥɟɤ- ɬɪɨɧɢɤɢ, ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɜ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɟ ɨɛɭɱɟɧɢɹ ɫɬɭɞɟɧɬɨɜ ɋɦɨɥɟɧɫɤɨɝɨ ɮɢɥɢɚɥɚ Ɇɨɫ- ɤɨɜɫɤɨɝɨ ɷɧɟɪɝɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɢɧɫɬɢɬɭɬɚ. Ɂɚ ɷɬɨ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɧɚɤɨɩɥɟɧ ɞɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɨ ɛɨɥɶɲɨɣ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɨɩɵɬ ɢ ɜɵɹɜɥɟɧɵ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɧɵɟ ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɷɬɨɣ ɩɪɨ- ɝɪɚɦɦɵ, ɦɧɨɝɢɟ ɢɡ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɨɬɪɚɠɟɧɵ ɜ ɷɬɨɣ ɤɧɢɝɟ.

ɉɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɚ ɫɯɟɦɨɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɦɨɞɟɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ Micro-Cap ɦɨɠɟɬ ɩɪɟɞ- ɫɬɚɜɥɹɬɶ ɢɧɬɟɪɟɫ ɞɥɹ ɲɢɪɨɤɨɝɨ ɤɪɭɝɚ ɥɸɞɟɣ, ɡɚɧɢɦɚɸɳɢɯɫɹ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɢɤɨɣ ɢɥɢ ɢɡɭɱɚɸɳɢɯ ɟɟ. ȼ ɩɟɪɜɭɸ ɨɱɟɪɟɞɶ Micro-Cap ɦɨɠɧɨ ɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɨɜɚɬɶ ɫɬɭ- ɞɟɧɬɚɦ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɢ ɪɚɞɢɨɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɫɬɟɣ, ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɪɚ- ɞɢɨɥɸɛɢɬɟɥɹɦ ɢ ɢɧɠɟɧɟɪɚɦ-ɪɚɡɪɚɛɨɬɱɢɤɚɦ. ɉɪɚɜɞɚ, ɞɥɹ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɧɢɯ ɫɭɳɟɫɬ- ɜɟɧɧɵɦ ɧɟɞɨɫɬɚɬɤɨɦ Micro-Cap ɦɨɠɧɨ ɫɱɢɬɚɬɶ ɨɬɫɭɬɫɬɜɢɟ ɜɫɬɪɨɟɧɧɵɯ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜ ɬɪɚɫɫɢɪɨɜɤɢ ɩɟɱɚɬɧɵɯ ɩɥɚɬ, ɞɥɹ ɷɬɢɯ ɰɟɥɟɣ ɩɪɢɞɟɬɫɹ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɵ ɫɬɨɪɨɧɧɢɯ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɬɟɥɟɣ.

ɉɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɚ Micro-Cap ɢɧɬɟɧɫɢɜɧɨ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɬɫɹ ɩɪɢ ɢɡɭɱɟɧɢɢ ɤɭɪɫɨɜ «Ʉɨɦɩɶɸɬɟɪɧɵɣ ɚɧɚɥɢɡ ɢ ɫɢɧɬɟɡ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɧɵɯ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜ» ɢ «Ɇɚɬɟɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɦɨɞɟɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɜ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɢɤɟ», ɢɡɭɱɚɟɦɵɯ ɧɚ ɤɚɮɟɞɪɟ «ɗɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɢɤɚ ɢ ɦɢɤ- ɪɨɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɨɪɧɚɹ ɬɟɯɧɢɤɚ» ɋɦɨɥɟɧɫɤɨɝɨ ɮɢɥɢɚɥɚ Ɇɗɂ ɩɪɢ ɩɨɞɝɨɬɨɜɤɟ ɫɩɟ- ɰɢɚɥɢɫɬɨɜ ɩɨ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɸ 210100 «ɗɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɢɤɚ ɢ ɦɢɤɪɨɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɢɤɚ». ɋɬɭ- ɞɟɧɬɵ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɨ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɸɬ ɷɬɭ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɭ ɩɪɢ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɢ ɜɵɩɭɫɤɧɵɯ ɪɚɛɨɬ, ɞɢɩɥɨɦɧɵɯ ɢ ɤɭɪɫɨɜɵɯ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɨɜ. Ʉɪɨɦɟ ɬɨɝɨ, ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟ Micro-Cap ɩɨɡɜɨ- ɥɹɟɬ ɫɬɭɞɟɧɬɚɦ ɝɥɭɛɠɟ ɨɫɜɚɢɜɚɬɶ ɧɟɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɚɫɩɟɤɬɵ ɬɚɤɢɯ ɤɭɪɫɨɜ, ɤɚɤ «ɗɥɟɤ- ɬɪɨɧɧɵɟ ɰɟɩɢ ɢ ɦɢɤɪɨɫɯɟɦɨɬɟɯɧɢɤɚ», «Ɇɚɝɧɢɬɧɵɟ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɵ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɧɵɯ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜ», «ɗɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɧɵɟ ɩɪɨɦɵɲɥɟɧɧɵɟ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɚ» ɢ ɬ.ɩ.

ɉɨɦɢɦɨ ɨɩɢɫɚɧɢɹ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦ Micro-Cap ɜɟɪɫɢɣ 9 ɢ 10, ɜ ɤɧɢɝɟ ɩɪɢɜɟɞɟɧɵ ɩɪɢɦɟɪɵ ɦɨɞɟɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɯ ɬɢɩɨɜ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɧɵɯ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜ, ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɢɡ- ɥɨɠɟɧɵ ɩɪɢɟɦɵ, ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɸɳɢɟ ɩɪɨɜɨɞɢɬɶ ɦɨɞɟɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɫɥɨɠɧɵɯ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɧ- ɧɵɯ ɫɯɟɦ ɫ ɞɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɨɣ ɞɥɹ ɢɧɠɟɧɟɪɧɨɣ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɤɢ ɬɨɱɧɨɫɬɶɸ.

ȼɫɟ ɪɚɫɫɦɚɬɪɢɜɚɟɦɵɟ ɜ ɤɧɢɝɟ ɩɪɢɦɟɪɵ ɦɨɞɟɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɞɨɫɬɭɩɧɵ ɜ ɜɢɞɟ ɢɫɯɨɞɧɵɯ ɮɚɣɥɨɜ ɧɚ ɫɚɣɬɟ http://www.microcap-model.narod.ru (ɚɪɯɢɜɧɵɣ ɮɚɣɥ book-mc.rar). Ɍɚɦ ɠɟ ɜɵɥɨɠɟɧɵ ɞɨɩɨɥɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɟ ɛɢɛɥɢɨɬɟɤɢ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧ- ɬɨɜ ɢ ɢɯ ɢɡɨɛɪɚɠɟɧɢɣ, ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɫɩɪɚɜɨɱɧɵɟ ɢ ɭɱɟɛɧɵɟ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɵ ɩɨ ɦɨɞɟɥɢ- ɪɨɜɚɧɢɸ ɢ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɢɤɟ.

ȼȼȿȾȿɇɂȿ

Micro-Cap — ɷɬɨ ɭɧɢɜɟɪɫɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɚ ɫɯɟɦɨɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɚ, ɩɪɟɞɧɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɧɚɹ ɞɥɹ ɪɟɲɟɧɢɹ ɲɢɪɨɤɨɝɨ ɤɪɭɝɚ ɡɚɞɚɱ. ɏɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɧɨɣ ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨ- ɫɬɶɸ ɷɬɨɣ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɵ, ɜɩɪɨɱɟɦ, ɤɚɤ ɢ ɜɫɟɝɨ ɫɟɦɟɣɫɬɜɚ Micro-Cap [1–4], ɹɜɥɹ- ɟɬɫɹ ɧɚɥɢɱɢɟ ɭɞɨɛɧɨɝɨ ɢ ɞɪɭɠɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɝɪɚɮɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɢɧɬɟɪɮɟɣɫɚ, ɱɬɨ ɞɟ- ɥɚɟɬ ɟɝɨ ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨ ɩɪɢɜɥɟɤɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɦ ɞɥɹ ɧɟɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɚɭɞɢɬɨɪɢɢ. ɇɟɫɦɨɬɪɹ ɧɚ ɞɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɨ ɫɤɪɨɦɧɵɟ ɬɪɟɛɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɤ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɧɨ-ɚɩɩɚɪɚɬɧɵɦ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɚɦ ɉɄ (ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɨɪ ɧɟ ɧɢɠɟ Pentium II, Ɉɋ Windows 95/98/ME ɢɥɢ Windows NT4/2000/XP, ɩɚɦɹɬɶ ɧɟ ɦɟɧɟɟ 64 Ɇɛ, ɦɨɧɢɬɨɪ ɧɟ ɯɭɠɟ SVGA), ɟɝɨ ɜɨɡ- ɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɢ ɞɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɨ ɜɟɥɢɤɢ. ɋ ɟɝɨ ɩɨɦɨɳɶɸ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɢɪɨɜɚɬɶ ɧɟ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɚɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɟ, ɧɨ ɢ ɰɢɮɪɨɜɵɟ ɫɯɟɦɵ. ȼɨɡɦɨɠɧɨ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɫɦɟɲɚɧɧɨɟ ɦɨɞɟɥɢɪɨɜɚ- ɧɢɟ ɚɧɚɥɨɝɨ-ɰɢɮɪɨɜɵɯ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɧɵɯ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜ, ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɫɢɧɬɟɡ ɮɢɥɶɬɪɨɜ.

