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^CONTENTS

PART III

Do We Eat to Live or Live to Eat

Unit 1 Daily Meals 4

Unit 2 Food and Cooking 9

Unit 3 Table Manners 34

Unit 4 Eating Out 40

Unit5 You Are What You Eat 52

Vocabulary 70

PART IV

Shopping

Unit 1 Buying Foodstuffs 81

Unit2 Department Store 94

Unit3 Clothing .. 108

Unit4 Shop until You Drop 124

Vocabulary 141

References 157

PART III

DO WE EAT TO LIVE OR LIVE TO EAT?

Unit 1. Daily Meals.

Unit 2. Food and Cooking.

Unit 3. Table Manners.

Unit 4. Eating Out.

Unit 5. You Are What You Eat.

Unit 1

Daily Meals

Focus Vocabulary

Meals Courses

breakfast brunch dinner lunch supper the elevenses(BrE) a bite/snack tea: afternoon tea, 5 о 'clock tea, high tea

afters/dessert appetizer(appetizer AmE)/ starter/ hors d'oeuvre (Fr) course the first/soup course the main meat course/ entre’e (Fr) speciality (BrE)/ specialty (AmE)

Mealtimes

Two things never fail to confuse foreigners when they come to Britain: cricket and British meals. However, whereas the visitor can live without understanding cricket (indeed, most British people have little grasp of the rules of the game), it is almost impossible to survive without an understanding of British eating habits. The following passage may help to make things clearer.

Understanding British meals is one of the great mysteries to the foreign visitor. Over the centuries, the British have shown a tendency to name and re-name their meals, and to move them about the day in an apparently random fashion Further to confuse outsiders, we give different names to each meal depending on our social class and part of the country we live in.

Breakfast, which was once taken at 5 o'clock in the morning, can now be at any time before 11.30. It has thus overtaken dinner. In Norman times - the 12^th century -dinner was at 9 am; by the 15th century it had moved to 11 am: and today it can be eaten at any time between noon and 2.30 in the afternoon and is called lunch by a large promotuon of the population, especially the middle and upper classes and people from soutnern Britain. Many farm labourers, however, who start work at sun-rise and have their breakfast before they go to work, still stop for a lunch break at about 9 o'clock. In the 14th century, supper was at 4 o'clock - which is now called tea-time. But outside the south-east of England, working families have tea or high tea about 6 in the evening while the rest of their fellow-countrymen have dinner, which is often also called supper, at about 7.30 pm.

Word Ex. 1 What do they call:

Meaning

1. a meal taken between lunch and supper if dinner is not taken in the evening

2. a snack and drink taken during the morning

3. a quick meal in the middle of the day

4. the first meal of the day

5. a formal evening meal in Belarus

6. the main meal of the day in England

7. a meal eaten in the late morning

Note: See the words in the Focus Vocabulary.

Word Ex. 2 Use the right word (meal, food, course, dish).

Use

1. We have three ... a day, breakfast, dmnsi and supper. 2. I like to cook my ... myself. 3. This ... tastes bad. Don't eat it. 4. Breakfast in England is generally a bigger ... than they have on the continent. 5. The most common third ... at our canteen is compote. 6. Why don't you take a ... of meat and vegetables? 7. Dinner consists of several... 8.1 like to have a nice hot... in the evening. 9. Which ... is tastier: boiled or fried? 10. Yesterday 1 tried to prepare a very special... from a French cookery book.

Words What British People Eat

in Context

What's your favourite food?

What do you eat with it?

When do you have it?

You are going to read a text about what British people eat and when. What do you want to know? Write some questions.

Examples

What do they have for breakfast?

Do they have hot things or cold?

Do they eat a lot of fish?

A traditional English breakfast is a very big meal - sausages, bacon, eggs, tomatoes, mushrooms... But nowadays many people just have cereal with milk and sugar, or toast with marmalade, jam, or honey. Marmalade and jam are not the same! Marmalade is made from oranges and jam is made from other fruit. The traditional breakfast drink is tea, which people have with cold milk. Some people have coffee, often instant coffee, which is made with just hot water. Many visitors to Britain find this coffee disgusting!

