Микросхемотехника / amelina_m_a_amelin_s_a_programma_shemotehnicheskogo_modeliro

ɦɨɠɧɨ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɬɶ ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɵ ɛɚɬɚɪɟɣ, ɪɟɡɢɫɬɨɪɨɜ, ɤɨɧɞɟɧɫɚɬɨɪɨɜ, ɢɧɞɭɤ- ɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɟɣ. Micro-Cap ɜ ɨɬɜɟɬ ɩɪɨɜɨɞɢɬ ɦɚɥɨɫɢɝɧɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɚɧɚɥɢɡ ɧɚ ɬɟɤɭɳɟɣ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɟ ɢ ɜɵɜɨɞɢɬ ɩɪɹɦɨ ɧɚ ɩɨɥɟ ɫɯɟɦɵ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫɧɵɟ ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɵ ɭɡɥɨɜɵɯ ɩɨ-

ɬɟɧɰɢɚɥɨɜ (ɬɨɤɨɜ ɜɟɬɜɟɣ , ɦɨɳɧɨɫɬɟɣ ).

Sensitivity (Alt+6) — ɪɚɫɱɟɬ ɱɭɜɫɬɜɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɟɣ ɪɟɠɢɦɚ ɩɨ ɩɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɨɦɭ ɬɨɤɭ. ȼ ɷɬɨɦ ɪɟɠɢɦɟ ɪɚɫɫɱɢɬɵɜɚɸɬɫɹ ɱɭɜɫɬɜɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɨɞɧɨɣ ɢɥɢ ɧɟɫɤɨɥɶɤɢɯ ɜɵɯɨɞɧɵɯ ɩɟɪɟɦɟɧɧɵɯ ɤ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɸ ɨɞɧɨɝɨ ɢɥɢ ɧɟɫɤɨɥɶɤɢɯ ɜɯɨɞɧɵɯ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬ- ɪɨɜ. ȼ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɟ ɜɯɨɞɧɵɯ ɢɡɦɟɧɹɟɦɵɯ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɨɜ ɞɥɹ ɷɬɨɝɨ ɜɢɞɚ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɚ ɦɨ- ɝɭɬ ɜɵɫɬɭɩɚɬɶ ɜɫɟ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɵ ɦɨɞɟɥɟɣ, ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɵ ɩɚɫɫɢɜɧɵɯ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɨɜ, ɫɢɦɜɨɥɶɧɵɟ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɵ. ɉɪɢ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɟ ɦɧɨɠɟɫɬɜɚ ɜɯɨɞɧɵɯ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɨɜ ɢ ɜɵ- ɯɨɞɧɵɯ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɣ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɛɵɬɶ ɫɝɟɧɟɪɢɪɨɜɚɧ ɜɟɫɶɦɚ ɨɛɲɢɪɧɵɣ ɨɛɴɟɦ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ.

Transfer Function (Alt+7) — ɪɚɫɱɟɬ ɦɚɥɨɫɢɝɧɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɩɟɪɟɞɚɬɨɱɧɵɯ ɮɭɧɤ- ɰɢɣ ɜ ɪɟɠɢɦɟ ɩɨ ɩɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɨɦɭ ɬɨɤɭ. Ɋɚɫɫɱɢɬɵɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɟ ɢɡɦɟɪɟɧɧɨɝɨ

ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ ɡɚɞɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɟɥɟɦ ɜɵɯɨɞɧɨɝɨ ɜɵɪɚɠɟɧɢɹ ɤ ɜɵɡɜɚɜɲɟɦɭ ɷɬɨ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɟ ɦɚɥɨɦɭ ɜɨɡɦɭɳɟɧɢɸ ɡɚɞɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɟɥɟɦ ɜɯɨɞɧɨɝɨ ɢɫɬɨɱɧɢ- ɤɚ ɩɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɨɝɨ ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɹ (ɬɨɤɚ). ɉɪɢ ɷɬɨɦ ɚɜɬɨɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢ ɪɚɫɫɱɢɬɵɜɚɸɬɫɹ ɜɯɨɞɧɨɟ ɢ ɜɵɯɨɞɧɨɟ ɫɨɩɪɨɬɢɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɫɯɟɦɵ ɧɚ ɩɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɨɦ ɬɨɤɟ.

Distortion ɜ MC9, Harmonic distornion ɜ MC10 (Alt+8) — ɪɚɫɱɟɬ ɧɟɥɢ-

ɧɟɣɧɵɯ ɢɫɤɚɠɟɧɢɣ ɭɫɢɥɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɫɯɟɦ ɫ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟɦ ɦɚɬɟɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɚɩɩɚɪɚɬɚ ɫɩɟɤɬɪɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ Ɏɭɪɶɟ-ɚɧɚɥɢɡɚ. Ɏɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɢ ɜ ɷɬɨɦ ɪɟɠɢɦɟ ɡɚɩɭɫɤɚ-

ɟɬɫɹ ɚɧɚɥɢɡ ɩɟɪɟɯɨɞɧɵɯ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɨɜ ɩɪɢ ɝɚɪɦɨɧɢɱɟɫɤɨɦ ɜɨɡɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɢ ɧɚ ɜɯɨɞɟ ɫɯɟɦɵ ɢ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɸɬɫɹ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɢ ɫɩɟɤɬɪɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɚ ɞɥɹ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɚ ɧɟɥɢɧɟɣ- ɧɵɯ ɢɫɤɚɠɟɧɢɣ. Ɇɨɠɧɨ ɢɡɦɟɧɹɬɶ ɭɪɨɜɟɧɶ ɜɯɨɞɧɨɝɨ ɫɢɝɧɚɥɚ ɢ (ɢɥɢ) ɟɝɨ ɱɚɫɬɨ- ɬɭ ɢ ɫɬɪɨɢɬɶ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬɚ ɝɚɪɦɨɧɢɤ THD ɢ ɫɜɹɡɚɧɧɵɯ ɫ ɧɢɦ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɬɟɥɟɣ (THDN, SINAD, SNR), ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɝɚɪɦɨɧɢɤɢ ɜɵɯɨɞɧɨɝɨ ɫɢɝɧɚɥɚ ɫ ɥɸɛɵɦ ɧɨɦɟɪɨɦ ɨɬ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɯ ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧ:

xɜɯɨɞɧɨɝɨ ɫɢɝɧɚɥɚ VIN,

xɜɵɯɨɞɧɨɝɨ ɫɢɝɧɚɥɚ — VOUT,

xɜɯɨɞɧɨɣ ɦɨɳɧɨɫɬɢ — PIN,

xɢɥɢ ɜɵɯɨɞɧɨɣ ɦɨɳɧɨɫɬɢ — POUT.

Ƚɪɚɮɢɤɢ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɛɵɬɶ ɜɵɜɟɞɟɧɵ ɜ ɨɛɵɱɧɵɯ ɟɞɢɧɢɰɚɯ, ɜ ɞɟɰɢɛɟɥɚɯ, ɢ ɜ ɩɪɨɰɟɧɬɚɯ. Ⱦɥɹ ɞɨɫɬɢɠɟɧɢɹ ɛɵɫɬɪɨɣ ɫɯɨɞɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɢ ɦɢɧɢɦɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɩɨɝɪɟɲɧɨ- ɫɬɟɣ ɛɵɫɬɪɨɝɨ ɩɪɟɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ Ɏɭɪɶɟ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɸɬɫɹ ɦɟɬɨɞɵ PSS.

Intermodulation Distortion ɜ MC10 (Alt+9) — ɪɚɫɱɟɬ ɢɧɬɟɪɦɨɞɭɥɹɰɢɨɧɧɵɯ ɢɫɤɚɠɟɧɢɣ ɭɫɢɥɢɬɟɥɹ ɩɨ ɨɞɧɨɣ ɢɡ 3-ɯ ɦɟɬɨɞɢɤ: SMPTE, CCIF, DIN. Ɇɨɠɧɨ ɢɡ- ɦɟɧɹɬɶ ɭɪɨɜɟɧɶ ɜɯɨɞɧɨɝɨ ɫɢɝɧɚɥɚ ɢ (ɢɥɢ) ɟɝɨ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɭ ɢ ɫɬɪɨɢɬɶ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɢɧɬɟɪɦɨɞɭɥɹɰɢɨɧɧɵɯ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɸɳɢɯ IM2 — ɜɬɨɪɨɝɨ ɩɨɪɹɞɤɚ, IM3 — ɬɪɟɬɶɟɝɨ ɩɨɪɹɞɤɚ, H1 — ɩɟɪɜɨɣ ɝɚɪɦɨɧɢɤɢ ɨɬ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɵ F, ɜɯɨɞɧɨɝɨ ɫɢɝɧɚɥɚ VIN, ɜɵɯɨɞ- ɧɨɝɨ ɫɢɝɧɚɥɚ — VOUT, ɜɯɨɞɧɨɣ ɦɨɳɧɨɫɬɢ — PIN ɢɥɢ ɜɵɯɨɞɧɨɣ ɦɨɳɧɨɫɬɢ — POUT. ɂɡɦɟɪɟɧɢɟ ɢɧɬɟɪɦɨɞɭɥɹɰɢɨɧɧɵɯ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɸɳɢɯ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɫ ɢɫ- ɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟɦ ɨɞɧɨɣ ɢɡ ɬɪɟɯ ɦɟɬɨɞɢɤ: SMPTE, CCIF, ɢɥɢ DIN. ɉɪɢ ɷɬɨɦ ɢɫ-

ɩɨɥɶɡɭɸɬɫɹ ɫɬɚɧɞɚɪɬɧɵɟ ɭɪɨɜɧɢ ɢ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɵ ɜɯɨɞɧɵɯ ɫɢɝɧɚɥɨɜ ɢɥɢ ɨɧɢ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɡɚɞɚɜɚɬɶɫɹ ɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɟɥɟɦ.