ɇɚɱɚɬɶ ɪɚɛɨɬɚɬɶ ɜ Micro-Cap ɦɨɠɧɨ ɞɚɠɟ ɛɟɡ ɝɥɭɛɨɤɨɝɨ ɨɫɜɨɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦ- ɦɵ. Ⱦɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɨ ɨɡɧɚɤɨɦɢɬɶɫɹ ɫɨ ɜɫɬɪɨɟɧɧɵɦ ɞɟɦɨɧɫɬɪɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɦ ɪɨɥɢɤɨɦ ɢ ɩɨɫɦɨɬɪɟɬɶ ɛɚɡɨɜɵɟ ɩɪɢɦɟɪɵ (ɢɯ ɜ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɬɟ ɨɤɨɥɨ 300). Ɉɩɵɬɧɵɟ ɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚ- ɬɟɥɢ, ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɹ ɨɛɲɢɪɧɭɸ ɛɢɛɥɢɨɬɟɤɭ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɨɜ ɢ ɫɨɛɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɟ ɦɚɤɪɨɦɨ- ɞɟɥɢ, ɦɨɝɭɬ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɢɪɨɜɚɬɶ ɫɥɨɠɧɵɟ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɧɵɟ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ. Ƚɪɚɦɨɬɧɨɟ ɢɫɩɨɥɶ- ɡɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɭɩɪɨɳɟɧɧɵɯ ɞɨɩɭɳɟɧɢɣ ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɟɬ ɩɪɨɜɨɞɢɬɶ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɵ ɪɟɠɢɦɨɜ ɪɚɛɨ- ɬɵ ɫɥɨɠɧɵɯ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜ ɫ ɞɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɨ ɜɵɫɨɤɨɣ ɫɬɟɩɟɧɶɸ ɬɨɱɧɨɫɬɢ.

Micro-Cap 9, 10 ɨɬɥɢɱɚɸɬɫɹ ɨɬ ɦɥɚɞɲɢɯ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɢɬɟɥɟɣ ɫɜɨɟɝɨ ɫɟɦɟɣɫɬ-

ɜɚ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɫɨɜɟɪɲɟɧɧɵɦɢ ɦɨɞɟɥɹɦɢ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɧɵɯ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɨɜ ɢ ɚɥɝɨɪɢɬɦɚɦɢ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɨɜ. ɉɨ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɹɦ ɫɯɟɦɨɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɦɨɞɟɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɨɧ ɧɚɯɨɞɢɬɫɹ ɧɚ ɨɞɧɨɦ ɭɪɨɜɧɟ ɫ ɢɧɬɟɝɪɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɦɢ ɩɚɤɟɬɚɦɢ ORCAD ɢ PCAD2002 — ɞɨɫ- ɬɚɬɨɱɧɨ ɫɥɨɠɧɵɦɢ ɜ ɨɫɜɨɟɧɢɢ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɚɦɢ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɚ ɢ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɷɥɟɤ- ɬɪɨɧɧɵɯ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜ, ɩɨɞɪɚɡɭɦɟɜɚɸɳɢɦɢ ɜ ɩɟɪɜɭɸ ɨɱɟɪɟɞɶ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɟ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟ. ɉɨɥɧɚɹ ɫɨɜɦɟɫɬɢɦɨɫɬɶ ɫɨ SPICE-ɦɨɞɟɥɹɦɢ ɢ SPICE-ɫɯɟɦɚɦɢ ɜ ɫɨɱɟɬɚɧɢɢ ɫ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɵɦɢ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɹɦɢ ɤɨɧɜɟɪɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɟɬ ɢɫɩɨɥɶ- ɡɨɜɚɬɶ ɜ Micro-Cap ɜɫɟ ɪɚɡɪɚɛɨɬɤɢ ɢ ɦɨɞɟɥɢ, ɩɪɟɞɧɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɧɵɟ ɞɥɹ ɷɬɢɯ ɩɚ- ɤɟɬɨɜ, ɚ ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɧɵɟ ɧɚɜɵɤɢ ɦɨɞɟɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɬ ɜ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ- ɫɬɢ ɛɵɫɬɪɨ ɨɫɜɨɢɬɶ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɩɚɤɟɬɵ ɦɨɞɟɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ.

Micro-Cap 9, 10 ɩɪɟɞɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɸɬ ɨɛɲɢɪɧɵɟ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɢ ɞɥɹ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɚ ɫɢ- ɥɨɜɵɯ ɩɪɟɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜ. ɉɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɚ ɢɦɟɟɬ ɧɚɫɬɪɨɣɤɢ, ɜɤɥɸɱɟ- ɧɢɟ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɨɩɬɢɦɢɡɢɪɭɟɬ ɚɥɝɨɪɢɬɦɵ ɞɥɹ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɚ ɫɢɥɨɜɵɯ ɫɯɟɦ, ɛɢɛɥɢɨɬɟɤɚ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɨɜ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɢɬ ɛɨɥɶɲɨɟ ɱɢɫɥɨ ɨɛɨɛɳɟɧɧɵɯ ɒɂɆ-ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɥɟɪɨɜ ɢ ɧɟ- ɩɪɟɪɵɜɧɵɯ ɦɨɞɟɥɟɣ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɯ ɬɢɩɨɜ ɩɪɟɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɬɟɥɟɣ ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɹ ɞɥɹ ɚɧɚ- ɥɢɡɚ ɭɫɬɨɣɱɢɜɨɫɬɢ ɫɬɚɛɢɥɢɡɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɯ ɢɫɬɨɱɧɢɤɨɜ ɩɢɬɚɧɢɹ ɧɚ ɢɯ ɨɫɧɨɜɟ.

ɉɟɪɟɱɢɫɥɟɧɧɵɟ ɞɨɫɬɨɢɧɫɬɜɚ ɞɟɥɚɸɬ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɭ Micro-Cap ɜɟɫɶɦɚ ɩɪɢ-

ɜɥɟɤɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɞɥɹ ɦɨɞɟɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɧɵɯ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜ ɫɪɟɞɧɟɣ ɫɬɟɩɟɧɢ ɫɥɨɠɧɨɫɬɢ. ɍɞɨɛɫɬɜɨ ɜ ɪɚɛɨɬɟ, ɧɟɬɪɟɛɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɤ ɪɟɫɭɪɫɚɦ ɤɨɦɩɶɸɬɟɪɚ ɢ

ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɶ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɢɪɨɜɚɬɶ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɧɵɟ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɚ ɫ ɞɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɨ ɛɨɥɶɲɢɦ ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɨɦ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɨɜ ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɸɬ ɭɫɩɟɲɧɨ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶ ɟɟ ɤɚɤ ɪɚɞɢɨɥɸ- ɛɢɬɟɥɹɦ ɢ ɫɬɭɞɟɧɬɚɦ, ɬɚɤ ɢ ɢɧɠɟɧɟɪɚɦ-ɪɚɡɪɚɛɨɬɱɢɤɚɦ. Ʉɪɨɦɟ ɬɨɝɨ, ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦ- ɦɵ ɫɟɦɟɣɫɬɜɚ Micro-Cap ɚɤɬɢɜɧɨ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɸɬɫɹ ɜ ɧɚɭɱɧɨ-ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɫɤɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ.

ɉɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɚ Micro-Cap ɛɵɥɚ ɪɚɡɪɚɛɨɬɚɧɚ ɜ 1982 ɝɨɞɭ ɮɢɪɦɨɣ Spectrum Software. ɉɟɪɜɨɣ ɜɟɪɫɢɢ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɵ ɚɜɬɨɪɚɦ ɭɜɢɞɟɬɶ ɧɟ ɞɨɜɟɥɨɫɶ, ɚ ɜɨɬ Mi- cro-Cap II ɭɠɟ ɧɚɱɢɧɚɹ ɫ 1989 ɝɨɞɚ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɥɫɹ ɩɪɢ ɨɛɭɱɟɧɢɢ ɫɬɭɞɟɧɬɨɜ

ɋɦɨɥɟɧɫɤɨɝɨ ɮɢɥɢɚɥɚ Ɇɗɂ. Ɂɚ ɷɬɨ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɚɜɬɨɪɚɦɢ ɧɚɤɨɩɥɟɧ ɞɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɨ ɛɨɥɶɲɨɣ ɨɩɵɬ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɫ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɦɢ ɜɟɪɫɢɹɦɢ ɷɬɨɣ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɵ. ɉɨ ɧɚɲɟɦɭ ɬɜɟɪɞɨɦɭ ɭɛɟɠɞɟɧɢɸ, ɧɟɫɤɨɥɶɤɨ ɩɪɟɧɟɛɪɟɠɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɟ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɟ ɤ ɷɬɨɣ ɩɪɨ- ɝɪɚɦɦɟ ɜ ɫɪɟɞɟ ɢɧɠɟɧɟɪɨɜ-ɪɚɡɪɚɛɨɬɱɢɤɨɜ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɧɨɣ ɬɟɯɧɢɤɢ ɚɛɫɨɥɸɬɧɨ ɧɟɨɩɪɚɜɞɚɧɧɨ. Micro-Cap ɞɚɜɧɨ ɭɠɟ ɜɵɲɟɥ ɢɡ «ɞɟɬɫɤɨɝɨ» ɜɨɡɪɚɫɬɚ. Ȼɨɥɟɟ ɬɨɝɨ, ɩɨ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɹɦ ɦɨɞɟɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɢ ɨɛɪɚɛɨɬɤɢ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɨɜ ɨɧ ɭɠɟ ɞɚɜɧɨ ɧɢɱɟɦ ɧɟ ɭɫɬɭɩɚɟɬ, ɚ ɞɚɠɟ ɩɪɟɜɨɫɯɨɞɢɬ ɚɧɚɥɨɝɢɱɧɵɟ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɵ.

ɉɟɪɜɵɟ ɜɟɪɫɢɢ Micro-Cap, ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ, ɛɵɥɢ ɞɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɨ ɩɪɢɦɢɬɢɜɧɵ- ɦɢ ɢ ɦɚɥɨɩɪɢɝɨɞɧɵɦɢ ɞɥɹ ɪɟɲɟɧɢɹ ɪɟɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɢɧɠɟɧɟɪɧɵɯ ɡɚɞɚɱ ɫɯɟɦɨɬɟɯ- ɧɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ. Ɉɧɢ ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɥɢ ɪɚɫɫɱɢɬɵɜɚɬɶ ɥɢɲɶ ɩɪɨɫɬɵɟ ɚɧɚ- ɥɨɝɨɜɵɟ ɫɯɟɦɵ. Ⱦɥɹ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɚ ɰɢɮɪɨɜɵɯ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɥɚɫɶ ɞɪɭɝɚɹ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɚ ɬɨɣ ɠɟ ɮɢɪɦɵ – MicroLogic (ɩɨɡɞɧɟɟ ɨɧɚ ɛɵɥɚ ɢɧɬɟɝɪɢɪɨɜɚɧɚ ɜ Micro-Cap). ɇɨ ɞɚɠɟ ɷɬɨɝɨ ɜɩɨɥɧɟ ɯɜɚɬɚɥɨ ɞɥɹ ɨɛɭɱɟɧɢɹ ɫɬɭɞɟɧɬɨɜ ɨɫɧɨɜɚɦ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɢɤɢ.

Ȼɨɥɟɟ ɩɨɡɞɧɢɟ ɜɟɪɫɢɢ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɵ ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɥɢ ɪɟɲɚɬɶ ɭɠɟ ɞɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɨ ɫɥɨɠɧɵɟ ɡɚɞɚɱɢ. ɋ ɤɚɠɞɨɣ ɜɟɪɫɢɟɣ ɪɨɫɥɚ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ, ɫɨɜɟɪɲɟɧɫɬɜɨ- ɜɚɥɢɫɶ ɦɨɞɟɥɢ ɢ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɧɵɟ ɚɥɝɨɪɢɬɦɵ. ɇɚ ɞɚɧɧɵɣ ɦɨɦɟɧɬ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɫ ɭɜɟɪɟɧ- ɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɭɬɜɟɪɠɞɚɬɶ, ɱɬɨ Micro-Cap ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɟɬ ɩɪɨɜɨɞɢɬɶ ɦɨɞɟɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɧɚ ɬɨɦ ɠɟ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɦ ɭɪɨɜɧɟ, ɱɬɨ ɢ ɤɥɚɫɫɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɚ ɫɯɟɦɨɬɟɯɧɢɱɟ- ɫɤɨɝɨ ɦɨɞɟɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ — PSPICE. Ȼɨɥɟɟ ɬɨɝɨ, Micro-Cap ɩɨɥɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɫɨɜɦɟɫɬɢɦ ɫ ɧɟɸ ɧɚ ɭɪɨɜɧɟ ɦɨɞɟɥɟɣ ɢ ɩɨɞɫɯɟɦ, ɱɬɨ ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɟɬ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶ ɩɪɢ ɪɚɫɱɟ- ɬɚɯ ɨɛɲɢɪɧɵɟ SPICE-ɛɢɛɥɢɨɬɟɤɢ, ɩɪɟɞɥɚɝɚɟɦɵɟ ɪɚɡɪɚɛɨɬɱɢɤɚɦɢ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɧ- ɧɵɯ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɨɜ.

Ɉɫɨɛɨ ɯɨɱɟɬɫɹ ɨɬɦɟɬɢɬɶ ɢɧɬɟɪɮɟɣɫ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɵ. Ɋɚɡɪɚɛɨɬɱɢɤɢ ɨɱɟɧɶ ɫɟɪɶɟɡɧɨ ɩɨɞɯɨɞɹɬ ɤ ɷɬɨɦɭ ɜɨɩɪɨɫɭ, ɧɚɱɢɧɚɹ ɫ ɦɥɚɞɲɢɯ ɜɟɪɫɢɣ. Ⱦɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɨ ɫɤɚɡɚɬɶ, ɱɬɨ ɟɳɟ ɞɨ ɩɨɜɫɟɦɟɫɬɧɨɝɨ ɪɚɫɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɟɧɢɹ Windows, ɜɟɪɫɢɹ MicroCap IV, ɜɵɩɭɳɟɧɧɚɹ ɜ 1992 ɝɨɞɭ, ɭɠɟ ɢɦɟɥɚ ɨɱɟɧɶ ɭɞɨɛɧɵɣ ɨɤɨɧɧɵɣ ɝɪɚɮɢɱɟ- ɫɤɢɣ ɢɧɬɟɪɮɟɣɫ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɣ ɛɵɥ ɫɨɜɫɟɦ ɧɟ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɟɧ ɞɥɹ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦ ɬɨɝɨ ɜɪɟ- ɦɟɧɢ. ɗɬɨɬ ɢɧɬɟɪɮɟɣɫ ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɥ ɩɨɞ DOS ɩɨɥɭɱɚɬɶ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɢ ɜɫɟ ɭɞɨɛɫɬɜɚ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɢɦɟɸɬ ɜ ɧɚɫɬɨɹɳɟɟ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɟɥɢ Windows.

ȼ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɯ ɜɟɪɫɢɹɯ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɦɧɨɝɨ ɜɧɢɦɚɧɢɹ ɭɞɟɥɹɥɚɫɶ ɩɨɜɵɲɟɧɢɸ ɭɞɨɛɫɬɜɚ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɵ. ɉɨ ɦɧɟɧɢɸ ɚɜɬɨɪɨɜ ɤɧɢɝɢ, ɢɧɬɟɪɮɟɣɫ Micro-Cap ɧɚɫɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɢɧɬɭɢɬɢɜɧɨ ɩɨɧɹɬɟɧ, ɱɬɨ ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɟɬ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤɭ, ɢɦɟɸɳɟɦɭ ɛɚɡɨɜɵɟ ɧɚɜɵɤɢ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɫ ɩɟɪɫɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɦ ɤɨɦɩɶɸɬɟɪɨɦ, ɧɚɱɚɬɶ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɷɬɨɣ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɵ, ɞɚɠɟ ɧɟ ɱɢɬɚɹ ɪɭɤɨɜɨɞɫɬɜɨ. Ɋɚɡɪɚɛɨɬɱɢɤɚɦɢ ɧɚɣɞɟɧ ɤɨɦ- ɩɪɨɦɢɫɫ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɩɪɨɫɬɨɬɨɣ ɢ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɫɬɶɸ. ȼ ɧɟɦ ɧɟɬ ɢɦɢɬɚɰɢɢ «ɢɡɦɟ- ɪɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɩɪɢɛɨɪɨɜ», ɡɚɝɪɨɦɨɠɞɚɸɳɢɯ Workbench [5]. ɉɪɢ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɟ ɧɟ ɨɬ- ɤɪɵɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɛɨɥɶɲɨɟ ɱɢɫɥɨ ɨɤɨɧ ɫɨ ɫɥɨɠɧɵɦɢ ɜɡɚɢɦɨɫɜɹɡɹɦɢ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɧɢɦɢ, ɤɚɤ

