source источник, вд. происхождение sea-valves кингстон

bilges льяло

to install устанавливать, монтировать entries записи

spillage утечка; потери вследствие проливания to bother беспокоить(ся), волноваться inspection round осмотр

trace след

to share делить(ся), поделиться rubbish хлам, мусор

garbage кухонные отбросы, гниющий мусор refuse отбросы, отходы

to dump сбрасывать, сваливать (мусор) peels корка, кожица, шелуха

receptacle приемник, вместилище, хранилище garbage lighter мусорная баржа

sewage сточные воды; нечистоты to drop in зд. заглянуть, зайти

Roger. Вас понял, (радиотемф. выражение) to extend простираться, тянуться

blackish темный, черноватый debris обломки, мусор helicopter вертолет

skimmer портовый лихтер для сбора плавающей нефти, мусора

Expressions

to come into force войти в силу (юр.)

to coordinate activities согласовать действия

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monitoring system система управления (дозиметрии.) control system система слежения (регулир.)

there are no traces of spilled or leaked oil нет следов проливания или утечки нефти

how come как случилось, как произошло (разг.)

reception facilities приемные устройства brand new совершенно новое to avoid misunderstanding чтобы избежать недоразумения

can you put me through можете ли вы соединить меня по телефону с

I'll try to dial their telephone number. Я попробую набрать номер их телефона.

by dead reckoning по счислению (местоположения)

We wish you the best of luck. Желаем удачи.

TEXT

The volume of international transportation of cargoes by sea is rapidly growing from year to year. In 1950 the total amount of goods carried by sea was about 525 million tons. In 1976 the total amount reached 3,352 mln tons. It is supposed that by the end of our century it will attain a tremendous figure of 9,700 mln tons.

The number of transport vessels has grown and is still growing now very rapidly. By the end of the 20th century the total tonnage of the world's cargo vessels is estimated to be about 500 million tons.

The sailing of so many vessels in the world's oceans and seas evolved many new problems. To avoid many perils and accidents at sea it became necessary to coordinate their activities. Of course, it could be done only by mutual efforts of all the countries. After the Second World War the Organization of the United Nations was faced with this problem. It worked out a special convention for creating such an organization which was named the Inter-governmental Maritime Consultative Organization (IMCO) (now this organization is called IMO). The Convention was

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approved by many countries and came into force in 1958. Nowadays more than 100 countries are the members of this Organization.

IMO performs now many functions through its Committees. The main of them are: the Committee of Safety at Sea, the Committee for protecting the sea environment, the Juridical Committee and the Committee for technical cooperation. Each of these committees works out special regulations which are further discussed, completed and approved at the Assemblies or Conferences and then, on ratification by the majority of the IMO's members, become a compulsory law. Such documents as International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea, International Convention on Preventing Pollution at Sea, International Regulations for Safety of Life at Sea and others are well known to all the mariners and shall be strictly obeyed in practical navigation.

All these regulations impose liability on shipping companies, the vessels and their crews for non-observance, non-compliance or violation of the rules.

Much attention is now paid to preventing pollution at sea, as its consequences may threaten the vitally important problems of the mankind. The coast and coastal waters polluted with oil or poisonous substances may become uninhabitable or harmful not only for man but for fish, birds, animals, and other living creatures as well as for vegetation.

Under Convention the countries, members of IMO, undertake to see to the effective execution of the rules. To control the strict observance of the Regulations special organizations have been established. The staff of these organizations is entitled to investigate the cause of pollution, to inspect the equipment aboard vessels and to impose a penalty for the Violation of the Regulations.

DIALOGUES

1

INSPECTOR. Good afternoon, sir. I am an Inspector of the . Marine Safety Office. We have found a big slick of fuel oil on the water surface not far from your

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vessel.

CAPTAIN. You are welcome, sir, but I am afraid you made a mistake as to the source of that slick. You see, Inspector, our ship is well provided with an appropriate equipment to prevent any pollution.

INSPECTOR. What equipment do you mean, sir?

CAPTAIN. We have a special slop-tank, a segregated ballast-tank. When the sea valves are sealed, the bilges are connected to these tanks. Besides we have aboard an automatic monitoring and control system. This system operates both when loading and discharging oil. I can also mention that an oily water separating equipment is installed in our ship's engine room.

INSPECTOR. Yes, that's very good indeed. Perhaps, I am mistaken, but you see I am under duty to check all the possible sources of pollution. Do you keep an oil record book?

CAPTAIN. Of course, we do. Just a moment. I can show it to you, so that you might look through the last entries.

INSPECTOR. Yes, thank you, that would be helpful. Well, according to your entries you had no spillage for a long time.

CAPTAIN. Yes, that's right. By the way, I can also show you our Register's Certificate. About a week ago all the valves were tested and found to be in a proper state.

INSPECTOR. No, thank you, you needn't show ft. But you know, that damned slick of oil still bothers me much. Would you mind if I make an inspection round on your vessel, just to see that there are no traces of spilled or leaked oil.

CAPTAIN. Yes, certainly you may do it. That's your duty. I'll ask the Chief Mate to help you. Meanwhile I want to share with you an idea that has just come to my head. Did you take any samples of oil on that spot?

INSPECTOR. Yes, we did.

CAPTAIN. Then I might suggest you to take some samples from our tanks too. The analyses will show whether these samples are of the same kind, or they are different.

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INSPECTOR. Thank you, sir. That's really a good idea.

CAPTAIN. One thing more. Didn't I tell you that on entering your zone all the gate valves were sealed by one of your control vessels. You might as well check all the seals.

INSPECTOR. Yes, thank you for your assistance. I'll have to do it willy-

nilly.

2

INSPECTOR. I think you know, sir, that dumping of garbage or any refuse is prohibited in the port waters.

CAPTAIN. Certainly, Inspector, this is a common regulation rule for all the

ports.

INSPECTOR. Then how come that there are some watermelon and fruit peels floating near your sternl Did you dump any garbage recently?

CAPTAIN. No, we didn't. But an hour ago a tourist launch passed by our ship. Maybe, they have done it.

INSPECTOR. Maybe, but I am not sure. What do you do with your garbage?

CAPTAIN. We have special receptacles where we keep the garbage. Usually in the ports where they have reception facilities we discharge it into garbage lighters.

INSPECTOR. Unfortunately, we don't have garbage lighters in our port. CAPTAIN. We know that. Somebody told us about it. To avoid any

misunderstanding, Inspector, I would like you to see yourself our ship's garbage and sewage equipment. It's brand new and very convenient. It won't take you much time.

INSPECTOR. Maybe, during the inspection round we'll drop in the galley

too?

CAPTAIN. Why not. You may see here everything you want. Wait a moment, please. I'll tell the Chief Mate to accompany you.

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