Probe Transient... (Ctrl+Alt+1) — ɚɧɚɥɢɡ ɩɟɪɟɯɨɞɧɵɯ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɨɜ ɢ ɨɬɨ- ɛɪɚɠɟɧɢɟ ɢɯ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɨɜ ɜ ɪɟɠɢɦɟ Probe. ȼ ɷɬɨɦ ɪɟɠɢɦɟ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɬɫɹ ɡɚ-

ɩɭɫɤ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɚ ɩɟɪɟɯɨɞɧɵɯ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɨɜ ɢ ɫɨɯɪɚɧɟɧɢɟ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɨɜ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɚ ɧɚ

ɞɢɫɤɟ. ȿɫɥɢ ɤɥɢɤɧɭɬɶ ɦɵɲɶɸ ɜ ɢɧɬɟɪɟɫɭɸɳɢɣ ɭɡɟɥ ɫɯɟɦɵ, ɬɨ ɜɵɜɟɞɟɬɫɹ ɡɚ- ɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɶ ɨɬ ɜɪɟɦɟɧɢ ɫɢɝɧɚɥɚ ɜ ɷɬɨɦ ɭɡɥɟ.

Probe AC... (Ctrl+Alt+2) — ɚɧɚɥɢɡ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɧɵɯ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤ ɢ ɨɬɨɛɪɚɠɟ- ɧɢɟ ɢɯ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɨɜ ɜ ɪɟɠɢɦɟ Probe.

Probe DC... (Ctrl+Alt+3) — ɚɧɚɥɢɡ ɩɟɪɟɞɚɬɨɱɧɵɯ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɣ ɩɨ ɩɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɨɦɭ ɬɨɤɭ ɢ ɨɬɨɛɪɚɠɟɧɢɟ ɢɯ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɨɜ ɜ ɪɟɠɢɦɟ Probe.

ɋɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɨɬɦɟɬɢɬɶ, ɱɬɨ ɩɪɢ ɡɚɩɭɫɤɟ ɥɸɛɨɝɨ ɪɟɠɢɦɚ Probe (Transient, AC, DC) ɜ ɜɟɪɯɧɟɣ ɱɚɫɬɢ ɷɤɪɚɧɚ ɩɨɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɧɨɜɵɟ ɩɭɧɤɬɵ ɦɟɧɸ: Probe, Vertical, Horizontal, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɬ ɤɨɦɚɧɞɵ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɷɬɢɦ ɪɟɠɢɦɨɦ (ɨɧɢ ɛɭɞɭɬ ɪɚɫɫɦɨɬɪɟɧɵ ɧɢɠɟ).

3.3.9. ɉɭɧɤɬ ɦɟɧɸ DESIGN

ɋɨɞɟɪɠɢɬ ɤɨɦɚɧɞɵ ɫɢɧɬɟɡɚ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɢ ɩɚɫɫɢɜɧɵɯ ɮɢɥɶɬɪɨɜ.

Active Filters… — ɤɨɦɚɧɞɚ ɡɚɩɭɫɤɚ ɫɢɧɬɟɡɚ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɮɢɥɶɬɪɨɜ ɫ ɡɚɞɚɧ- ɧɵɦɢ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɚɦɢ. Ɇɨɠɧɨ ɫɨɡɞɚɜɚɬɶ ɮɢɥɶɬɪɵ ɧɢɠɧɢɯ ɱɚɫɬɨɬ (Ɏɇɑ), ɮɢɥɶɬ- ɪɵ ɜɟɪɯɧɢɯ ɱɚɫɬɨɬ (Ɏȼɑ), ɩɨɥɨɫɧɨ-ɩɪɨɩɭɫɤɚɸɳɢɟ ɮɢɥɶɬɪɵ (Ɏɉɉ), ɩɨɥɨɫɧɨ- ɡɚɝɪɚɠɞɚɸɳɢɟ ɮɢɥɶɬɪɵ (ɎɉɁ), ɮɢɥɶɬɪɵ ɡɚɞɟɪɠɤɢ. Ⱦɥɹ ɫɢɧɬɟɡɚ ɮɢɥɶɬɪɨɜ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶ ɩɨɥɢɧɨɦɢɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɚɩɩɪɨɤɫɢɦɚɰɢɢ Ȼɚɬɟɪɜɨɪɬɚ, ɑɟɛɵɲɟ- ɜɚ, Ȼɟɫɫɟɥɹ, ɢɧɜɟɪɫɧɭɸ ɑɟɛɵɲɟɜɚ, Ʉɚɭɷɪɚ (ɷɥɥɢɩɬɢɱɟɫɤɭɸ). Ⱦɥɹ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ

ɡɜɟɧɶɟɜ ɫɢɧɬɟɡɢɪɭɟɦɨɝɨ ɮɢɥɶɬɪɚ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɟ ɫɯɟɦɵ ɧɚ ɨɫɧɨɜɟ ɨɩɟɪɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɯ ɭɫɢɥɢɬɟɥɟɣ, ɧɚɱɢɧɚɹ ɨɬ ɫɯɟɦɵ ɋɚɥɥɟɧɚ-Ʉɢ ɢ ɤɨɧɱɚɹ ɫɯɟɦɨɣ Ɍɨɭ-Ɍɨɦɚɫɚ. ȼ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɟ ɫɢɧɬɟɡɚ ɞɨɫɬɭɩɧɵ ɞɥɹ ɩɪɨɫɦɨɬɪɚ ɫɢɧɬɟɡɢ- ɪɭɟɦɚɹ ɫɯɟɦɚ ɮɢɥɶɬɪɚ, ɢɦɩɭɥɶɫɧɚɹ, ɩɟɪɟɯɨɞɧɚɹ, ɚɦɩɥɢɬɭɞɧɨ-ɱɚɫɬɨɬɧɚɹ ɯɚ- ɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɚ ɢɞɟɚɥɢɡɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɣ ɫɯɟɦɵ. ɇɚ ɡɚɤɥɸɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɦ ɷɬɚɩɟ ɞɢɚɥɨɝɚ ɫɨɡɞɚɟɬɫɹ ɫɯɟɦɚ ɮɢɥɶɬɪɚ ɜ ɜɢɞɟ ɧɨɜɨɣ ɫɯɟɦɵ ɢɥɢ ɦɚɤɪɨɦɨɞɟɥɢ (ɩɨ ɜɵɛɨɪɭ).

Passive Filters… ɤɨɦɚɧɞɚ ɡɚɩɭɫɤɚ ɫɢɧɬɟɡɚ ɩɚɫɫɢɜɧɵɯ LC-ɮɢɥɶɬɪɨɜ ɜ ɫɨ- ɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɫ ɜɜɟɞɟɧɧɵɦɢ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɚɦɢ. Ɇɨɠɧɨ ɫɨɡɞɚɜɚɬɶ ɮɢɥɶɬɪɵ ɧɢɠɧɢɯ ɱɚɫɬɨɬ (Ɏɇɑ), ɮɢɥɶɬɪɵ ɜɟɪɯɧɢɯ ɱɚɫɬɨɬ (Ɏȼɑ), ɩɨɥɨɫɧɨ-ɩɪɨɩɭɫɤɚɸɳɢɟ ɮɢɥɶɬ- ɪɵ (Ɏɉɉ) ɢ ɩɨɥɨɫɧɨ-ɡɚɝɪɚɠɞɚɸɳɢɟ ɮɢɥɶɬɪɵ (ɎɉɁ). Ⱦɥɹ ɧɢɯ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɜɵɛɢɪɚɬɶ ɩɨɥɢɧɨɦɢɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɚɩɩɪɨɤɫɢɦɚɰɢɢ Ȼɚɬɟɪɜɨɪɬɚ, ɑɟɛɵɲɟɜɚ, Ʉɚɭɷɪɚ ɢ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨ- ɜɚɬɶ ɞɥɹ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɡɜɟɧɶɟɜ ɫɯɟɦɵ 2-ɯ ɜɢɞɨɜ.