ɜDESIGNLAB [6]. ɇɟ ɡɪɹ ɟɝɨ ɨɱɟɧɶ ɥɸɛɹɬ ɫɬɭɞɟɧɬɵ — ɩɪɨɫɬɟɧɶɤɭɸ ɫɯɟɦɤɭ ɢɦ

ɜɛɨɥɶɲɢɧɫɬɜɟ ɫɥɭɱɚɟɜ ɭɞɚɟɬɫɹ ɩɪɨɦɨɞɟɥɢɪɨɜɚɬɶ ɜ Micro-Cap ɢ ɛɟɡ ɩɪɨɱɬɟ- ɧɢɹ ɝɪɨɦɨɡɞɤɢɯ ɪɭɤɨɜɨɞɫɬɜ. ɟɫɥɢ ɭɱɟɫɬɶ, ɱɬɨ ɞɚɠɟ ɜ ɞɟɦɨɧɫɬɪɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɣ ɜɟɪɫɢɢ Micro-Cap ɩɪɢɜɟɞɟɧɵ ɩɪɢɦɟɪɵ ɦɨɞɟɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɢ ɜɫɟɯ ɬɢ- ɩɨɜ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɧɵɯ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜ (ɤɚɤ ɚɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɯ, ɬɚɤ ɢ ɰɢɮɪɨɜɵɯ), ɬɨ ɷɬɨ ɫɭɳɟɫɬ- ɜɟɧɧɨ ɭɩɪɨɳɚɟɬ ɨɫɜɨɟɧɢɟ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɵ ɢ ɢɡɭɱɟɧɢɟ ɩɪɢɟɦɨɜ ɦɨɞɟɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ. Ⱦɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɨ ɨɬɤɪɵɬɶ ɩɪɢɦɟɪ ɢ ɩɪɨɜɟɫɬɢ ɫɜɨɣ ɪɚɫɱɟɬ «ɩɨ ɨɛɪɚɡɭ ɢ ɩɨɞɨɛɢɸ».

ɩɨɥɧɚɹ ɜɟɪɫɢɹ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɢɬ ɭɠɟ ɫɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɩɪɢɦɟɪɨɜ, ɱɬɨ ɢɡɭɱɟɧɢɟ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɬɟɯ ɫɯɟɦ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɬɫɹ ɜ ɛɢɛɥɢɨɬɟɤɟ Micro-Cap, ɜ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɢ ɡɚɦɟɬɧɨ ɪɚɫ-

ɲɢɪɢɬɶ ɡɧɚɧɢɹ, ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɧɵɟ ɜ ɪɚɦɤɚɯ ɛɚɡɨɜɵɯ ȼɍɁɨɜɫɤɢɯ ɤɭɪɫɨɜ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɢɤɢ ɢ ɫɯɟɦɨɬɟɯɧɢɤɢ.

Ʉɪɨɦɟ ɬɨɝɨ, ɜ Micro-Cap ɢɦɟɟɬɫɹ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɹ ɞɟɦɨɧɫɬɪɚɰɢɢ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɯ ɜɨɡ- ɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɟɣ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɵ, ɧɚɝɥɹɞɧɨ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɹɸɳɚɹ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɟ ɩɪɢɟɦɵ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɫ ɧɟɣ. ɇɚ ɫɚɣɬɟ ɪɚɡɪɚɛɨɬɱɢɤɨɜ (http://www.spectrum-soft.com) ɞɨɫɬɭɩɧɨ ɩɨɞ- ɪɨɛɧɨɟ ɨɩɢɫɚɧɢɟ ɜ ɮɨɪɦɚɬɟ PDF (ɧɚ ɚɧɝɥɢɣɫɤɨɦ ɹɡɵɤɟ), ɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɧɨɟ ɨɱɟɧɶ ɩɪɨɫɬɨ ɢ ɩɨɧɹɬɧɨ. Ⱦɥɹ ɟɝɨ ɢɡɭɱɟɧɢɹ ɞɚɠɟ ɨɫɨɛɨɝɨ ɡɧɚɧɢɹ ɹɡɵɤɚ ɧɟ ɬɪɟɛɭɟɬɫɹ, ɩɨɫɤɨɥɶɤɭ ɜɫɟ ɩɨɹɫɧɹɟɬɫɹ ɩɪɢɦɟɪɚɦɢ ɢ ɢɥɥɸɫɬɪɚɰɢɹɦɢ. ɉɨɷɬɨɦɭ Micro-Cap

ɦɨɠɧɨ ɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɨɜɚɬɶ ɤɚɤ ɨɞɧɭ ɢɡ ɥɭɱɲɢɯ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦ ɞɥɹ ɨɛɭɱɟɧɢɹ ɨɫɧɨɜɚɦ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɢɤɢ. Ɉɫɨɛɟɧɧɨ, ɟɫɥɢ ɭɱɟɫɬɶ, ɱɬɨ ɪɚɡɪɚɛɨɬɱɢɤɢ Micro-Cap ɛɟɫɩɥɚɬɧɨ ɩɪɟɞɥɚɝɚɸɬ ɤ ɫɜɨɛɨɞɧɨɦɭ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɸ ɞɟɦɨɧɫɬɪɚɰɢɨɧɧɭɸ ɜɟɪɫɢɸ ɩɪɨ- ɝɪɚɦɦɵ. Ɉɧɚ ɨɛɥɚɞɚɟɬ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɢ ɜɫɟɦɢ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɦɢ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɹɦɢ ɩɨɥɧɨɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɣ, ɚ ɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɟɧɢɹ ɧɨɫɹɬ ɩɨ ɛɨɥɶɲɟɣ ɱɚɫɬɢ ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɟɧ- ɧɵɣ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪ (ɞɟɦɨɧɫɬɪɚɰɢɨɧɧɚɹ ɜɟɪɫɢɹ ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɟɬ ɦɨɞɟɥɢɪɨɜɚɬɶ ɫɯɟɦɵ, ɱɢɫɥɨ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɨɜ ɜ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɧɟ ɩɪɟɜɵɲɚɟɬ 50, ɪɚɫɱɟɬɵ ɪɹɞɚ ɫɯɟɦ ɩɪɨɯɨɞɹɬ ɧɟɫɤɨɥɶɤɨ ɦɟɞɥɟɧɧɟɟ, ɱɟɦ ɜ ɩɨɥɧɨɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɜɟɪɫɢɢ, ɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɟɧɚ ɛɢɛ- ɥɢɨɬɟɤɚ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɨɜ, ɧɟɬ ɜɫɬɪɨɟɧɧɨɣ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɵ ɩɨɞɝɨɬɨɜɤɢ ɫɨɛɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯ ɦɨɞɟɥɟɣ ɢ ɧɟɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɞɪɭɝɢɯ ɞɨɩɨɥɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɣ). Ⱦɥɹ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɚ ɨɛɭɱɟ- ɧɢɹ ɷɬɢ ɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɟɧɢɹ ɧɟ ɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɨɫɨɛɨ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɦɢ. Ⱦɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɨ ɫɤɚɡɚɬɶ, ɱɬɨ ɫ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟɦ ɞɟɦɨɧɫɬɪɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɣ ɜɟɪɫɢɢ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɵ Micro-Cap IV ɚɜ- ɬɨɪɚɦɢ ɤɧɢɝɢ ɛɵɥɢ ɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɵ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɵɟ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɵ ɞɢɧɚɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɩɪɨɰɟɫ- ɫɨɜ ɜ ɩɪɟɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɬɟɥɹɯ ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɹ ɫɨ ɫɥɨɠɧɨɣ ɬɨɩɨɥɨɝɢɟɣ ɫɢɥɨɜɨɣ ɱɚɫɬɢ, ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɨ ɦɨɞɟɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɡɚɦɤɧɭɬɵɯ ɫɢɫɬɟɦ ɫɬɚɛɢɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟ- ɧɢɹ ɫ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟɦ ɷɬɢɯ ɩɪɟɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɬɟɥɟɣ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɜ ɞɚɥɶɧɟɣɲɟɦ ɫɬɚɥɢ ɨɫɧɨɜɨɣ ɞɢɫɫɟɪɬɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɯ ɪɚɛɨɬ. Ɍɚɤɢɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ, ɞɚɠɟ ɞɟɦɨɧɫɬɪɚɰɢɨɧɧɚɹ ɜɟɪɫɢɹ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɵ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɛɵɬɶ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɚ ɞɥɹ ɫɟɪɶɟɡɧɵɯ ɧɚɭɱɧɵɯ ɢɫɫɥɟ- ɞɨɜɚɧɢɣ, ɧɟ ɝɨɜɨɪɹ ɭɠɟ ɨɛ ɭɱɟɛɧɵɯ ɡɚɞɚɱɚɯ.

ɂɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɵ Micro-Cap ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɟɬ ɧɟ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɢɡɭɱɚɬɶ ɪɚɛɨɬɭ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɧɵɯ ɫɯɟɦ, ɧɨ ɢ ɩɪɢɨɛɪɟɬɚɬɶ ɧɚɜɵɤɢ ɧɚɥɚɞɤɢ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɧɵɯ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜ. Ɉɫɧɨɜɧɵɟ ɩɪɢɟɦɵ ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɢɹ ɪɚɛɨɱɟɣ ɦɨɞɟɥɢ ɧɢɱɟɦ ɧɟ ɨɬɥɢɱɚɸɬɫɹ ɨɬ ɦɟɬɨ- ɞɢɤ ɜɜɟɞɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɪɚɛɨɱɢɣ ɪɟɠɢɦ ɪɟɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɧɵɯ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜ. ɂɦɟɧɧɨ ɷɬɢ ɫɜɨɣɫɬɜɚ ɢ ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɸɬ ɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɨɜɚɬɶ ɟɝɨ ɜ ɩɟɪɜɭɸ ɨɱɟɪɟɞɶ ɫɬɭɞɟɧɬɚɦ ɢ ɪɚ- ɞɢɨɥɸɛɢɬɟɥɹɦ. Ʉɚɤ ɨɬɦɟɬɢɥ ɨɞɢɧ ɢɡ ɪɚɞɢɨɥɸɛɢɬɟɥɟɣ, ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɸɳɢɯ MicroCap, ɨɫɧɨɜɧɚɹ ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦɚ ɩɪɢ ɪɚɛɨɬɟ ɫ ɧɢɦ — ɧɚɱɢɧɚɟɬ ɪɠɚɜɟɬɶ ɩɚɹɥɶɧɢɤ…

ȼɚɠɧɵɦ ɩɥɸɫɨɦ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɫɱɢɬɚɬɶ ɢ ɬɨ, ɱɬɨ ɜ ɧɚɫɬɨɹɳɟɟ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɜ ɫɟɬɢ Internet ɦɨɠɧɨ ɧɚɣɬɢ ɞɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɨ ɛɨɥɶɲɢɟ ɛɢɛɥɢɨɬɟɤɢ ɨɬɟɱɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯ ɢ ɡɚɪɭɛɟɠ- ɧɵɯ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɧɵɯ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɨɜ. ȼ ɱɚɫɬɧɨɫɬɢ, ɛɢɛɥɢɨɬɟɤɢ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɨɜ, ɢɫ- ɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɦɵɯ ɜ ɩɪɢɦɟɪɚɯ ɷɬɨɣ ɤɧɢɝɢ, ɪɚɡɦɟɳɟɧɵ ɚɜɬɨɪɚɦɢ ɧɚ ɫɚɣɬɟ

http://www.microcap-model.narod.ru/

ɋɉɂɋɈɄ ɋɈɄɊȺɓȿɇɂɃ

ȺɅɍ — ɚɪɢɮɦɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɨ-ɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɨ Ⱥɑɏ — ɚɦɩɥɢɬɭɞɧɨ-ɱɚɫɬɨɬɧɚɹ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɚ Ⱥɐɉ — ɚɧɚɥɨɝɨ-ɰɢɮɪɨɜɨɣ ɩɪɟɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɬɟɥɶ ȼȺɏ — ɜɨɥɶɬɚɦɩɟɪɧɵɟ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɢ ȼɍɁ — ɜɵɫɲɟɟ ɭɱɟɛɧɨɟ ɡɚɜɟɞɟɧɢɟ ȼɑ — ɜɵɫɨɤɢɟ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɵ

ȽɅɂɇ — ɝɟɧɟɪɚɬɨɪ ɥɢɧɟɣɧɨ ɢɡɦɟɧɹɸɳɟɝɨɫɹ ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɹ ȾɇɎ — ɞɢɡɴɸɧɤɬɢɜɧɨ ɧɨɪɦɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɮɨɪɦɚ ɡɚɩɢɫɢ ɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɜɵɪɚɠɟɧɢɣ (ɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɫɭɦɦɚ ɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɟɞɟɧɢɣ)

ȿɋɄȾ — ɟɞɢɧɚɹ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɬɨɪɫɤɨɣ ɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬɚɰɢɢ ɂɂȼɗɉ — ɢɦɩɭɥɶɫɧɵɣ ɢɫɬɨɱɧɢɤ ɜɬɨɪɢɱɧɨɝɨ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɩɢɬɚɧɢɹ ɂɆɋ — ɢɧɬɟɝɪɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɦɢɤɪɨɫɯɟɦɚ ɂɋ — ɢɧɬɟɝɪɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɦɢɤɪɨɫɯɟɦɚ

ɂɌɍɇ — ɢɫɬɨɱɧɢɤ ɬɨɤɚ, ɭɩɪɚɜɥɹɟɦɵɣ ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɟɦ ɄɆɈɉ — ɤɨɦɩɥɢɦɟɧɬɚɪɧɚɹ ɥɨɝɢɤɚ ɧɚ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɟ ɦɟɬɚɥɥ-ɨɤɢɫɟɥ-

ɩɨɥɭɩɪɨɜɨɞɧɢɤ ɄɇɎ — ɤɨɧɴɸɧɤɬɢɜɧɨ ɧɨɪɦɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɮɨɪɦɚ ɡɚɩɢɫɢ ɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɜɵɪɚɠɟɧɢɣ

(ɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɟɞɟɧɢɟ ɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɫɭɦɦ) ɄɉȾ — ɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬ ɩɨɥɟɡɧɨɝɨ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ

ɅȺɑɏ – ɚɦɥɢɬɭɞɧɨ-ɱɚɫɬɨɬɧɚɹ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɚ ɫ ɥɨɝɚɪɢɮɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɦ ɦɚɫ- ɲɬɚɛɨɦ ɩɨ 2-ɦ ɨɫɹɦ: ɨɫɢ ɱɚɫɬɨɬ ɢ ɨɫɢ ɚɦɩɥɢɬɭɞ ɆȾɉ — ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɚ ɦɟɬɚɥ-ɞɢɷɥɟɤɬɪɢɤ-ɩɨɥɭɩɪɨɜɨɞɧɢɤ ɆɈɉ — ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɚ ɦɟɬɚɥ-ɨɤɢɫɟɥ-ɩɨɥɭɩɪɨɜɨɞɧɢɤ ɇɑ — ɧɢɡɤɢɟ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɵ

OOC — ɨɬɪɢɰɚɬɟɥɶɧɚɹ ɨɛɪɚɬɧɚɹ ɫɜɹɡɶ Ɉɋ — ɨɩɟɪɚɰɢɨɧɧɚɹ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚ Ɉɍ — ɨɩɟɪɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɣ ɭɫɢɥɢɬɟɥɶ

ɉɁɍ — ɩɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɨɟ ɡɚɩɨɦɢɧɚɸɳɟɟ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɨ ɉɂȾ — ɩɪɨɩɨɪɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨ ɢɧɬɟɝɪɢɪɭɸɳɟɟ ɞɢɮɮɟɪɟɧɰɢɪɭɸɳɟɟ ɡɜɟɧɨ ɉɅɆ — ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɢɪɭɟɦɚɹ ɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɦɚɬɪɢɰɚ

ɋȽɋ — ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚ ɟɞɢɧɢɰ ɢɡɦɟɪɟɧɢɹ, ɤɨɬɨɪɚɹ ɲɢɪɨɤɨ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɥɚɫɶ ɞɨ ɩɪɢɧɹɬɢɹ ɦɟɠɞɭɧɚɪɨɞɧɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɟɞɢɧɢɰ (ɋɂ) ɢ ɩɪɨɞɨɥɠɚɟɬ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨ-

ɜɚɬɶɫɹ ɜ ɮɢɡɢɤɟ ɢ ɚɫɬɪɨɧɨɦɢɢ ɋɂ — ɦɟɠɞɭɧɚɪɨɞɧɚɹ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚ ɟɞɢɧɢɰ ɢɡɦɟɪɟɧɢɣ