For many people lunch is a quick meal In cities there are a lot of sandwich bars, where office workers can choose the kind of bread they want - brown, white, or a roll -and then all sorts of salad and meat or fish to go in the sandwich. Pubs often serve good, cheap food, both hot and cold. School-children can have a hot meal at school, but many just take a snack from home - a sandwich, a drink, some fruit, and perhaps some crisps.

"Tea" means two things. It is a drink and a meal! Some people have afternoon tea, with sandwiches, cakes and. of course, a cup of tea Cream teas are popular. You have scones (a kind of cake) with cream and jam

The evening meal is the main meal of the day for many people. They usually have it quite early, between 6.00 and 8.00, and often the whole family eats together.

On Sundays main families have a traditional lunch. They have roast meat, either beef, lamb, chicken, or pork, with potatoes, vegetables, and gravy. Gravy is a sauce made from the meat juices.

The British like food from other countries, too, especially Italian, French, Chinese, and Indian. People often get take-away meals - you buy the food at the restaurant and then bring it home to eat. Eating in Britain is quite international!

Word Made of or from

Use

'Made from' is used when the original materials have been completely changed and

cannot be recognised: e.g. Marmalade is made from oranges.

'Made of is used when the original materials have not been completely changed and

you can still see them: e.g. The staircase is made of pine.

Ex. 3 Use the right preposition:

1. The salesgirl claimed that the jumper was made ... wool.

2. Many components of this machine are made ...plastic.

3. Margarine, which is made ... natural ingredients, seems to be more acceptable.

4. You can't make butter ... skimmed milk.

5. The impressive building of the bank made ... steel and glass towers over the other houses.

6. Lenses made ... plastic are as good as those made ... glass and much lighter.

7. Silk is made ... very thin thread which is produced by a silk worm.

8. My blouse is made ... the finest silk.

9. What is viscose made ...?

10. Bread is made ... flour and water.

11. Their dining table is made ... solid oak.

12. What did you make this sauce ...? It's delicious.

13. 'Redbrick universities' is the colloquial name for the universities which appeared in the 19^th century. Normally they were made ... red brick.

14. Whisky is made ... barley.

15. Wine is an alcoholic drink made ... grapes or any fruit.

Ex. 4 Compare the two sentences:

For many people lunch is a quick meal.

On Sundays many families have a traditional lunch.

Can you explain the use of article with the word lunch?

Names of meals are used without articles.

Example: When did you have dinner?

Is dinner ready?

Mother is cooking dinner.

While they were at breakfast, the letters were brought in.(Austen)

I have finished breakfast, ring the bell.(Ch. Bronte)

The definite article is used when the nouns are modified by a particularising attribute or when the situation makes them definite.

Example: The dinner we had today was very substantial. The dinner was a success.

The indefinite article is used if the name of meal is modified by a descriptive attribute.

Example: After a hearty breakfast the four gentlemen had a walk.

Ex. 5 Fill in articles if necessary.

1... dinner is ready. Will you have it now? 2. Would you like to come over for ... dinner on Friday? 3. When ... lunch was over they went upstairs to rest a little. 4. It all happened at ... official luncheon. 5. - How do you like ... supper? - Oh, it's ... delicious supper. 6. - What will you have for ... dessert? - I'd rather have ... apple-juice. 7. - How was … tea? - ... tea was super. 8. I hope you are satisfied with ... supper. 9. ... breakfast was bacon and eggs. 10. They are giving ... dinner in honour of her retirement. 11.1 hate his habit of reading a newspaper at ... breakfast.

Skill Ex. 6 A. Work in pairs. Agree or disagree with the following statements

Developing

1. Many British people have a big breakfast.

2. People often have cereal or toast for breakfast.

3. Marmalade is different from jam.

4. People drink tea with hot milk.

5. Many foreign visitors love instant coffee.

6. All British have a hot lunch.

7. Pubs are good places to go for lunch.

8. British eat dinner late in the evening.

9. Sunday lunch is a special meal.

10. When you get a take-away meal, you eat it at home.

B. Say what is true about your meals.

Ex. 7 What meals are typical in Belarus? Make use of the following skeleton.

We simply have ________________ and______________, which____________.

We usually start with___________, which is______________.

Then we shall either have ____________or_____________or something like that.

Some people drink ___________in the morning, and/but we/_______. Some people

prefer _________.