ȼ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɟ ɫɢɧɬɟɡɚ ɢ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɢ ɩɚɫɫɢɜɧɵɯ ɮɢɥɶɬɪɨɜ ɞɨɫɬɭɩɧɵ ɞɥɹ ɩɪɨ- ɫɦɨɬɪɚ ɫɢɧɬɟɡɢɪɭɟɦɚɹ ɫɯɟɦɚ ɮɢɥɶɬɪɚ, ɢɦɩɭɥɶɫɧɚɹ, ɩɟɪɟɯɨɞɧɚɹ, ɚɦɩɥɢɬɭɞɧɨ- ɱɚɫɬɨɬɧɚɹ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɚ ɢɞɟɚɥɢɡɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɣ ɫɯɟɦɵ. ɇɚ ɡɚɤɥɸɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɦ ɷɬɚ-

ɩɟ ɞɢɚɥɨɝɚ ɫɨɡɞɚɟɬɫɹ ɫɯɟɦɚ ɮɢɥɶɬɪɚ ɜ ɜɢɞɟ ɧɨɜɨɣ ɫɯɟɦɵ ɢɥɢ ɦɚɤɪɨɦɨɞɟɥɢ (ɩɨ ɜɵɛɨɪɭ). ɉɨɞɪɨɛɧɭɸ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɸ ɨ ɫɢɧɬɟɡɟ ɮɢɥɶɬɪɨɜ ɫɦ. ɜ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬ- ɜɭɸɳɟɣ ɝɥɚɜɟ.

3.3.10. ɉɭɧɤɬ ɦɟɧɸ MODEL

Ɇɟɧɸ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɫ ɛɢɛɥɢɨɬɟɤɚɦɢ ɦɨɞɟɥɟɣ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɧɵɯ ɩɪɢɛɨɪɨɜ ɜ ɛɢɧɚɪ- ɧɨɦ ɮɨɪɦɚɬɟ (ɫ ɪɚɫɲɢɪɟɧɢɟɦ .LBR) ɢ ɜ ɦɨɞɟɥɶɧɨɦ ɮɨɪɦɚɬɟ (ɫ ɪɚɫɲɢɪɟɧɢɟɦ

.MDL). Ɇɨɠɧɨ ɩɪɨɫɦɚɬɪɢɜɚɬɶ ɢ ɪɟɞɚɤɬɢɪɨɜɚɬɶ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɵ ɦɨɞɟɥɟɣ ɭɤɚɡɚɧɧɨ- ɝɨ ɮɨɪɦɚɬɚ, ɫɨɡɞɚɜɚɬɶ ɧɨɜɵɟ ɦɨɞɟɥɢ ɧɚ ɨɫɧɨɜɟ ɫɩɪɚɜɨɱɧɵɯ ɢ ɷɤɫɩɟɪɢɦɟɧ- ɬɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ ɫ ɩɨɦɨɳɶɸ ɜɫɬɪɨɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɨɩɬɢɦɢɡɚɬɨɪɚ. ɉɨɞɪɨɛɧɨɫɬɢ ɫɦ. ɜ

ɝɥɚɜɟ ɨɩɢɫɚɧɢɹ ɦɚɬɟɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɦɨɞɟɥɟɣ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɨɜ ɢ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɯ ɷɤɪɚɧɧɵɯ ɨɤɨɧ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɵ MODEL.

4. ɎɈɊɆȺɌɕ ɁȺȾȺɇɂə ɄɈɆɉɈɇȿɇɌɈȼ

4.1. Ɉɛɳɢɟ ɫɜɟɞɟɧɢɹ

ɉɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɵ ɜɫɟɯ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɧɵɯ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɨɜ ɡɚɞɚɸɬɫɹ ɩɪɢ ɞɨɛɚɜɥɟɧɢɢ ɜ ɩɪɢɧɰɢɩɢɚɥɶɧɭɸ ɫɯɟɦɭ. ɉɪɢ ɷɬɨɦ ɨɬɤɪɵɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɨɤɧɨ ɡɚɞɚɧɢɹ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɨɜ (ɨɤ- ɧɨ ɚɬɪɢɛɭɬɨɜ). Ʉɪɨɦɟ ɬɨɝɨ, ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɵ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɚ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɜ ɥɸɛɨɣ ɦɨɦɟɧɬ ɨɬɪɟɞɚɤɬɢɪɨɜɚɬɶ — ɨɤɧɨ ɡɚɞɚɧɢɹ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɨɜ ɨɬɤɪɵɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɳɟɥɱɤɨɦ ɥɟɜɨɣ ɤɥɚɜɢɲɢ ɦɵɲɢ ɩɨ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɭ ɫɯɟɦɵ.

ȼɫɟ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɵ ɜ Micro-ɋAP ɦɨɝɭɬ ɛɵɬɶ ɡɚɞɚɧɵ ɞɜɭɦɹ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɚɦɢ:

xɧɟɩɨɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɦ ɜɜɨɞɨɦ ɧɨɦɢɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɚ (ɢɥɢ ɮɭɧɤ-

ɰɢɢ ɞɥɹ ɷɬɨɝɨ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ) ɜ ɩɨɡɢɰɢɢ Capacitance, Inductance, Resistance, Value (ɤɚɤ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɨ, ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɬɫɹ ɞɥɹ ɡɚɞɚɧɢɹ ɩɚɫɫɢɜɧɵɯ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɨɜ) ɢɥɢ (ɢ) ɜɜɨɞɨɦ ɢɦɟɧɢ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɦɨɣ ɦɨɞɟɥɢ ɜ ɩɨɡɢɰɢɸ MODEL (ɤɚɤ ɩɪɚɜɢ- ɥɨ, ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɬɫɹ ɞɥɹ ɡɚɞɚɧɢɹ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɨɜ);

xɡɚɞɚɧɢɟɦ ɢɦɟɧɢ ɩɟɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɣ, ɨɛɨɡɧɚɱɚɸɳɟɣ ɧɨɦɢɧɚɥ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɚ (ɧɚɩɪɢ- ɦɟɪ, Rload, Cout, Cin, Lpins ɢ ɬ.ɞ.), ɤɨɬɨɪɨɟ ɜɜɨɞɢɬɫɹ ɜ ɫɬɪɨɤɟ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ

(Capacitance, Inductance, Resistance), ɫ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɦ ɬɟɤɫɬɨɜɵɦ ɜɜɨɞɨɦ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ, ɫɬɚɜɹɳɟɣ ɜ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɟ ɷɬɨɣ ɩɟɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɣ ɟɝɨ ɧɨɦɢɧɚɥ ɢɥɢ ɦɨɞɟɥɶ. ɗɬɨ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɟ ɭɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɞɢɪɟɤɬɢɜɨɣ «.Define» ɢ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɛɵɬɶ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɟɧɨ ɤɚɤ ɜ ɫɯɟɦɧɨɦ ɨɤɧɟ (ɱɬɨ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɧɚɝɥɹɞɧɨ), ɬɚɤ ɢ ɜ ɬɟɤ- ɫɬɨɜɨɦ ɨɤɧɟ. ɉɪɢɦɟɪ ɞɢɪɟɤɬɢɜɵ: .Define Rload 10Ʉ.

Ɂɚɞɚɧɢɟ ɜɬɨɪɵɦ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɨɦ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɭɧɢɜɟɪɫɚɥɶɧɵɦ. Ɉɧɨ ɩɪɟɞɨɫ-

ɬɚɜɥɹɟɬ ɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɟɥɸ ɪɹɞ ɞɨɩɨɥɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɟɣ ɩɪɢ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɢ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɚ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɛɭɞɭɬ ɪɚɫɫɦɨɬɪɟɧɵ ɜ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɯ ɩɪɢɦɟɪɚɯ.

