a rent was caused in our ship's bow.

JUDGE. Well, thank you, you may sit down now. Ladies and gentlemen, allow me to announce that because of the late hour we decree the resumption of this hearing on Friday, September 17, 1983, at 9 a.m.

LABORATORY EXERCISES

1. Listen to the text of the lesson again and answer the following questions:

1. Who is to establish the fault in collision? 2. What decision does the court pass in such cases? 3. How are the damages divided if both vessels are to blame? 4. Who pays for the damage if only one vessel is at fault? 5. How is the loss divided if neither ship is to blame? 6. May a collision occur when both vessels are under way? 7. Why should the vessels stay by each other in case of collision? 8. How long should they stay so? 9. What information shall be exchanged between the two vessels involved in a collision? 10. Into what official document should the masters enter all the circumstances of the collision? 11. Do Soviet vessels always render assistance to ships in distress? 12. Who is to pay salvage reward and to whom? 13. What does the amount of such a reward depend on? 14. What contract is usually signed in case of salvage operations? 15. What are the usual terms of the contract?

II.Translate these sentences into Russian. (Revise grammar on "Conditional Sentences" first.):

1. If you kept that speed, you would arrive at Point B. at 5 o'clock tomorrow.

2.If the court investigated the case, the verdict would be passed the next week. 3. If we had a power of attorney, we might file a brief. 4. If they proved that fact, we should not bear responsibility. 5. If you acted as our solicitor, we should not have translated the document. 6. If she typed the extracts, we might lodge the claim.

III.Listen to the short dialogues, repeat each sentence during the

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pauses and learn the dialogues by heart:

"How can we bring the suit against them?" "You must file a brief with the local court."

"We must find someone to help us with this business."

"Yes, I think you should. Ask our lawyer to act as your solicitor then."

***

"For what day did the judge appoint the hearing of the case?" "For next Friday. Haven't you received summons yet?"

"No, not yet. Have the witnesses been summoned too?"

"Certainly, they have. Don't fail to let me know when you get the summons."

***

"I've got here a statement of facts. Will you go through it?"

"Yes, let me have it, please. Have you retained a copy of this statement?" "No, I haven't. I want to have a copy typed after you have made the

necessary corrections."

IV. Listen to each of the long dialogues again and retell briefly their contents from the point of view of: (a) one speaker, (b) the other speaker, (c) an onlooker.

Make your partner ask you about some details which you missed.

V.Write the dictation:

The court is to establish the fault in collision with one or with both vessels. If one vessel is guilty she will bear all the responsibility for the damage caused. If both vessels are to blame each vessel shall be held liable for the damage in proportion to the degree of her fault. If no vessel is to blame (as, for instance, in case of inevitable accident), then each vessel shall bear her own loss. In every case of collision both vessels shall stay by one another so that each of them could

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render assistance to therdamaged vessel, to her master, her crew and passengers, if required. They may proceed on their voyage only after they have ascertained that no further assistance is required. The collided vessels usually exchange information, by radio or otherwise, of the ship's names, their masters' names, their ports of registry, their nationality and whether they require any assistance. According to law, each vessel shall enter all the circumstances of the collision in her log book. Ships may need assistance not only as a result of some collision. They may be in distress due to various causes. In such a case, ships in distress send distress signals to all ships in the vicinity. The nearest vessel may come and render assistance, which is considered to be salvage of a vessel. It is customary to pay the salvor salvage reward. The amount of the reward depends on the value of the property saved.

VI. Practise in pairs enacting the following situations. You act as the captain, your partner—as the lawyer in (a), you — as the chief mate, your partner — as the judge in (b). Then you change your parts.

(a)You are consulting your lawyer as to the brief he is to file with the court. He is asking you about details of the collision and your actions as a watch officer during the accident. He suggests to you that all the facts which you state must be substantiated by the entries in your log book and by the evidence of the witnesses.

(b)You are at the session of the court. You must prove that all the actions of you and your crew were reasonable and complied with the Rules of the Road. The judge asks you about the circumstances of the collision and the actions which you were taking at different stages of the collision. You describe in detail the manoeuvres which your ship was performing to avoid the collision.

VII. Translate into English:

Я утверждаю, что это судно виновно в столкновении. Оно нарушило МПСС. Сейчас я постараюсь доказать это. Но сначала я хочу спросить вас, как возбудить дело в суде против этой компании. Я уверен, что после

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расследования этого дела решение суда будет в нашу пользу. Теперь позвольте мне вернуться к самому столкновению. Мы шли в условиях хорошей видимости. Я принял вахту от третьего помощника. В 4.30 я взял радиопеленги и определил место судна. Это место я нанес на карту. Вскоре после этого мы заметили заряд тумана в 5—6 милях по носу судна. Я включил локатор, убавил скорость судна до средней, доложил капитану. За одну-полторы мили до входа в туман я уменьшил скорость до самого малого хода вперед и включил автоматическую сирену на один продолжительный гудок. После этого я включил и проверил ходовые огни, нанес на карту счислимое место судна на 4.45 по судовому времени. Видимость понизилась до 150—200 метров. Капитан поднялся на мостик, когда я сверял часы в машинном отделении с часами в штурманской рубке. Капитан сразу же посмотрел на экран локатора и увидел на пятимильной шкале, локатора приближающееся судно. Он отдал приказание дать полный ход назад. Это было в 4.50. В 4.52 наше судно остановилось, и мы начали подавать два продолжительных гудка. Через 1—2 минуты с левого борта из тумана показалось встречное судно. Оно не несло никаких огней и не подавало никаких сигналов. Наше судно в это время уже начало двигаться назад. Почти одновременно с этим приближающееся судно ударилось своим носом в носовую часть нашего судна в районе форпика.

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