ɌɌɅ — ɬɪɚɧɡɢɫɬɨɪɧɨ-ɬɪɚɧɡɢɫɬɨɪɧɚɹ ɥɨɝɢɤɚ ɍȽɈ — ɭɫɥɨɜɧɨɟ ɝɪɚɮɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɨɛɨɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ Ɏȼɑ — ɮɢɥɶɬɪ ɜɟɪɯɧɢɯ ɱɚɫɬɨɬ ɎɄ — ɮɚɡɨɜɵɣ ɤɨɪɪɟɤɬɨɪ Ɏɇɑ — ɮɢɥɶɬɪ ɧɢɠɧɢɯ ɱɚɫɬɨɬ

ɎɉɁ — ɮɢɥɶɬɪ ɩɨɥɨɫɧɨ-ɡɚɝɪɚɠɞɚɸɳɢɣ Ɏɉɉ — ɮɢɥɶɬɪ ɩɨɥɨɫɧɨ-ɩɪɨɩɭɫɤɚɸɳɢɣ Ɏɑɏ — ɮɚɡɨɱɚɫɬɨɬɧɚɹ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɚ ɐȺɉ — ɰɢɮɪɨɚɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɣ ɩɪɟɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɬɟɥɶ ɒɂɆ — ɲɢɪɨɬɧɨ-ɢɦɩɭɥɶɫɧɵɣ ɦɨɞɭɥɹɬɨɪ ɗȾɋ — ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɞɜɢɠɭɳɚɹ ɫɢɥɚ ɗɋɅ — ɷɦɢɬɬɟɪɧɨ-ɫɜɹɡɚɧɧɚɹ ɥɨɝɢɤɚ

8 ɉɪɨɝɪ ɦɦ ɫɯɟɦɨɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɦɨɞɟɥɢɪɨɜ ɧɢɹ Micro-Cap. ȼɟɪɫɢɢ 9, 10

3D — ɬɪɟɯɦɟɪɧɵɣ AC — ɩɟɪɟɦɟɧɧɵɣ ɬɨɤ

AVG — ɫɪɟɞɧɟɟ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ

BJT — ɛɢɩɨɥɹɪɧɵɣ ɬɪɚɧɡɢɫɬɨɪ (Bipolar Junction Transistor)

BW — ɲɢɪɢɧɚ ɩɨɥɨɫɵ ɱɚɫɬɨɬ ɫɢɝɧɚɥɚ

ɋɆ — Current Mode, ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɨɬɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɞɥɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɩɪɨɜɨɞɹ- ɳɟɝɨ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɹ ɫɢɥɨɜɨɝɨ ɤɥɸɱɚ ɜ ɂɂȼɗɉ c ɦɟɫɬɧɨɣ ɨɛɪɚɬɧɨɣ ɫɜɹɡɶɸ ɩɨ

ɬɨɤɭ ɫɢɥɨɜɨɝɨ ɤɥɸɱɚ

GaAsFET — ɩɨɥɟɜɨɣ ɬɪɚɧɡɢɫɬɨɪ ɫ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɹɸɳɢɦ p-n ɩɟɪɟɯɨɞɨɦ ɧɚ ɨɫɧɨɜɟ

ɚɪɫɟɧɢɞɚ ɝɚɥɥɢɹ

DC — ɩɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɵɣ ɬɨɤ

DFF — ɫɢɧɯɪɨɧɧɵɣ D-ɬɪɢɝɝɟɪ, ɩɟɪɟɤɥɸɱɚɸɳɢɣɫɹ ɩɨ ɮɪɨɧɬɭ ɫɢɧɯɪɨɢɦɩɭɥɶɫɚ DLTCH — ɫɢɧɯɪɨɧɧɵɣ D-ɬɪɢɝɝɟɪ, ɭɩɪɚɜɥɹɟɦɵɣ ɭɪɨɜɧɟɦ ɫɢɧɯɪɨɢɦɩɭɥɶɫɚ (ɡɚɳɺɥɤɚ)

FFT – ɛɵɫɬɪɨɟ ɩɪɟɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɟ Ɏɭɪɶɟ

IBIS — ɫɩɟɰɢɮɢɤɚɰɢɹ ɛɭɮɟɪɚ ɜɜɨɞɚ-ɜɵɜɨɞɚ (Input output Buffer Information

Specification)

IFT — ɨɛɪɚɬɧɨɟ ɩɪɟɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɟ Ɏɭɪɶɟ

IGBT — ɛɢɩɨɥɹɪɧɵɟ ɬɪɚɧɡɢɫɬɨɪɵ ɫ ɢɡɨɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɦ ɡɚɬɜɨɪɨɦ IMD — ɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬ ɢɧɬɟɪɦɨɞɭɥɹɰɢɨɧɧɵɯ ɢɫɤɚɠɟɧɢɣ

JFET — ɩɨɥɟɜɨɣ ɬɪɚɧɡɢɫɬɨɪ ɫ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɹɸɳɢɦ p-n ɩɟɪɟɯɨɞɨɦ (Junction Field

Effect Transistor)

JKFF — JK-ɬɪɢɝɝɟɪ, ɩɟɪɟɤɥɸɱɚɸɳɢɣɫɹ ɩɨ ɫɪɟɡɭ ɫɢɧɯɪɨɢɦɩɭɥɶɫɚ

MC10 — Micro-Cap 10

MC9 — Micro-Cap 9

MFB — ɦɧɨɝɨɩɟɬɥɟɜɚɹ ɨɛɪɚɬɧɚɹ ɫɜɹɡɶ

MOSFET — ɩɨɥɟɜɨɣ ɬɪɚɧɡɢɫɬɨɪ ɫɨ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɨɣ ɦɟɬɚɥɥ-ɨɤɢɫɟɥ-

ɩɨɥɭɩɪɨɜɨɞɧɢɤ (Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor)

MS — Microsoft

NTSC — ɨɞɢɧ ɢɡ ɫɬɚɧɞɚɪɬɨɜ ɬɟɥɟɜɢɡɢɨɧɧɨɝɨ ɫɢɝɧɚɥɚ OPAMP — ɨɩɟɪɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɣ ɭɫɢɥɢɬɟɥɶ

PLA — ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɢɪɭɟɦɚɹ ɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɦɚɬɪɢɰɚ

PID — ɩɪɨɩɨɪɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨ ɢɧɬɟɝɪɢɪɭɸɳɟɟ ɞɢɮɮɟɪɟɧɰɢɪɭɸɳɟɟ ɡɜɟɧɨ

PSS (Periodic Steady State) — ɫɬɚɰɢɨɧɚɪɧɵɣ ɪɟɠɢɦ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɚ ɫ ɩɟɪɢɨɞɢ-

ɱɟɫɤɢɦɢ ɜɨɡɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹɦɢ

PWM — ɲɢɪɨɬɧɨ-ɢɦɩɭɥɶɫɧɵɣ ɦɨɞɭɥɹɬɨɪ

RLC — ɡɜɟɧɨ ɜɬɨɪɨɝɨ ɩɨɪɹɞɤɚ ɧɚ ɨɫɧɨɜɟ ɫɨɟɞɢɧɟɧɢɹ ɪɟɡɢɫɬɨɪɚ, ɤɨɧɞɟɧɫɚ-

ɬɨɪɚ ɢ ɤɚɬɭɲɤɢ ɢɧɞɭɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɢ

RMS — ɫɪɟɞɧɟɤɜɚɞɪɚɬɢɱɧɨɟ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ

SMPS — ɢɦɩɭɥɶɫɧɵɟ ɢɫɬɨɱɧɢɤɢ ɩɢɬɚɧɢɹ

SNR — signal to noise ratio, ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɟ ɫɢɝɧɚɥ-ɲɭɦ

SPICE — ɹɡɵɤ ɦɨɞɟɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɧɵɯ ɫɯɟɦ

SRFF — ɫɢɧɯɪɨɧɧɵɣ RS-ɬɪɢɝɝɟɪ, ɭɩɪɚɜɥɹɟɦɵɣ ɭɪɨɜɧɟɦ ɫɢɧɯɪɨɢɦɩɭɥɶɫɚ UCE — ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɟ ɤɨɥɥɟɤɬɨɪ-ɷɦɢɬɬɟɪ

URL — ɂɧɬɟɪɧɟɬ-ɚɞɪɟɫ

VM — Voltage Mode, ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɨɬɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɞɥɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɩɪɨɜɨɞɹ-

ɳɟɝɨ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɹ ɫɢɥɨɜɨɝɨ ɤɥɸɱɚ ɜ ɂɂȼɗɉ