ȼɜɨɞ ɧɨɦɢɧɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɣ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɨɜ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɟ ɋɂ, ɡɚ ɢɫɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɟɦ ɤɚɬɭɲɤɢ ɫ ɦɚɝɧɢɬɧɵɦ (ɧɟɥɢɧɟɣɧɵɦ) ɫɟɪɞɟɱɧɢɤɨɦ. Ɂɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɨɜ ɡɚɞɚɸɬɫɹ ɥɢɛɨ ɧɟɩɨɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ (2600), ɥɢɛɨ ɜ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɮɨɪɦɟ (2.3E3), ɥɢɛɨ ɭɫɥɨɜɧɵɦɢ ɛɭɤɜɟɧɧɵɦɢ ɨɛɨɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹɦɢ (5K). ɂɫɩɨɥɶɡɭ- ɸɬɫɹ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɟ ɛɭɤɜɟɧɧɵɟ ɨɛɨɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ ɞɥɹ ɦɧɨɠɢɬɟɥɟɣ (ɫɦ. ɬɚɛɥ. 4.1):

Ɍ ɚ ɛ ɥ ɢ ɰ ɚ 4 . 1 . Ȼɭɤɜɟɧɧɵɟ ɨɛɨɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ ɦɧɨɠɢɬɟɥɟɣ ɞɥɹ ɱɢɫɥɟɧɧɵɯ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɣ

ɋɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɨɛɪɚɬɢɬɶ ɜɧɢɦɚɧɢɟ, ɱɬɨ ɜ Micro-Cap ɰɟɥɚɹ ɱɚɫɬɶ ɱɢɫɟɥ ɨɬɞɟɥɹ- ɟɬɫɹ ɨɬ ɞɪɨɛɧɨɣ ɧɟ ɡɚɩɹɬɨɣ, ɚ ɬɨɱɤɨɣ. ɇɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ, 1.3K ɢɥɢ 1.3E3.

ɇɚ ɪɢɫ. 4.1 ɩɪɢɜɟɞɟɧ ɩɪɢɦɟɪ ɡɚɞɚɧɢɹ ɨɞɧɨɝɨ ɢɡ ɩɚɫɫɢɜɧɵɯ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɨɜ

— ɪɟɡɢɫɬɨɪɚ. ȼ ɪɚɫɫɦɨɬɪɟɧɧɨɦ ɩɪɢɦɟɪɟ ɧɚ ɫɯɟɦɟ ɨɬɨɛɪɚɠɚɟɬɫɹ ɩɨɡɢɰɢɨɧɧɨɟ ɨɛɨɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɚ R5 (PART), ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɚ 1MEG (RESISTANCE) ɢ ɢɦɹ ɦɨɞɟɥɢ CT_10% (MODEL) (ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨ ɞɥɹ ɬɟɯ ɪɟɡɢɫɬɨɪɨɜ, ɭ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɦɨɞɟɥɶ ɡɚɞɚɧɚ). ɇɚɛɨɪ ɩɨɤɚɡɵɜɚɟɦɵɯ ɚɬɪɢɛɭɬɨɜ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɚɦɢ ɮɥɚɠɤɚ ɨɬɨɛɪɚɠɟɧɢɹ Show ɞɥɹ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɯ ɩɨɡɢɰɢɣ (ɪɢɫ. 4.1). Ɉɬɦɟɬɢɦ, ɱɬɨ ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɚ ɥɸɛɨɝɨ ɩɚɫɫɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɚ (ɫɨɩɪɨɬɢɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɪɟɡɢɫɬɨɪɚ, ɟɦɤɨɫɬɶ ɤɨɧɞɟɧɫɚɬɨɪɚ, ɢɧɞɭɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɶ ɤɚɬɭɲɤɢ) ɦɨɠɟɬ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɬɶɫɹ ɤɚɤ ɥɸɛɚɹ ɮɭɧɤ-

ɰɢɹ ɭɡɥɨɜɵɯ ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɣ ɫɯɟɦɵ, ɬɨɤɨɜ ɜɟɬɜɟɣ, ɜɪɟɦɟɧɢ ɢ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɵ, ɱɬɨ ɜɵɝɨɞɧɨ ɨɬɥɢɱɚɟɬ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɭ Micro-Cap ɨɬ PSPICE.

Ɍɚɤ, ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ, ɫɨɩɪɨɬɢɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɪɟɡɢɫɬɨɪɚ R4 (ɪɢɫ. 4.1) ɡɚɜɢɫɢɬ ɨɬ ɧɚɩɪɹ- ɠɟɧɢɹ V(R5), ɬɨɤɚ I(R1) ɢ ɨɬ ɜɪɟɦɟɧɢ T; ɫɨɩɪɨɬɢɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɪɟɡɢɫɬɨɪɚ R3 ɩɪɹɦɨ ɩɪɨɩɨɪɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɟ TEMP; ɫɨɩɪɨɬɢɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɪɟɡɢɫɬɨɪɨɜ R2, R5 ɬɚɤ- ɠɟ ɡɚɜɢɫɹɬ ɨɬ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɵ, ɧɨ ɭɠɟ ɱɟɪɟɡ ɦɨɞɟɥɶɧɵɣ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪ TC.

Ɋɢɫ. 4.1. ɋɩɨɫɨɛɵ ɡɚɞɚɧɢɹ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɚ

ɋɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɚ ɨɤɧɚ ɡɚɞɚɧɢɹ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɨɜ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɚ (ɢɥɢ, ɤɚɤ ɛɭɞɟɦ ɟɝɨ ɞɥɹ ɤɪɚɬɤɨɫɬɢ ɧɚɡɵɜɚɬɶ ɜ ɞɚɥɶɧɟɣɲɟɦ, ɨɤɧɚ ɚɬɪɢɛɭɬɨɜ), ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɚ ɧɚ

(ɪɢɫ. 4.2).

ȼ ɡɚɝɨɥɨɜɤɟ ɨɤɧɚ ɭɤɚɡɵɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɤɪɚɬɤɚɹ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɹ ɨ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɟ (ɟɫɥɢ ɨɧɚ ɩɪɟɞɜɚɪɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɜɜɟɞɟɧɚ ɜ ɩɨɥɟ Memo ɪɟɞɚɤɬɨɪɚ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɨɜ). ɗɬɚ ɠɟ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɹ ɩɨɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɩɪɢ ɧɚɜɟɞɟɧɢɢ ɧɚ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬ ɤɭɪɫɨɪɚ ɦɵɲɢ. ɇɢɠɟ ɪɚɫɩɨɥɚɝɚɸɬɫɹ ɩɚɧɟɥɢ, ɭɩɪɚɜɥɹɸɳɢɟ ɨɬɨɛɪɚɠɟɧɢɟɦ ɬɟɤɫɬɨɜɵɯ ɚɬɪɢɛɭɬɨɜ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɚ ɧɚ ɩɪɢɧɰɢɩɢɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɯɟɦɟ. ɉɚɧɟɥɶ ɫɥɟɜɚ (Name) ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɟɬ ɨɬɨ- ɛɪɚɡɢɬɶ ɧɚɢɦɟɧɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɚɬɪɢɛɭɬɚ, ɩɚɧɟɥɶ ɫɩɪɚɜɚ (Value) — ɟɝɨ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ. Ʉɪɨ- ɦɟ ɬɨɝɨ ɩɚɧɟɥɶ Value ɫɨɞɟɪɠɢɬ ɤɧɨɩɤɭ Change, ɭɩɪɚɜɥɹɸɳɭɸ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɨɣ ɡɧɚ-

ɱɟɧɢɣ (ɱɢɫɟɥ, ɡɚɩɢɫɚɧɧɵɯ ɜ ɩɨɡɢɰɢɢ Value, Capacitance, Inductance, Resistance) ɨɞɧɨɬɢɩɧɵɯ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɨɜ. Ʉɧɨɩɤɚ Change ɡɚɞɟɣɫɬɜɨɜɚɧɚ ɩɪɢ ɧɚɯɨɠɞɟ- ɧɢɢ ɦɚɪɤɟɪɚ ɧɚ ɩɨɡɢɰɢɢ Value (ɢɥɢ ɚɧɚɥɨɝɢɱɧɵɯ ɟɣ) ɜ ɫɩɢɫɤɟ ɚɬɪɢɛɭɬɨɜ.

ɇɢɠɟ ɪɚɫɩɨɥɚɝɚɟɬɫɹ ɩɚɧɟɥɶ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɨɬɨɛɪɚɠɟɧɢɟɦ ɫɯɟɦɧɵɯ ɚɬɪɢ-

ɛɭɬɨɜ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɚ (Display). ɉɨɦɢɦɨ ɤɧɨɩɤɢ ɜɵɛɨɪɚ ɰɜɟɬɚ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɚ (Color), ɨɧɚ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɢɬ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɟ ɮɥɚɝɢ:

Pin Markers — ɩɨɤɚɡ ɠɢɪɧɵɦɢ ɬɨɱɤɚɦɢ ɤɨɧɰɨɜ ɜɵɜɨɞɨɜ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɚ; Pin Names — ɩɨɤɚɡ ɧɚ ɫɯɟɦɟ ɧɚɡɜɚɧɢɣ ɜɵɜɨɞɨɜ;

Pin Numbers — ɩɨɤɚɡ ɧɚ ɫɯɟɦɟ ɧɨɦɟɪɨɜ ɜɵɜɨɞɨɜ ɤɨɪɩɭɫɚ; Current — ɪɚɡɪɟɲɢɬɶ ɩɨɤɚɡ ɧɚ ɫɯɟɦɟ ɬɨɤɨɜ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɚ; Power — ɪɚɡɪɟɲɢɬɶ ɩɨɤɚɡ ɧɚ ɫɯɟɦɟ ɪɚɫɫɟɢɜɚɟɦɨɣ ɦɨɳɧɨɫɬɢ;

Condition — ɪɚɡɪɟɲɢɬɶ ɩɨɤɚɡ ɧɚ ɫɯɟɦɟ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɹ ɩɨɥɭɩɪɨɜɨɞɧɢɤɨɜɨ- ɝɨ ɩɪɢɛɨɪɚ.

