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Part 1

IT TAKES ALL SORTS

Unit 1. Getting to Know People.

Unit 2. Family Relationships.

Unit 3. Going by Appearances.

Unit 4. Character and Personality.

Unit 1

A. Name. Getting to Know People. Forms of Address.

Introductions.

Focus Vocabulary

name

first name/Christian name/given name

last name/surname/family name full name

middle name

maiden name patronymic

Word Formation

Ex. 1 Give the full names of the following short ones. The first one is done for you.

Alec - Alexander Richie - Pat- Lizzy - Betty - Sue. Susie - Jozy - Lew, Lewie - Andy -

Juby- Sam- Bob(y), Robbie - Nick- Jim(my) – Leff- Ellen- Becky

Word Use

Ex. 2 Answer the questions making various substitutions.

- What's your first name?

- My name is Catherine but Mum calls me Cathy.

- What's your friend's (brother's, sister's, mother's, cousin's) first name?

- What's your friend's (cousin's, fellow student's) family name?

Forms of Address

It is common to address people we know well by their first name.

Mr (BrE)/Mr. (AmE) is

1) a title used before a man's family name when we are speaking to him or writing to him;

2) a title used when addressing a man in an official position, for example,

Mr Chairman, Mr President.

Mrs (BrE)/Mrs. (AmE) is a title used before a married woman's family nanw when you are speaking or writing to her.

Miss is used in front of the family name of a woman who is not married.

Ms (BrE)/Ms. (AmE) is a title used before a woman's family name because il is not important to say whether she is married or not, or when you do not know whether she is married or not.

Note: 1. Usually Mr, Mrs, Miss is not used with names of people who at famous, for example, the defeat of Adolf Hilter, Clinton's health air policy,

2. Mister, Misses and Miss alone (without surname) are sometimes met I but are not polite, although Miss is generally accepted as a form address to a woman-teacher by primary-school children in Britain.

Other Forms of Address

Sir - used to a man who is clearly older and/or more senior than oneself.

Sir - is also used:

> by shop assistants, waiters, etc t their male customers;

> by schoolchildren to men-teachers;

> as a polite form of address to a stranger, even if not older. However, this is not common nowadays in Britain, where the usual way to address a stranger (either a man or a woman) is Excuse me, please.

In America sir is common in this situation;

> in the armed forces, to an (superior) officer;

> as a title (for knights and baronets), followed by the first name, for Sir William.

Madam is used by shop assistants, waiters, etc. to their female except for this type of situation, however, madam is less widely used than sir. It is not used when addressing women-teachers (here Mrs/Miss with the name when addressing an older or more senior woman.)

It is only rarely used to a stranger - 'Excuse me. please' being the usual form.

Doctor is used alone only to medical practitioners. When addressing a person with the degree of Doctor of Philosophy or Doctor of Science the surname is always included, for example, Dr. Brown.

Professor is used either with or without surname, depending on how formal or informal one wishes to be. (Simply Professor is more formal).

General/Colonel/Captain, etc is also used either with or without the surname.

Ladies and Gentlemen/Friends to an audience.

Mr/Madam Chairman - to the chairman of a meeting.

Waiter/Waitress/Porter/Nurse, etc - to people in certain occupations.

However, this usage is now becoming rare, at least as regards Waiter/Waitress and Porter. Instead people simply try to catch the waiter's eye, for example, or say

Excuse me, (please).

Officer - to a policeman. If one knows his rank, one may also address him as, for example, Constable or Inspector. In practice, however, most people approaching a policeman for information or help use Excuse me, (please), without any form of address.

Note: Commercial and administrative titles such as director and manager are never used as forms of address.

Less Common Forms of Address

Your Majesty - to a king or queen

Your Highness - to a prince or duke

Your Lordship - to a lord (peer) or a High Court judge

Your Honour - to a magistrate (Justice of the Peace)

Informal Address

Baby/Babe (AmE) - a way of speaking to someone that you love.

Buddy/Luv (AmE) - used to speak to a man you do not know.

- used to address someone you love

- used when you are talking to someone you love; Hurry up, Love!; Come on, Luv, don't cry. or to someone who you do not know, esp. to a woman; Are you OK, Love?

Mate (BrE/AustrE) - to a man: What's the time, mate?

Old man/old boy (BrE) old-fashioned - used to address a male friend: Could I have a word with you, old man?

Pal - used to address a man in an unfriendly way. Listen, pal, I don't want you hanging around my sister any more.