1.ɈɋɇɈȼɇɕȿ ɋȼȿȾȿɇɂə Ɉ ɉɊɈȽɊȺɆɆȺɏ MICRO-CAP 9, 10

1.1.ȼɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦ Micro-Cap 9, 10

1.1.1.Ƚɪɚɮɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɢ

x ɉɨɫɬɪɨɟɧɢɟ ɩɪɢɧɰɢɩɢɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɢ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɫɯɟɦ ɩɪɢ ɩɨɦɨɳɢ ɜɫɬɪɨɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɝɪɚɮɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɪɟɞɚɤɬɨɪɚ ɫ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟɦ ɛɢɛɥɢɨɬɟ- ɤɢ ɭɫɥɨɜɧɵɯ ɝɪɚɮɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɨɛɨɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɣ (ɍȽɈ) ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɧɵɯ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɨɜ.

xɋɨɡɞɚɧɢɟ ɞɥɹ ɤɚɠɞɨɝɨ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɚ ɧɟɫɤɨɥɶɤɢɯ ɜɚɪɢɚɧɬɨɜ ɍȽɈ.

xȼɵɛɨɪ ɨɞɧɨɝɨ ɢɡ ɜɚɪɢɚɧɬɨɜ ɍȽɈ ɜ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɫ ɚɦɟɪɢɤɚɧɫɤɢɦɢ, ɟɜɪɨ- ɩɟɣɫɤɢɦɢ ɥɢɛɨ ɢɧɵɦɢ ɫɬɚɧɞɚɪɬɚɦɢ.

xɂɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɟ ɍȽɈ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɨɜ ɜ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɫ ȽɈɋɌ (ɩɨ ɭɦɨɥɱɚɧɢɸ ɢɫ- ɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɬɫɹ ɚɦɟɪɢɤɚɧɫɤɢɣ ɫɬɚɧɞɚɪɬ).

xɋɨɡɞɚɧɢɟ ɫɨɛɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯ ɍȽɈ ɫ ɩɨɦɨɳɶɸ ɜɫɬɪɨɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɪɟɞɚɤɬɨɪɚ Shape Editor.

xɇɚɧɟɫɟɧɢɟ ɬɟɤɫɬɨɜɵɯ ɧɚɞɩɢɫɟɣ ɧɚ ɩɨɥɟ ɩɪɢɧɰɢɩɢɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɯɟɦɵ, ɜ ɬɨɦ ɱɢɫɥɟ ɢ ɬɟɤɫɬɨɜɵɯ ɨɛɨɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɣ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɯ ɭɡɥɨɜ (ɞɥɹ ɭɞɨɛɫɬɜɚ ɦɨɞɟɥɢɪɨ- ɜɚɧɢɹ). ȼɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɶ ɜɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɹ/ɨɬɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɹ ɨɬɨɛɪɚɠɟɧɢɹ ɬɟɤɫɬɨɜɵɯ ɧɚɞ- ɩɢɫɟɣ ɧɚ ɩɪɢɧɰɢɩɢɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɯɟɦɟ. ɇɟɩɪɢɹɬɧɚɹ ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɶ – ɜ ɜɟɪɫɢɢ Ɇɋ9 (ɢ ɜɫɟɯ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɦɥɚɞɲɢɯ) ɧɟɥɶɡɹ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶ ɫɬɪɨɱɧɭɸ ɛɭɤɜɭ «ɸ». Ɉɧɚ ɜɜɨɞɢɬɫɹ, ɧɨ ɬɟɪɹɟɬɫɹ ɩɪɢ ɫɨɯɪɚɧɟɧɢɢ ɮɚɣɥɚ. ȼɦɟɫɬɨ ɧɟɟ ɩɪɢɯɨɞɢɬɫɹ ɢɫ- ɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶ ɩɪɨɩɢɫɧɭɸ «ɘ». ɗɬɚ ɨɲɢɛɤɚ ɢɫɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɚ ɜ ɜɟɪɫɢɢ MC10.

xȾɨɛɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɤ ɩɪɢɧɰɢɩɢɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɯɟɦɟ ɪɚɦɤɢ ɢ ɲɬɚɦɩɚ ɫ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɦɢ ɫɜɟɞɟ- ɧɢɹɦɢ ɨ ɫɯɟɦɟ.

xɉɨɫɬɪɨɟɧɢɟ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɯ ɝɟɨɦɟɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɮɢɝɭɪ (ɩɪɹɦɨɭɝɨɥɶɧɢɤɨɜ, ɤɪɭɝɨɜ, ɥɢɧɢɣ), ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɦɵɯ ɞɥɹ ɜɵɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɡɚɤɨɧɱɟɧɧɵɯ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɛɥɨ- ɤɨɜ ɫɯɟɦɵ ɦɨɞɟɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ.

xȼɫɬɚɜɤɚ ɢ ɪɚɡɦɟɳɟɧɢɟ ɧɚ ɩɨɥɟ ɩɪɢɧɰɢɩɢɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɯɟɦɵ ɢɡɨɛɪɚɠɟɧɢɹ ɫɨ ɜɫɩɨɦɨɝɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɟɣ ɢɡ ɮɚɣɥɚ ɥɸɛɨɝɨ ɨɛɳɟɩɪɢɧɹɬɨɝɨ ɝɪɚɮɢɱɟ- ɫɤɨɝɨ ɮɨɪɦɚɬɚ.

xɊɚɡɦɟɳɟɧɢɟ ɧɚ ɩɨɥɟ ɩɪɢɧɰɢɩɢɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɯɟɦɵ (ɢɥɢ ɜ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɦ ɬɟɤɫɬɨ- ɜɨɦ ɨɤɧɟ) ɬɟɤɫɬɨɜɵɯ ɞɢɪɟɤɬɢɜ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɦɨɞɟɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟɦ, ɡɚɞɚɧɢɹ ɩɚ- ɪɚɦɟɬɪɨɜ ɦɨɞɟɥɟɣ, ɡɚɞɚɧɢɹ ɝɥɨɛɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɨɜ ɦɨɞɟɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ.

xɈɬɨɛɪɚɠɟɧɢɟ ɧɨɦɟɪɨɜ ɭɡɥɨɜ ɩɪɢɧɰɢɩɢɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɯɟɦɵ, ɩɪɢɫɜɚɢɜɚɟɦɵɯ ɝɪɚ- ɮɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɪɟɞɚɤɬɨɪɨɦ ɩɪɢ ɜɜɨɞɟ ɫɯɟɦɵ.

xȼɵɛɨɪ ɩɨɤɚɡɵɜɚɟɦɵɯ ɚɬɪɢɛɭɬɨɜ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɚ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɧɨɣ ɫɯɟɦɵ (ɧɨɦɢɧɚɥɶ- ɧɨɝɨ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ, ɧɚɢɦɟɧɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɜɵɜɨɞɨɜ, ɩɨɡɢɰɢɨɧɧɨɝɨ ɨɛɨɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ, ɩɚɪɚ- ɦɟɬɪɨɜ ɢ ɢɦɟɧɢ ɦɚɤɪɨɦɨɞɟɥɢ ɢ ɩɪ.) ɩɭɬɟɦ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɢ/ɫɧɹɬɢɹ ɮɥɚɝɨɜ ɜ ɨɤɧɟ ɡɚɞɚɧɢɹ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɨɜ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɟɝɨ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɚ.

xȼɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɟ/ɨɬɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɟ ɩɨɤɚɡɚ ɜɫɟɯ ɪɚɡɪɟɲɟɧɧɵɯ ɬɟɤɫɬɨɜɵɯ ɚɬɪɢɛɭɬɨɜ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɧɵɯ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɨɜ ɫɯɟɦɵ.

xɂɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɤɨɨɪɞɢɧɚɬɧɨɣ ɫɟɬɤɢ ɫ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɦ ɲɚɝɨɦ, ɩɨɤɚɡ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɣ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɜɤɥɸɱɚɬɶ/ɨɬɤɥɸɱɚɬɶ.

xɂɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟ «ɪɚɫɬɹɝɢɜɚɸɳɢɯɫɹ ɩɪɨɜɨɞɧɢɤɨɜ», ɧɟ ɧɚɪɭɲɚɸɳɢɯ ɷɥɟɤ-

ɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɫɨɟɞɢɧɟɧɢɟ ɩɪɢ ɩɟɪɟɦɟɳɟɧɢɢ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɨɜ ɩɪɢɧɰɢɩɢɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɯɟɦɵ.

xɆɚɫɲɬɚɛɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɢɡɨɛɪɚɠɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɢɧɰɢɩɢɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɯɟɦɵ ɧɚ ɷɤɪɚɧɟ (ɭɜɟɥɢ- ɱɟɧɢɟ, ɭɦɟɧɶɲɟɧɢɟ).