ɇɢɠɟ ɪɚɫɩɨɥɚɝɚɟɬɫɹ ɨɤɧɨ ɫɨ ɫɩɢɫɤɨɦ ɚɬɪɢɛɭɬɨɜ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɚ ɢ ɢɯ ɡɧɚɱɟ- ɧɢɹɦɢ (ɫɥɟɜɚ), ɪɚɫɤɪɵɜɚɸɳɢɣɫɹ ɫɩɢɫɨɤ ɝɪɚɮɢɤɨɜ ɢ ɫɩɢɫɨɤ ɦɨɞɟɥɟɣ (ɫɩɪɚɜɚ). ȼɵɛɢɪɚɹ ɜ ɫɩɢɫɤɟ ɚɬɪɢɛɭɬɨɜ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɚ, ɦɨɠɧɨ ɟɝɨ ɪɟɞɚɤɬɢɪɨɜɚɬɶ ɜ ɫɬɪɨɤɟ ɬɟɤɭɳɟɝɨ ɚɬɪɢɛɭɬɚ, ɩɪɢ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɹ ɤɧɨɩɤɭ ɨɬ-

ɤɪɵɬɢɹ ɨɤɧɚ ɜɜɨɞɚ , ɚ ɡɚɬɟɦ ɢ ɡɭɦɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɢɡɨɛɪɚɠɟɧɢɹ.

ɋɩɢɫɨɤ ɝɪɚɮɢɤɨɜ ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɟɬ ɜɵɛɪɚɬɶ ɝɪɚɮɢɤ, ɫɬɪɨɹɳɢɣɫɹ ɩɪɢ ɧɚɠɚɬɢɢ ɤɧɨɩɤɢ Plot. Ɍɚɤ, ɧɚ ɪɢɫɭɧɤɟ 4.2 ɜɵɛɪɚɧ ɝɪɚɮɢɤ ɩɨɫɬɪɨɟɧɢɹ ɫɟɦɟɣɫɬɜɚ ɜɵɯɨɞ- ɧɵɯ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤ ɩɨɥɟɜɨɝɨ ɬɪɚɧɡɢɫɬɨɪɚ Id(Vds).

Ɋɢɫ. 4.2. ɋɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɚ ɨɤɧɚ ɚɬɪɢɛɭɬɨɜ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɚ

ɇɢɠɟ ɪɚɫɩɨɥɚɝɚɸɬɫɹ ɤɨɦɚɧɞɧɵɟ ɤɧɨɩɤɢ ɢ ɤɧɨɩɤɢ ɧɚɜɢɝɚɰɢɢ:

xɈɄ — ɡɚɤɪɵɬɶ ɨɤɧɨ ɚɬɪɢɛɭɬɨɜ ɫ ɫɨɯɪɚɧɟɧɢɟɦ ɫɞɟɥɚɧɧɵɯ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɣ;

xCancel — ɡɚɤɪɵɬɶ ɨɤɧɨ ɛɟɡ ɫɨɯɪɚɧɟɧɢɹ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɣ;

xFont — ɢɡɦɟɧɢɬɶ ɲɪɢɮɬɨɜɵɟ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɵ ɨɬɨɛɪɚɠɟɧɢɹ ɜɵɛɪɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɚɬɪɢɛɭɬɚ;

xAdd — ɞɨɛɚɜɢɬɶ ɧɨɜɵɣ ɚɬɪɢɛɭɬ;

xDelete — ɭɞɚɥɢɬɶ ɜɵɛɪɚɧɧɵɣ ɚɬɪɢɛɭɬ. Ɇɨɠɧɨ ɭɞɚɥɹɬɶ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɧɨɜɵɟ, ɞɨ- ɛɚɜɥɟɧɧɵɟ ɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɟɥɟɦ, ɚɬɪɢɛɭɬɵ;

xBrowse — ɜɵɛɨɪ ɮɚɣɥɚ ɧɚ ɉɄ. Ʉɧɨɩɤɚ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɚ, ɟɫɥɢ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬ ɢɦɟɟɬ ɚɬ- ɪɢɛɭɬ FILE (ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ, ɫɯɟɦɧɚɹ ɦɚɤɪɨɦɨɞɟɥɶ) ɢ ɷɬɨɬ ɚɬɪɢɛɭɬ ɜɵɛɪɚɧ ɜ ɫɩɢɫɤɟ ɚɬɪɢɛɭɬɨɜ;

xNew — ȿɫɥɢ ɜ ɫɩɢɫɤɟ ɚɬɪɢɛɭɬɨɜ ɜɵɛɪɚɧ ɚɬɪɢɛɭɬ MODEL, ɫɨɡɞɚɟɬɫɹ ɧɨɜɚɹ ɥɨɤɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɦɨɞɟɥɶ ɫ ɭɦɨɥɱɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɦɢ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɚɦɢ, ɢɦɹ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɣ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɨɬɪɟɞɚɤɬɢɪɨɜɚɬɶ. ɋɨɡɞɚɬɶ ɧɨɜɭɸ ɥɨɤɚɥɶɧɭɸ ɦɨɞɟɥɶ ɫ ɭɦɨɥɱɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɦɢ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɚɦɢ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɩɪɨɫɬɨ ɧɚɛɪɚɜ ɜ ɫɬɪɨɤɟ MODEL ɢɦɹ, ɤɨɬɨɪɨɝɨ ɧɟɬ ɜ ɩɨɞɫɨɟɞɢɧɹɟɦɵɯ ɛɢɛɥɢɨɬɟɤɚɯ;

xFind — ɩɨɢɫɤ ɡɚɞɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɚ ɦɨɞɟɥɢ ɜ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ ɦɨɞɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɩɚɪɚ-

ɦɟɬɪɨɜ;

xPlot — ɩɨɫɬɪɨɟɧɢɟ ɝɪɚɮɢɤɚ, ɜɵɛɪɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɜ ɫɩɢɫɤɟ ɝɪɚɮɢɤɨɜ. ȼ ɫɩɢɫɤɟ ɜ ɡɚ- ɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɨɬ ɬɢɩɚ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɚ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɛɵɬɶ 0–4 ɩɨɡɢɰɢɢ. Ⱦɥɹ SPICE- ɩɨɞɫɯɟɦ ɢ ɫɯɟɦɧɵɯ ɦɚɤɪɨɦɨɞɟɥɟɣ ɝɪɚɮɢɤɢ ɧɟ ɫɬɪɨɹɬɫɹ, ɞɥɹ ɛɢɩɨɥɹɪɧɵɯ ɬɪɚɧɡɢɫɬɨɪɨɜ ɢɦɟɟɬɫɹ 4 ɝɪɚɮɢɤɚ, ɞɥɹ ɢɫɬɨɱɧɢɤɨɜ ɫɢɝɧɚɥɚ — 1. ȿɫɥɢ ɝɪɚ- ɮɢɤ ɜɵɜɟɞɟɧ, ɬɨ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɟ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɨɜ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɚ ɩɪɢɜɨɞɢɬ ɤ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɸ ɝɪɚɮɢɤɚ, ɜɵɜɟɞɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɜ ɫɨɫɟɞɧɟɦ ɨɤɧɟ;

xSyntax — ɩɨɤɚɡɵɜɚɟɬ ɫɢɧɬɚɤɫɢɫ ɨɩɢɫɚɧɢɹ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɟɝɨ ɩɪɢɦɢɬɢɜɚ ɢɡ ɮɚɣɥɚ ɩɨɞɫɤɚɡɤɢ;

xIBIS — ɜɵɡɨɜ IBIS-ɬɪɚɧɫɥɹɬɨɪɚ. ɤɬɢɜɧɚ ɜ ɬɨɦ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɟɫɥɢ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬ ɹɜ- ɥɹɟɬɫɹ IBIS-ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɨɦ. ɋ ɟɝɨ ɩɨɦɨɳɶɸ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɪɟɞɚɤɬɢɪɨɜɚɬɶ ɢ ɜɵɛɢ- ɪɚɬɶ IBIS-ɦɨɞɟɥɢ ɢɧɬɟɪɮɟɣɫɨɜ ɜɜɨɞɚ-ɜɵɜɨɞɚ;

xCombinations (ɫɦ. ɪɢɫ. 3.5, 4.1) — ɩɨɞɛɨɪ ɞɥɹ ɞɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɩɚɫɫɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɤɨɦɩɨ- ɧɟɧɬɚ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɨ-ɩɚɪɚɥɥɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɤɨɦɛɢɧɚɰɢɢ ɢɡ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɯ ɩɚɫɫɢɜɧɵɯ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɨɜ ɫɨ ɫɬɚɧɞɚɪɬɧɵɦɢ ɧɨɦɢɧɚɥɚɦɢ. Ʉɧɨɩɤɚ ɢɦɟɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɨɤɧɚɯ ɡɚɞɚɧɢɹ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɨɜ ɪɟɡɢɫɬɨɪɨɜ, ɤɨɧɞɟɧɫɚɬɨɪɨɜ, ɤɚɬɭɲɟɤ.

xHelp — ɩɨɦɨɳɶ ɩɨ ɞɢɚɥɨɝɨɜɨɦɭ ɨɤɧɭ ɚɬɪɢɛɭɬɨɜ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɚ;

xɄɧɨɩɤɢ ɧɚɜɢɝɚɰɢɢ — ɧɚɜɢɝɚɰɢɹ ɜ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɟɦ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɢ ɩɨ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɚɦ ɚɧɚɥɨɝɢɱɧɨɝɨ ɬɢɩɚ.

xɄɧɨɩɤɢ ɧɚɜɢɝɚɰɢɢ — ɧɚɜɢɝɚɰɢɹ ɩɨ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɚɦ ɞɪɭɝɢɯ ɬɢɩɨɜ.

ɇɢɠɟ ɤɨɦɚɧɞɧɵɯ ɤɧɨɩɨɤ ɧɚɯɨɞɹɬɫɹ ɮɥɚɝɢ ɪɚɡɪɟɲɟɧɢɹ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɚ ɜ ɫɯɟɦɟ (Enabled) ɢ ɨɬɨɛɪɚɠɟɧɢɹ ɨɤɧɚ ɤɨɧɬɟɤɫɬɧɨɣ ɩɨɞɫɤɚɡɤɢ

(Help Bar).

Ɏɥɚɝ Enabled ɩɨɤɚɡɵɜɚɟɬ ɬɟɤɭɳɟɟ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɟ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɚ. ȿɫɥɢ ɨɧ ɭɫɬɚ- ɧɨɜɥɟɧ, ɬɨ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬ ɜɤɥɸɱɚɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɫɯɟɦɭ ɢ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɬɫɹ ɩɪɢ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɢ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɯ ɜɢɞɨɜ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɚ, ɩɪɢ ɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɩɟɪɟɱɧɹ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɨɜ (Bill of Materials), ɫɩɢɫɤɚ ɫɨɟɞɢɧɟɧɢɣ. ȼ ɩɪɨɬɢɜɧɨɦ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬ ɢɫɤɥɸɱɚɟɬɫɹ ɢɡ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɯ ɨɩɟɪɚɰɢɣ. Ʌɸɛɨɣ ɨɛɴɟɤɬ ɩɪɢɧɰɢɩɢɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɯɟɦɵ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɛɵɬɶ ɪɚɡɪɟɲɟɧ ɢɥɢ ɡɚɩɪɟɳɟɧ — ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬ, ɬɟɤɫɬ, ɩɪɨɜɨɞɧɢɤ, ɜɵɞɟɥɟɧɧɵɣ ɛɥɨɤ. ɍɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɚ/ɫɛɪɨɫ ɞɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɮɥɚɝɚ ɜ ɨɤɧɟ ɚɬɪɢɛɭɬɨɜ ɷɤɜɢɜɚɥɟɧɬɧɵ ɜɵɩɨɥ-

ɧɟɧɢɸ ɤɨɦɚɧɞ ɛɟɡɭɫɥɨɜɧɨɝɨ ɪɚɡɪɟɲɟɧɢɹ/ɡɚɩɪɟɬɚ / .

ɉɪɢ ɧɚɠɚɬɢɢ ɧɚ ɫɫɵɥɤɭ (File Link) ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɬɫɹ ɡɚɞɚɧɧɚɹ ɢɥɢ ɭɦɨɥɱɚ- ɬɟɥɶɧɚɹ ɫɫɵɥɨɱɧɚɹ ɨɩɟɪɚɰɢɹ (ɫɦ. ɩɭɧɤɬ 3.3.7).

ɇɢɠɟ ɫɫɵɥɤɢ ɪɚɫɩɨɥɚɝɚɟɬɫɹ ɫɬɪɨɤɚ ɫ ɩɨɥɧɵɦ ɢɦɟɧɟɦ ɮɚɣɥɚ, ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɳɟ- ɝɨ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɟ ɦɨɞɟɥɢ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɚ.

Ⱦɚɥɟɟ ɢɞɟɬ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɶ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɨɜ ɦɨɞɟɥɢ, ɤɨɬɨɪɚɹ ɢɦɟɟɬɫɹ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɭ ɤɨɦ- ɩɨɧɟɧɬɨɜ, ɛɚɡɢɪɭɸɳɢɯɫɹ ɧɚ ɜɫɬɪɨɟɧɧɵɯ ɜ Micro-Cap ɦɨɞɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɩɪɢɦɢɬɢɜɚɯ

(Resistor, Inductor, Capacitor, npn, pnp, njfet, pjfet ɢ ɩɪ.). ɉɪɢ ɪɟɞɚɤɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɨɜ ɦɨɞɟɥɢ ɚɜɬɨɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢ ɫɨɡɞɚɟɬɫɹ ɦɨɞɟɥɶɧɚɹ ɞɢɪɟɤɬɢɜɚ .MODEL ɫ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɧɵɦɢ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɚɦɢ ɦɨɞɟɥɢ, ɤɨɬɨɪɚɹ ɩɨɦɟɳɚɟɬɫɹ ɧɚ ɫɬɪɚɧɢɰɭ ɜɫɬɪɨɟɧɧɵɯ ɜ ɫɯɟɦɭ ɦɨɞɟɥɟɣ Models (ɫɦ. ɪɢɫ. 4.1). ɉɪɢ ɷɬɨɦ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɵ ɦɨ- ɞɟɥɢ ɜ ɛɢɛɥɢɨɬɟɤɟ Micro-Cap ɧɟ ɦɟɧɹɸɬɫɹ, ɚ ɫɯɟɦɧɵɣ ɮɚɣɥ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɬ ɷɬɭ

ɦɟɬɪɨɜ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɰɟɩɟɣ, ɧɟ ɩɪɢɛɟɝɚɹ ɩɪɢ ɷɬɨɦ ɤ ɩɨɦɨɳɢ ɜɧɟɲɧɢɯ ɩɪɨ- ɝɪɚɦɦɧɵɯ ɩɚɤɟɬɨɜ, ɚ ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɧɵɟ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɵ ɫɪɚɡɭ ɨɬɨɛɪɚɠɚɬɶ ɧɚ ɩɨɥɟ ɫɯɟ- ɦɵ. ɇɚ ɪɢɫ. 4.3 ɩɨɤɚɡɚɧɵ 2 ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɵɯ ɪɟɠɢɦɚ ɜɵɱɢɫɥɟɧɢɣ ɩɨ ɮɨɪɦɭɥɚɦ ɜ ɫɯɟɦɧɨɦ ɬɟɤɫɬɟ. ɉɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɵ ɬɪɚɧɫɮɨɪɦɚɬɨɪɚ ɡɚɞɚɧɵ ɫɢɦɜɨɥɶɧɵɦɢ ɩɟɪɟɦɟɧ- ɧɵɦɢ L1, L2, K, ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɧɵɦɢ ɬɪɟɦɹ ɨɩɟɪɚɬɨɪɚɦɢ .Define ɧɚ ɩɨɥɟ ɫɯɟɦɵ.

ɉɟɪɜɵɣ ɪɟɠɢɦ ɜɵɱɢɫɥɟɧɢɣ (ɪɢɫ. 4.3, ɚ) ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɭɟɬɫɹ ɬɚɤ ɠɟ, ɤɚɤ ɢ ɜ ɩɪɟ- ɞɵɞɭɳɢɯ ɜɟɪɫɢɹɯ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɵ (MC8). ɇɚɛɨɪ ɜ ɨɤɧɟ Grid Text ɧɚɱɢɧɚɟɬɫɹ ɫɨ ɡɧɚɤɚ ɪɚɜɟɧɫɬɜɚ «=», ɡɚ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɦ ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɬɟɤɫɬ ɮɨɪɦɭɥɵ. ɉɪɢ ɷɬɨɦ ɮɥɚɝ Formula ɧɟ ɭɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɢ ɞɪɭɝɨɝɨ ɬɟɤɫɬɚ, ɩɨɦɢɦɨ ɟɞɢɧɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɣ ɮɨɪɦɭ- ɥɵ, ɜ ɞɚɧɧɨɦ ɮɪɚɝɦɟɧɬɟ ɩɪɢɫɭɬɫɬɜɨɜɚɬɶ ɧɟ ɞɨɥɠɧɨ. Ɋɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬ ɜɵɱɢɫɥɟɧɢɣ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɧ ɧɚ ɪɢɫ. 4.3, ɚ ɜɜɟɪɯɭ — M/N=990u. Ⱦɥɹ ɜɵɱɢɫɥɟɧɢɣ ɩɨ ɩɹɬɢ ɮɨɪɦɭ- ɥɚɦ (ɤɚɤ ɜ ɩɪɢɜɟɞɟɧɧɨɦ ɩɪɢɦɟɪɟ) ɨɧɢ ɞɨɥɠɧɵ ɛɵɬɶ ɧɚɛɪɚɧɵ ɜ ɩɹɬɢ ɨɬɞɟɥɶ- ɧɵɯ ɬɟɤɫɬɨɜɵɯ ɮɪɚɝɦɟɧɬɚɯ (ɧɚ ɪɢɫ. 4.3, ɚ ɩɪɢɜɟɞɟɧɨ ɨɤɧɨ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɨɞɧɨɝɨ ɢɡ ɧɢɯ).

ȼɬɨɪɨɣ ɪɟɠɢɦ ɜɵɱɢɫɥɟɧɢɣ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɭɟɬɫɹ ɩɭɬɟɦ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɢ ɮɥɚɝɚ Formula, ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɢɬɟɥɹ ɦɚɬɟɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɮɨɪɦɭɥɵ Delimiter ɢ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɭɸ- ɳɟɝɨ ɜɜɨɞɚ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɝɨ ɬɟɤɫɬɚ ɢ ɮɨɪɦɭɥ (ɪɢɫ. 4.3, ɛ). ɗɬɨɬ ɪɟɠɢɦ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɝɢɛɤɢɣ — ɨɧ ɞɚɟɬ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɶ ɜ ɨɞɧɨɦ ɬɟɤɫɬɨɜɨɦ ɮɪɚɝɦɟɧɬɟ ɫɨɱɟɬɚɬɶ ɫɪɚɡɭ ɧɟɫɤɨɥɶɤɨ ɬɟɤɫɬɨɜɵɯ ɫɨɨɛɳɟɧɢɣ ɢ ɜɵɱɢɫɥɟɧɢɣ ɩɨ ɮɨɪɦɭɥɚɦ.

4.3. ɑɢɫɥɚ

ɑɢɫɥɨɜɵɟ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɨɜ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɨɜ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɜ ɜɢɞɟ:

xɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɱɢɫɟɥ ɫ ɮɢɤɫɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɦ ɞɟɫɹɬɢɱɧɵɦ ɡɧɚɤɨɦ (ɨɛɪɚɬɢɦ ɜɧɢɦɚɧɢɟ, ɱɬɨ ɜ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɟ ɞɟɫɹɬɢɱɧɨɝɨ ɡɧɚɤɚ ɜ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɟ Micro-Cap ɢɫ- ɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɬɫɹ ɬɨɱɤɚ). ɇɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ, ɫɨɩɪɨɬɢɜɥɟɧɢɟ 2,5 ɤɈɦ, ɡɚɩɢɫɵɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɤɚɤ

2500 ɢɥɢ 2.5k, ɚ ɟɦɤɨɫɬɶ 1 ɦɤɎ ɤɚɤ 0.000001;

xɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɱɢɫɟɥ ɫ ɩɥɚɜɚɸɳɟɣ ɬɨɱɤɨɣ, ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ, ɟɦɤɨɫɬɶ 1.5 ɦɤɎ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɛɵɬɶ ɡɚɩɢɫɚɧɚ ɤɚɤ 1.5ȿ-6;

xɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɱɢɫɟɥ ɫ ɩɥɚɜɚɸɳɟɣ ɬɨɱɤɨɣ ɜ ɢɧɠɟɧɟɪɧɨɣ ɢɧɬɟɪɩɪɟɬɚ-

ɰɢɢ, ɫɨɝɥɚɫɧɨ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɣ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɟ ɫɬɟɩɟɧɢ ɞɟɫɹɬɢ ɨɛɨɡɧɚɱɚɸɬɫɹ ɛɭɤɜɚɦɢ

(ɫɦ. ɬɚɛɥ. 4.1).

Ⱦɥɹ ɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɢ ɦɟɫɬɚ ɧɚ ɨɫɹɯ X, Y ɝɪɚɮɢɤɨɜ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɨɜ ɦɨɞɟɥɢɪɨɜɚ-

ɧɢɹ ɦɚɥɚɹ ɛɭɤɜɚ "m" ɨɛɨɡɧɚɱɚɟɬ 10–3, ɛɨɥɶɲɚɹ ɛɭɤɜɚ "Ɇ" — 106 (ɜɦɟɫɬɨ MEGA). ȼɨ ɜɫɟɯ ɨɫɬɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɫɥɭɱɚɹɯ ɛɨɥɶɲɢɟ ɢ ɦɚɥɵɟ ɛɭɤɜɵ ɧɟ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɚɸɬɫɹ.

ɇɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ, ɫɨɩɪɨɬɢɜɥɟɧɢɟ 1,5 ɆɈɦ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɛɵɬɶ ɡɚɩɢɫɚɧɨ ɤɚɤ 1.5MEG, 1.5meg ɢɥɢ 1500Ʉ, ɟɦɤɨɫɬɶ 1 ɦɤɎ ɤɚɤ 1U ɢɥɢ 1uF. ȼ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɧɟɦ ɩɪɢɦɟɪɟ ɩɨɤɚ- ɡɚɧɨ, ɱɬɨ ɞɥɹ ɛɨɥɶɲɟɣ ɧɚɝɥɹɞɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɨɫɥɟ ɫɬɚɧɞɚɪɬɧɵɯ ɛɭɤɜɟɧɧɵɯ ɨɛɨɡɧɚɱɟ-

ɧɢɣ ɞɨɩɭɫɤɚɟɬɫɹ ɩɨɦɟɳɚɬɶ ɥɸɛɵɟ ɫɢɦɜɨɥɵ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɩɪɢ ɢɧɬɟɪɩɪɟɬɚɰɢɢ ɱɢɫɟɥ ɧɟ ɛɭɞɭɬ ɩɪɢɧɢɦɚɬɶɫɹ ɜɨ ɜɧɢɦɚɧɢɟ. ɉɪɨɛɟɥɵ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɱɢɫɥɨɦ ɢ ɛɭɤ-

ɜɟɧɧɵɦ ɫɭɮɮɢɤɫɨɦ ɧɟ ɞɨɩɭɫɤɚɸɬɫɹ!

4.4.ɉɟɪɟɦɟɧɧɵɟ

ȼɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɟ Micro-Cap ɪɹɞ ɤɨɧɫɬɚɧɬ ɢ ɩɟɪɟɦɟɧɧɵɯ ɢɦɟɸɬ ɫɬɚɧɞɚɪɬɧɵɟ ɡɧɚ-

ɱɟɧɢɹ:

Ɍ — ɜɪɟɦɹ ɜ ɫɟɤɭɧɞɚɯ; F — ɱɚɫɬɨɬɚ ɜ ɝɟɪɰɚɯ;

ȿ — ȿɏɊ(1)= 2.718281828459045;

PI — ɱɢɫɥɨ =3.141592653589793;

J — ɦɧɢɦɚɹ ɟɞɢɧɢɰɚ, ɤɨɪɟɧɶ ɤɜɚɞɪɚɬɧɵɣ ɢɡ –1;

S — ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫɧɚɹ ɩɟɪɟɦɟɧɧɚɹ, ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɦɚɹ ɩɪɢ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɟ ɚɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɯ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜ, ɱɚɳɟ ɜɫɟɝɨ ɩɨɞ ɷɬɨɣ ɩɟɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɣ ɩɨɧɢɦɚɟɬɫɹ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫɧɚɹ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɚ

S=j 2 f (ɜ ɨɬɟɱɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɣ ɥɢɬɟɪɚɬɭɪɟ ɩɨ ɤɭɪɫɚɦ «Ɉɫɧɨɜɵ ɬɟɨɪɢɢ ɰɟɩɟɣ» ɢ «Ɇɚɬɟɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɚɧɚɥɢɡ» ɚɧɚɥɢɡɚ ɨɧɚ ɨɛɨɡɧɚɱɚɟɬɫɹ p);

Z — ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫɧɚɹ ɩɟɪɟɦɟɧɧɚɹ, ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɦɚɹ ɩɪɢ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɟ ɞɢɫɤɪɟɬɧɵɯ

ɤɪɟɬɢɡɚɰɢɢ.

TEMP — ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɚ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɨɜ ɜ ɝɪɚɞɭɫɚɯ ɐɟɥɶɫɢɹ;

VT — ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɧɵɣ ɩɨɬɟɧɰɢɚɥ ɪ-n-ɩɟɪɟɯɨɞɚ, ɪɚɜɧɵɣ

1,3806226 10–23 (273,15+ɌȿɆɊ)/(1,6021918 10-19); ɩɪɢ ɌȿɆɊ=27°ɋ

VT=25,86419ɦȼ;

CASE — ɧɨɦɟɪ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɫɥɭɱɚɣɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɚ (ɧɨɦɟɪ ɡɚɩɭɫɤɚ) ɚɧɚɥɢ-

ɡɚ Monte Carlo.

GMIN — ɦɢɧɢɦɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɩɪɨɜɨɞɢɦɨɫɬɶ ɜɟɬɜɢ, ɡɚɞɚɜɚɟɦɚɹ ɜ ɞɢɚɥɨɝɨɜɨɦ

ɨɤɧɟ Options>Global Settings;

TMIN — ɧɚɱɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɦɨɦɟɧɬ ɜɪɟɦɟɧɢ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɚ ɩɟɪɟɯɨɞɧɵɯ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɨɜ; ɌMȺɏ — ɤɨɧɟɱɧɵɣ ɦɨɦɟɧɬ ɜɪɟɦɟɧɢ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɚ ɩɟɪɟɯɨɞɧɵɯ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɨɜ; DT — ɲɚɝ ɩɨ ɜɪɟɦɟɧɢ ɜ ɪɟɠɢɦɟ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɚ ɩɟɪɟɯɨɞɧɵɯ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɨɜ;

DCINPUT1 — ɩɟɪɜɚɹ ɜɯɨɞɧɚɹ ɩɟɪɟɦɟɧɧɚɹ (Variable 1) ɜ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɟ ɩɟɪɟɞɚ- ɬɨɱɧɵɯ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤ ɩɨ ɩɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɨɦɭ ɬɨɤɭ (DC analysis).

DCMIN — ɧɚɱɚɥɶɧɨɟ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɩɟɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɣ Variable1 ɜ DC-ɚɧɚɥɢɡɟ; DCMAX — ɤɨɧɟɱɧɨɟ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɩɟɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɣ Variable1 d DC-ɚɧɚɥɢɡɟ; FMIN — ɧɚɱɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɚ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɚ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɧɵɯ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤ; FMAX — ɤɨɧɟɱɧɚɹ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɚ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɚ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɧɵɯ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤ;

INOISE — ɲɭɦ, ɩɪɢɜɟɞɟɧɧɵɣ ɤɨ ɜɯɨɞɭ ɜ ɪɟɠɢɦɟ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɚ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɧɵɯ ɯɚ- ɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤ (AC);

ONOISE — ɲɭɦ, ɩɪɢɜɟɞɟɧɧɵɣ ɤ ɜɵɯɨɞɭ ɜ ɪɟɠɢɦɟ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɚ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɧɵɯ ɯɚ- ɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤ (AC);

ANALYSIS — ɬɟɤɫɬɨɜɚɹ ɩɟɪɟɦɟɧɧɚɹ, ɭɤɚɡɵɜɚɸɳɚɹ ɜɢɞ ɩɪɨɜɨɞɢɦɨɝɨ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɚ. Ɉɧɚ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɩɪɢɧɢɦɚɬɶ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɟ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ:

_TRANSIENT (ɜ ɪɟɠɢɦɟ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɚ ɩɟɪɟɯɨɞɧɵɯ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɨɜ) _DC (ɜ ɪɟɠɢɦɟ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɚ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤ ɧɚ ɩɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɨɦ ɬɨɤɟ) _DYNAMICAC (ɜ ɞɢɧɚɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɦ AC-ɚɧɚɥɢɡɟ) _DYNAMICDC (ɜ ɞɢɧɚɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɦ DC-ɚɧɚɥɢɡɟ)

_TF (ɜ ɪɟɠɢɦɟ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɚ ɦɚɥɨɫɢɝɧɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɩɟɪɟɞɚɬɨɱɧɵɯ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɣ ɧɚ ɩɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɨɦ ɬɨɤɟ)

_SENS (ɜ ɪɟɠɢɦɟ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɚ ɱɭɜɫɬɜɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɟɣ ɧɚ ɩɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɨɦ ɬɨɤɟ) _DISTORTION (ɜ ɪɟɠɢɦɟ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɚ ɧɟɥɢɧɟɣɧɵɯ ɢɫɤɚɠɟɧɢɣ)

ɉɟɪɟɦɟɧɧɵɟ ɝɥɨɛɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɨɤ — ɥɸɛɚɹ ɩɟɪɟɦɟɧɧɚɹ, ɭɤɚɡɚɧɧɚɹ ɜ ɨɤɧɟ Global Settings, ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ ABSTOL, RELTOL, GMIN.

ɋɭɦɦɚɪɧɵɟ ɦɨɳɧɨɫɬɢ ɢ ɷɧɟɪɝɢɢ ɫɯɟɦɵ

PGT — ɨɛɳɚɹ ɦɨɳɧɨɫɬɶ, ɝɟɧɟɪɢɪɭɟɦɚɹ ɢɫɬɨɱɧɢɤɚɦɢ ɷɧɟɪɝɢɢ ɫɯɟɦɵ;

PST — ɨɛɳɚɹ ɦɨɳɧɨɫɬɶ, ɡɚɩɚɫɚɟɦɚɹ ɜ ɢɧɞɭɤɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɢ ɟɦɤɨɫɬɧɵɯ ɤɨɦɩɨ- ɧɟɧɬɚɯ ɫɯɟɦɵ;

ɊDɌ — ɨɛɳɚɹ ɪɚɫɫɟɢɜɚɟɦɚɹ ɜ ɫɯɟɦɟ ɦɨɳɧɨɫɬɶ;

EGT — ɩɨɥɧɚɹ ɷɧɟɪɝɢɹ, ɝɟɧɟɪɢɪɭɟɦɚɹ ɢɫɬɨɱɧɢɤɚɦɢ ɫɯɟɦɵ;

EST — ɩɨɥɧɚɹ ɷɧɟɪɝɢɹ, ɡɚɩɚɫɚɟɦɚɹ ɜ ɢɧɞɭɤɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɢ ɟɦɤɨɫɬɧɵɯ ɤɨɦɩɨ- ɧɟɧɬɚɯ ɫɯɟɦɵ;

EDT — ɩɨɥɧɚɹ ɷɧɟɪɝɢɹ, ɪɚɫɫɟɢɜɚɟɦɚɹ ɜ ɫɯɟɦɟ;

ɇɨɦɟɪɚ ɭɡɥɨɜ, ɩɪɢɫɜɚɢɜɚɟɦɵɟ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɨɣ Micro-Cap ɚɜɬɨɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢ, ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɹɸɬ ɫɨɛɨɣ ɰɟɥɵɟ ɱɢɫɥɚ, ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ 0, 2, 25. Ʉɪɨɦɟ ɬɨɝɨ, ɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚ-

ɬɟɥɶ ɩɨ ɤɨɦɚɧɞɟ Options>Mode>Text (, Ctrl+T) ɦɨɠɟɬ ɩɪɢɫɜɨɢɬɶ ɥɸɛɨɦɭ ɭɡɥɭ ɢɦɹ ɜ ɜɢɞɟ ɬɟɤɫɬɨɜɨɣ ɚɥɮɚɜɢɬɧɨ-ɰɢɮɪɨɜɨɣ ɩɟɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɣ, ɧɚɱɢɧɚɸɳɟɣɫɹ ɫ ɛɭɤɜɵ ɢɥɢ ɫɢɦɜɨɥɚ "_" ɢ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɳɟɣ ɧɟ ɛɨɥɟɟ 50 ɫɢɦɜɨɥɨɜ ɥɚɬɢɧɫɤɨɝɨ ɚɥ-

ɮɚɜɢɬɚ, ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ 1, Out, Reset, Set, J1, K1, In.

ȼ ɦɚɬɟɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɜɵɪɚɠɟɧɢɹɯ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶɫɹ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɟ ɩɟɪɟ- ɦɟɧɧɵɟ (ɫɦ. ɬɚɛɥ. 4.2):

Ɍ ɚ ɛ ɥ ɢ ɰ ɚ 4 . 2 . ɉɟɪɟɦɟɧɧɵɟ, ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɦɵɟ ɜ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɟ Micro-Cap