II.Переведите на русский язык следующие английские словосочетания:

1) machine tools 6) the imaginary flight

2) some of them 7) at their disposal

3) basic operations 8) in the field of oil production

4) living things 9) biggest oil companies

5) man's penetration into space 10)ways of living

III.Найдите в тексте английские эквиваленты следующих словосочетаний:

1) установлены на верстаке 6) финансовый кризис

2) станок с механическим приводом 7) большинство

конкурентов

3) карьера учителя 8) существующие нефтяные

месторождения

4) научная фантастика 9) условия труда

5) теории космического полета 10) где-либо еще

IV.Найдите в тексте слова, имеющие общий корень с данными словами. Определите, к какой части речи они относятся, и переведите их на русский язык:

Product, close, invest, big, school, note, work, them, planet, profit.

V.Задайте к выделенному в тексте предложению все типы вопросов: общий, альтернативный, разделительный, два специальных: а) к подлежащему, б) к любому члену предложения.

VI.Выполните анализ данных предложений, обратив внимание на следующие грамматические явления: формы глаголов to be, to have; оборот there is/are; степени сравнения прилагательных и наречий; множественное число существительных; Present, Past, Future Simple Active/Passive; модальные глаголы.

1. There are some basic operations at any workshop

2. Since machine tools become faster and more complex, automatic measurements and inspection ought to be of greater importance.

3. The variety and combinations of machine tools today are unlimited.

4. The voyage that follows is described very vividly.

5. They manage to have stable, low-cost production and look much better positioned than most competitors in the field of oil production.

VII. Ответьте на вопросы по текстам:

1 What basic operations at any workshop do you know?

2 What is a lathe?

3 What was the problem at which Tsiolkovsky worked?

4 What prediction was published in 1954?

5 How does Surgut look today?

6 What do analysts say about Surgut's power?

7 Where is Surgut, situated?

VIII.Составьте аннотацию к тексту (2-3 предложения).

IX.Составьте реферат текста (10-15 предложений).

X. Составьте план текста и перескажите текст.

Вариант 11

I.Прочитайте и переведите текст:

On Higher Education

Nobody doubts these days that progress in the world depends on progress in education, higher education in particular.

In Britain, for example, about 71 per cent of pupils continue studying after the age of 16. The proportion of young people entering universities has risen from one in eight in 1980 to almost about one in three at present.

English universities usually consist of colleges. The academic year is divided into three terms. The course lasts three or four years, depending on the subject area: arts, science, law, engineering, medicine, social sciences. The structure of courses does not differ from Russian courses in size of groups, methods of teaching and close relationships with teachers. Methods of assessment differ from university to university but all British students have to undergo lengthy written examinations. Conditions of student life in Britain differ from those in Russia.

The English assume that anyone from age eighteen is an independent being capable of making up his or her own mind and capable of looking after himself or herself. As a rule, English students try to live away from home. Like Russian students, English students receive a grant from the state for the expenses of daily living. The level of the grant depends on the income of the student and of the student's parents. Besides, students can take out a special student loan which they do not have to repay until they are earning. Loans are not means-tested. In the opinion of the English there is one more obvious difference between British and Russian students, however. Traditionally, there has always been an enormous amount of amateur and voluntary work in Britain. It takes place in universities as well: playing in the university band, taking part in athletics or football, running university newspapers, helping the disabled and pensioners, participating in local and national voluntary groups and societies.

There is a widespread opinion that conditions may be different but goals of getting higher education are the same everywhere. Many people admit that for the majority of young people today success in life is measured in terms of the money young people earn. This materialistic outlook has seriously influenced education. Fewer and fewer young people these days acquire knowledge only for its own sake. They want to obtain prestigious diplomas to get higher wages and advancement.

A Language Teacher's Personal Opinion

Every day I see advertisements in the newspapers and on the buses saying that it is easy to learn English. According to these advertisements, with very little effort on the student's part, he/she will be able to speak the language fluently in three months or even ten days. When I see advertisements like this, I don't know whether to laugh or cry. If it were as easy to learn English as they say I would have to look for another job because very few qualified teachers would be needed. But a large number of people must believe these claims. If people didn't believe it, such advertisements would not appear.

It is natural for students to be attracted to methods that will teach them as quickly, efficiently and cheaply as possible. But it is no use pretending that anyone has discovered a perfect way of teaching English in every possible situation.

For a long time people believed that the only way to learn a language was by spending a great deal of time in a country where it was spoken. Of course it is clear that the students who go to England to learn English have a great advantage over others, but a large number of students cannot afford to do so. Some students go to the opposite extreme and think they can teach themselves at home by learning words in dictionaries. But it is wrong to assume that each word in English has an equivalent in another language and that any translation method can produce good pronunciation and intonation.

In my personal opinion no one can ever learn to speak English or any other language unless he is interested in learning it. There is another relevant point worth mentioning here. One should remember that language learning is an active thing that needs effort and time. It is worth remembering that language is a means of communication.

So students of English should forget about being shy, nervous, afraid of saying something incorrect or silly and should start learning by talking. It's far better to make a few mistakes than to say nothing. If you make the effort to speak you'll find that little by little you'll get more confidence and enjoy speaking.

II.Переведите на русский язык следующие английские словосочетания:

1)depends on progress 2)amateur and voluntary work

3) in particular 4) the majority of young people

5)the structure of courses 6) advertisements in the newspapers

7)from university to university 8) whether to laugh or cry

9)as a rule

10) in my personal opinion

III.Найдите в тексте английские эквиваленты следующих словосочетаний:

1)широко распространенное мнение 2) единственный способ

3)многие люди признают

4)следует забыть о робости

5)все меньше и меньше людей

6)иметь большое преимущество

7) эти требования 8)каждое слово в английском

9)совершенный путь обучения

10)стоит помнить

IV.Найдите в тексте слова, имеющие общий корень с данными словами. Определите, к какой части речи они относятся, и переведите их на русский язык:

High, educate, some, advertise, know, material, out, how, ball, assess.

V.Задайте к выделенному в тексте предложению все типы вопросов: общий, альтернативный, разделительный, два специальных: а)к подлежащему, б)к любому члену предложения.

VI.Выполните анализ данных предложений, обратив внимание на следующие грамматические явления: формы глаголов to be, to have; оборот there is/are; степени сравнения прилагательных и наречий; множественное число существительных; Present, Past, Future Simple Active/Passive; модальные глаголы.

1. The academic year is divided into three terms.

2. The structure of courses does not differ from Russian courses in size of groups.

3. Fewer and fewer young people these days acquire knowledge only for its own sake.

4. So students of English should forget about being shy.

5. It is natural for students to be attracted to methods that will teach them as quickly, efficiently and cheaply as possible.