xɉɨɢɫɤ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɚ ɧɚ ɩɪɢɧɰɢɩɢɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɯɟɦɟ ɩɨ ɡɚɞɚɧɧɨɦɭ ɩɪɢɡɧɚɤɭ.

xɇɚɜɢɝɚɰɢɹ ɩɨ ɫɯɟɦɟ ɫ ɩɨɦɨɳɶɸ ɥɢɧɟɟɤ ɩɪɨɤɪɭɬɤɢ ɢ ɩɪɨɬɹɠɤɢ ɩɪɚɜɨɣ ɤɥɚ- ɜɢɲɢ ɦɵɲɢ.

xɊɚɫɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɚ ɦɟɬɨɤ (ɮɥɚɝɨɜ) ɧɚ ɩɪɢɧɰɢɩɢɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɯɟɦɟ ɛɨɥɶɲɨɝɨ ɪɚɡɦɟɪɚ ɞɥɹ ɛɵɫɬɪɨɣ ɧɚɜɢɝɚɰɢɢ ɩɨ ɫɯɟɦɟ.

xȼɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɶ ɩɨɤɚɡɚ ɬɨɱɟɤ ɜɵɜɨɞɨɜ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɨɜ ɞɥɹ ɜɵɹɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɨɬɫɭɬɫɬ- ɜɢɹ ɫɨɟɞɢɧɟɧɢɹ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɧɢɦɢ.

xȼɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɶ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ ɰɜɟɬɨɜɵɯ ɢ ɲɪɢɮɬɨɜɵɯ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɨɜ ɨɬɨɛɪɚɠɟɧɢɹ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɨɜ ɫɯɟɦ ɨɬɞɟɥɶɧɨ ɩɨ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɚɦ ɢɥɢ ɩɟɪɟɞ ɧɚɱɚɥɨɦ ɜɜɨɞɚ ɞɥɹ ɜɫɟɣ ɩɪɢɧɰɢɩɢɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɯɟɦɵ.

xɈɩɟɪɚɰɢɢ ɫ ɜɵɞɟɥɟɧɧɵɦ ɛɥɨɤɨɦ ɩɪɢɧɰɢɩɢɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɯɟɦɵ (ɤɨɩɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ, ɨɬɪɚɠɟɧɢɟ, ɪɚɡɦɧɨɠɟɧɢɟ, ɢ ɬ.ɞ.).

xɍɫɥɨɜɧɵɣ ɢ ɛɟɡɭɫɥɨɜɧɵɣ ɡɚɩɪɟɬ ɜɵɞɟɥɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɫɯɟɦɧɨɝɨ ɛɥɨɤɚ ɞɥɹ ɜɫɟɯ ɜɢ- ɞɨɜ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɚ. ɉɪɢ ɡɚɩɪɟɬɟ ɫɯɟɦɧɵɣ ɛɥɨɤ ɨɬɨɛɪɚɠɚɟɬɫɹ ɛɥɟɞɧɵɦɢ ɥɢɧɢɹɦɢ.

xɊɚɡɦɟɳɟɧɢɟ ɫɯɟɦɵ ɦɨɞɟɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɧɚ ɧɟɫɤɨɥɶɤɢɯ ɥɢɫɬɚɯ (ɜ ɧɟɫɤɨɥɶɤɢɯ ɨɤɧɚɯ).

1.1.2.Ɇɨɞɟɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ

xɆɨɞɟɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɪɟɠɢɦɨɜ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɧɵɯ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜ, ɡɚɞɚɧɧɵɯ ɫ ɩɨ- ɦɨɳɶɸ ɩɪɢɧɰɢɩɢɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɢ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɫɯɟɦ.

xɧɚɥɢɡ ɩɟɪɟɯɨɞɧɵɯ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɨɜ ɜ ɫɯɟɦɚɯ ɩɪɢ ɩɨɞɚɱɟ ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɹ ɩɢɬɚɧɢɹ ɢ (ɢɥɢ) ɜɨɡɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɣ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɥɶɧɨɣ ɮɨɪɦɵ ɫ ɩɨɫɬɪɨɟɧɢɟɦ ɝɪɚɮɢɤɨɜ ɩɟɪɟ- ɦɟɧɧɵɯ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɹ ɫɯɟɦɵ ɢ ɢɯ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɣ:

ɡɚɜɢɫɹɳɢɯ ɨɬ ɜɪɟɦɟɧɢ; ɡɚɜɢɫɹɳɢɯ ɞɪɭɝ ɨɬ ɞɪɭɝɚ;

ɪɚɡɥɨɠɟɧɧɵɯ ɜ ɪɹɞ Ɏɭɪɶɟ ɩɨ ɝɚɪɦɨɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɦ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɸɳɢɦ.

xɧɚɥɢɡ ɦɚɥɨɫɢɝɧɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɧɵɯ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤ ɫɯɟɦɵ (ɥɢɧɟɚɪɢɡɨɜɚɧ- ɧɨɣ ɜ ɨɤɪɟɫɬɧɨɫɬɢ ɪɟɠɢɦɚ ɩɨ ɩɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɨɦɭ ɬɨɤɭ) ɩɪɢ ɜɨɡɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɢ ɧɚ ɧɟɟ

ɨɞɧɨɝɨ ɢɥɢ ɧɟɫɤɨɥɶɤɢɯ ɢɫɬɨɱɧɢɤɨɜ ɝɚɪɦɨɧɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɫɢɝɧɚɥɚ ɫ ɩɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɨɣ ɚɦɩɥɢɬɭɞɨɣ ɢ ɦɟɧɹɸɳɟɣɫɹ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɨɣ. ɉɪɢ ɷɬɨɦ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɟɧ ɜɵɜɨɞ ɫɥɟɞɭɸ- ɳɢɯ ɝɪɚɮɢɤɨɜ:

ɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫɧɵɯ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɣ ɩɟɪɟɦɟɧɧɵɯ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɹ (ɚɦɩɥɢ- ɬɭɞɵ, ɮɚɡɵ, ɝɪɭɩɩɨɜɨɣ ɡɚɞɟɪɠɤɢ) ɨɬ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɵ ɜ ɥɢɧɟɣɧɨɦ, ɥɨɝɚɪɢɮ- ɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɦ, ɩɨɥɭɥɨɝɚɪɢɮɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɦ (ɥɨɝɚɪɢɮɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɦ ɩɨ ɨɫɢ X ɢɥɢ ɩɨ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɟ ɢ ɥɢɧɟɣɧɵɦ ɩɨ ɨɫɢ Y) ɦɚɫɲɬɚɛɚɯ;

ɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɸɳɢɯ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫɧɵɯ ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧ ɩɟɪɟɦɟɧɧɵɯ ɫɨ- ɫɬɨɹɧɢɹ ɞɪɭɝ ɨɬ ɞɪɭɝɚ (ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ, ɩɨɫɬɪɨɟɧɢɟ ɝɨɞɨɝɪɚɮɚ ɪɚɞɢɭɫ- ɜɟɤɬɨɪɚ ɩɟɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɣ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɹ ɩɪɢ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɜ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɟ ɩɟɪɟ- ɦɟɧɧɨɣ X — ɱɚɫɬɨɬɧɨ-ɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɣ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɱɚɫɬɢ, ɜ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɟ ɩɟɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɣ Y — ɱɚɫɬɨɬɧɨ-ɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɣ ɦɧɢɦɨɣ ɱɚɫɬɢ);

ɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɫɩɟɤɬɪɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɩɥɨɬɧɨɫɬɟɣ ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɣ ɲɭɦɚ, ɩɪɢɜɟɞɟɧ- ɧɵɯ ɤ ɭɤɚɡɚɧɧɵɦ ɜɯɨɞɧɨɦɭ ɢ ɜɵɯɨɞɧɨɦɭ ɭɡɥɚɦ, ɨɬ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɵ.

xɧɚɥɢɡ ɩɟɪɟɞɚɬɨɱɧɵɯ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤ ɩɨ ɩɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɨɦɭ ɬɨɤɭ. ȼɨɡɦɨɠɧɨ ɩɪɨ- ɜɟɞɟɧɢɟ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɚ ɩɪɢ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɢ ɞɜɭɯ ɜɯɨɞɧɵɯ ɩɟɪɟɦɟɧɧɵɯ, ɱɬɨ ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɟɬ ɫɬɪɨɢɬɶ ɧɚ ɝɪɚɮɢɤɟ ɫɟɦɟɣɫɬɜɚ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɚ (ɤɚɤ, ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ,