Vocabulary

Above

Accommodation

Advance

Among

Apartment

Area

At

Attic

Back

Back

prep in a higher position than something

• Mexico City is 2400 metres above sea level.

the floor/ room/ apartment above

• We could hear noises in the room above.

from above

• Looking down from above, we could see the whole island spread out like a map.

n 1. a place for someone to stay, live, or work in:

rented accommodation 2.accommodations (pl) AmE (formal) the rooms, food, services, etc that are provided in a hotel or on a train, boat, etc.

> in advance - ahead in time or place

• I'd prefer to pay in advance.

prep in a group of people or things so that they all around you:

• The house was hidden among the trees.

Syn: surrounded

n a set of rooms within a larger building, usually on one level, where someone lives AmE; a flat BrE

one-bedroomed/ two-bedroomed

overcrowded

poky

spacious

three-storey BrE, three-story AmE

(housing) estate BrE,

(housing) project AmE

neighbourhood BrE, neighborhood AmE

> in the neighbourhood part of town suburb

prep 1. use this when you are saying exactly who someone or something

at the bus stop/ at Bill's house/ at one' desk/ at the airport/ at home

2. use this with names of buildings, shops, hotels, theatres, schools etc.

• We're staying at the Holiday Inn.

3. use this with addresses

• The Prime Minister lives at 10 Downing Street.

n a space or room under the roof of a house often

used for storing things

1. in or into the place or position where someone or something was before

• She was supposed to be back at the hotel by six.

2. in a place where you or your family lived before

back in/ back at etc.

• Back home we never did things this way.

3. in the direction that you have come from

• He took a few steps back, then took the photo.

4. as a reply or reaction to what someone has done

• I'll pay you back on Friday.

5. sit/ lie/ lean back (= to sit or lie in a comfortable, relaxed way)

6. go back on a promise/ agreement etc. (= to do the opposite of what you promised to do)

• You can trust Kate - she 'II never go back on her word.

n 1. the side of a person's or animal's body that is opposite the chest and goes from the neck to the top of the legs: on one's back

at the back (= in the back part of the inside of a room, cupboard, drawer, etc.)

• It was right at the back of the drawer.

in the back (= in the back part of the inside of a car)

• Just throw all your bags in the back of the car.

back (= on the back of a piece of paper,

clothing, etc.)

If you turn it over you'll see the artist's signature on the back. 2. at/ in the back of one's mind; back to back

back to front BrE, on backwards AmE behind smb's back

back-ache

back-seat

back-talk

back-to-back

back-yard

basement

be in

bed

bedroom

bedside

behind

besides

1. at the back

a back room

the backpage

a back seat

2. behind something

in the back yard

3. back street/ lane/ road, etc. (= a street, etc. that is away from the main street)

Syn: rear (in or on the back part of a building, car, train, or plane - used in official or technical information)

rear window (exit) carriage, etc.

• The two rear carriages of the train are reserved for non-smokers

a pain in your back

1. a seat at the back of a car, behind where the driver sits

2. back sit driver (= a passenger in the back of a car who gives unwanted advice to the driver about how to drive)

n AmE a rude reply to someone who is telling you what to do BrE = backchat

n BrE a house in a row or terrace built with its back touching the back of the next row of houses

1. BrE a square flat area behind a house, covered with a hard surface

2. AmE an area of land behind a house, usually

covered with grass .

• The old man grew vegetables in the

backyard.

n a room or area that is under the level of the ground

spoken: if someone is in, they are at home, and you can talk to them or visit them

• Hi, Mrs. Jones. Is Sally in?

Ant: to be out (spoken) to not be in your home for a short period

to be away: to not be in your home for several days, weeks or months to be often away from home

n 2. a piece of furniture for sleeping

on /in bed

to go to bed

to make the bed

to put smb to bed

to get smb out of bed

time for bed

3. the flat ground at the bottom of a river, lake, or sea

the sea bed

4. an area of a garden, park etc. that has been prepared for plats to grow in rose beds

not a bed of roses - not a happy, comfortable or easy situation

• Life isn 't always a bed of roses you know.

v to bed out - to put plants into the ground so that

they can grow

adj a bedroom suburb is a place from which people

travel to a city to work every day

n the area around your bed

• Relatives have been at his bedside all week, hoping he will regain conciousness.

bedside lamp/ table etc - next to your bed

prep/ at or towards the back of smth.

adv • The cat ran out from behind a tree.

Syn: at the back BrE/ in back AmE, round the back BrE, infml

• The tennis courts were at the back of the main school building.

• The garbage cans are in back of the house.

in or to the rear of smth., on the far side of

• Put a cushion behind you.

• The sun has just disappeared behind a clod.

• The dog was running behind.

be behind with - an infml expression meaning to have done less of your work that you planned to do or should have done

• I've got to stay late tonight because I'm a bit behind with my work.

• Mary is behind the other girls in sewing.

prep next to or very close to someone or something

• She came up and sat beside me.

prep in addition to a point, statement etc. that has just been mentioned

Will there be anyone else we know at the party besides Will and Janet?

Between

Big

Brush

Build

Centre

Central

Clean

Cleaner

Close

Comfortable

Comfortably

complain

prep if something is between two or more things, they are on either side of it:

• I was standing between my mother and father.

Syn: large, enormous, huge, spacious, vast

You can usually use big and large in the same situations, but it is more usual to talk about big cities and towns and large areas Syn: sweep, clean with brush

to brush one's clothes (shoes)

to brush one's teeth

• Shall I give your coat a brush?

(built, built)

built-in-furniture

1. middle point or part

2. place or group of buildings forming central point in district, etc.

a city centre BrE, down town AmE

shopping centre

the shopping centre of a town

adj forming the centre of smth especially of a country or town

• He comes originally from a small town in central Germany.

free from dirt; clear, not used

spotlessly clean

Don't confuse clean (not dirty) and tidy (=when everything is neatly arranged and is in the right place)

completely, simply, in a clean manner

to be clean - shaven

make or become clean

• She cleans the windows twice a week

to clean smth up/ clean up smth

to clean one's teeth

to clean behind/ under etc.

to spring - clean

Syn: to wipe, to dust, to polish; to brush, to scrub, to sweep; to vacuum or to hoover BrE

1. person or thing that cleans

2. tool, machine, substance, etc. for cleaning

send/ take a suit to the (dry) - cleaner's

a vacuum-cleaner

detergent, cleaner

toilet/ carpet/ oven etc. cleaner, disinfectant, bleach

1. situated at short distance or interval

• The house is close to the station.

2. having strong or immediate relation or connection

close relative

3. oppressively warm or humidity

close air, a close room. Syn: stuffy

v Syn: shut

• The shops are closed on Sunday

adj Feeling physically relaxed and satisfied

Syn: comfy (spoken), snug, in comfort

make oneself comfortable

get comfortable

Ant: uncomfortable; cramped; bumpy; rough

• It's very comfortable living in this house.

Feeling comfortable about chairs, places, clothes, etc.

Syn: cosy Br, cozy AmE, luxurious

comfortable to sit on/lie on/ wear

I'd like to change into some comfortable clothes.

You can sleep on the sofa, but it isn 't a comfortable as a bed. adv

• He's sitting comfortably in an armchair by

the window.

v express dissatisfaction: complain about/ of/ at/ that

• They have been complaining about the noise from the street.

• People complain that they don't gel enough information.

• Neighbours complained to the police about the dogs barking.

complain of- to say that you feel ill or have a pain in a part of your body.

Complaint

convenience

convenient

cost

cost

cosy

decorate

dirty

distance

distant

do

• Joe's been complaining of severe headaches recently.

n utterance of grievance; formal accusation; cause of dissatisfaction

• Our main complaint is the poor standard of service.

• If you get a complaint from one of you customers, you must report it to me.

make a complaint to smb. about smth.

• She made a complaint to the manager and demanded her money back.

n advantage, useful thing

modern convenience (= mod cons)

adj serving one's comfort of interests, suitable; available at a suitable time or place Ant: inconvenient

• I find it much more convenient to live near my place of work.

n the amount of money you must pay for services, activities, or things you need all the time like food and electricity

cost of

Many old people cannot afford the cost of heating their homes. high/ low cost

heating/ transportation, etc. costs the cost of living

v cost £ 20/ $ 30/ a lot etc.

cost a fortune (infml) (= cost a lot of money)

it costs £ 20/ $ 30/ a lot etc. to do smth!

Don't say 'it costs expensive’. Say It is expensive' or 'costs a lot' adj comfortable and warm

• I wish I was at home in a nice cosy bed.

• There was a cosy atmosphere in the bar.

v furnish with adornments; paint, paper, etc.,

room or house

• The Christmas tree was decorated with golden bells.

• These walls are looking dirty. I think it's it’s time to decorate.

adj soiled, unclean

• She was wearing dirty jeans and a stained yellow T-shirt.

n the amount of space between two places or things

short/ long distance

distance from

at a distance of 5 metres/ 2 miles etc.

some distance from/ a good distance away from

• Gareth's cottage is some distance from the road.

in the distance - in a place that is far away, but close enough to be seen or heard

That's Long Island 1 the distance from the road.

at/ from a distance - from a place that is not very close

to follow smb. from a distance

within walking/ driving distance of smth.

• There are two good Chinese restaurants within walking distance of my house.

within spitting distance of (infml) very near

to keep your distance

to keep smb. at a distance

• Ann likes to keep people at a distance.

adj 1. far from where you are now

• Nora gazed at the distant hills.

2. unfriendly

• After the quarrel Susan remained cold and distant.

3. not very closely related to you

a distant cousin

v I. Syn: perform, carry out, achieve, complete,

to do work, a course

2. Syn: grant, impart

to do smb. a favour, (no) harm, good

3. Syn: deal with, put in order

to do one's hair, the dishes, the washing, the hoovering, the ironing, the shopping, one's room

4. Syn: work at, be occupied with

to do English, chemistry, carpentry, a lot of reading

5. be suitable or acceptable, serve the purpose

• This money will do for the moment.

• That will do.

• / can't accept this quality of work. It just won't do.

to do well at school - study well Ant: to do badly

• / think I did pretty badly in the exam today

to do without (= manage without)

- to do one's best

• Don't worry about the examination. Just do your best.

Door

Doorbell

Doorstep

Downstairs

Downstairs

Face

Filthy

Fix

Floor

Front

Furnish

Furnished

Furnishings

Furniture

n a large flat object that you open and close at the entrance to a building, room, vehicle etc.

to open/ close/ shut/ slam the door

• Close the door behind you.

to knock on/ at the door

kitchen/ bathroom/ bedroom etc. door

front/ back/side door

revolving/ sliding/ swing doors

at the door

to answer the door

to show/ see smb. to the door

twp/ three doors down etc.

• The Rigbys live two doors down from us.

to be on the door (= to work at the entrance to a theatre, club etc. collecting tickets)

to ring the doorbell - to push the button a round handle that you turn to open a door

1. a step just outside a door to a house or building

2. on your doorstep - very near to where you live or are staying

Wow! You've got the beach right on your doorstep!

1. on a lower floor of a building, below where you are

I can hear someone moving around downstairs.

2. going down the stairs to a lower floor of a building.

• After drinking half a bottle of whisky he had fallen downstairs.

• / think it's in the downstairs cupboard.

v 1. to be opposite a person, building etc. so that you are pointing towards them, or to point in a particular direction

• Rita's apartment faces the school.

face north/ east etc.

• My bedroom faces south.

south-facing/ west-facing: a south-facing garden

2. be faced with stone/ concrete etc. (= to be covered in stone, concrete etc.)

adj extremely dirty

• It was undoubtedly the filthiest place she had ever seen.

v to repair smth., especially smth. that can be repaired easily and quickly

• There's a window broken at the back of the house. Could you fix it for me?

n one of the levels in a building

• Our office is on the top floor.

In AmE the bottom floor of a building (at ground level) is called the first floor. In BrE this is called the ground floor. The next level up is called the second floor in AmE and the first floor in BrE to go through the floor (= if a price, amount etc. goes through the floor, it becomes very low)

• In the past few years share prices have gone through the floor.

to wipe the floor with (= infml to defeat someone completely in a competition or argument)

n • A path leads from the back yard round to the

front of the house.

• At the front of the house there was a lawn.

v to put furniture and other things into a house or room .

• The apartment was furnished in Art Deco style.

furnish smth. with smth.

adj a furnished flat

n pl the furniture and other things in a room, such as curtains, baths

n large movable objects such as chairs, tables and

beds that you use in a room to make it comfortable to live or work in

• The small room was crammed with furniture.

a piece of furniture some furniture

Ground

High

Height

Hire

Hospitable

Home

Home

Homeless

Homely

n surface of the earth; especially as contrasted with air around it

• The ground was covered with snow.

the ground floor

adj Syn: lofty, tall Ant: low

1. smth that is high measures a long dist. from its bottom to its top

100 feet/ 30 metres etc. high

• How high is the Eiffel tower?

chest/ waist/ knee etc. high

• The grass was knee-high.

2. being a long way, or a longer way than usual, above the ground

a spacious room with a high ceiling

a high shelf

high in the sky

3. a high amount, number, or level is greater than normal

high rent/ price/ tax etc. at high speed

4. containing a lot of particular substance or quality

high in fat/ sugar/ salt etc.

5. very good

high quality/ standard/ calibre etc.

6. it is high time

• It's high time you got a job and settled down.

7. high life/ living (= the enjoyable life that rich people and fashionable people have the high life of a capital city)

n how tall someone is: smb's height

• State your age, height, and weight.

be the same/ right etc. height

• My daughter's already about the same height as I am.

v BrE to pay money to borrow smth for a period of hours or days

• He's hired a car.

adj friendly and generous reception and entertainment of guests or strangers

• / must write to thank them for their hospitality.

adj friendly to people who are visiting you in your home or in your country

• The Smiths are a hospitable family, always happy to have people to stay with them.

• n the house, apartment, or place where you live

• They have a comfortable home on the outskirts of the town.

at home

work from home BrE( - do your work at home instead of at a company)

make one's home somewhere

back home

be/ feel at home (in, with)

leave home

make yourself at home

make smb feel at home

Home sweet home.

> to or at the place where you live

• Is Sue home from work yet?

to go home

to get home

to return home

to drive home

adj connected with or belonging to your home or family

home address

home life

home bird BrE (= someone who prefers to stay at home rather than going to parties, travelling, etc.)

home body infml (= someone who enjoys being at home)

adj without a home

people who are homeless

Syn: tramp BrE, vagrant AmE

BrE simple and ordinary in a way that makes you feel comfortable

home-made

home-maker

home-sick

home-work

home-worker

Homing

House

In

install

• made at home and not bought from a shop

AmE a woman who works at home cleaning cooking etc. and does not have another job

> feeling unhappy because you are a long way from your home

> work that a student at school is asked to do at home

>someone who works from their home

homeworking

adj a bird or animal that has a homing instinct hi special ability that helps it find its way home over long distances

n building for human habitation; building for special purpose or for keeping animals or(opera-house, summer-house)

• Why don't you all come back to our house and we'll continue the party there.

house-warming party (= celebrating move to new home)

keep house (= provide for a household)

housekeeping (= management of household affairs, money allowed for this)

housewife (= woman managing a household)

housework (= regular work done in housekeeping)

prep 1. use this when you are not saying exactly where someone or something is within a particular area:

in the garden/ in the sky/ in the city/ in the lake/ in bed

2. use this with names of countries and towns: in Canada/ in London

3. in a container, room, building, or vehicle

• There were four people in the car.

be in/ stay in

4. into the place where you are or the place you] have just mentioned.

• Come in and sit down.

After throw, drop, jump and look it is more natural to use in as a preposition:

• My gloves are dirty - I dropped them in the mud

v AmE instal

Syn: put in, set up place, fix, (apparatus) in position for use install central heating

1. to have something and not need to give it back

• You can keep it. I don't need it.

2. to continue to have something and not lose it or get rid of it

• We're going to keep the house in Vermont and rent it out.

3. to continue to be in a particular state, condition, or place and not change or move keep warm/ safe/ dry etc.

keep left/ right (= stay to the left or right of a path or road as you move)

4. to make smb./ smth. not change/ move keep smb. warm/ safe etc.

keep smth clean/ open etc.

keep smb./ smth. doing smth.

keep smb. in suspense

keep on the right side of smb. not do anything to annoy them)

5. to do smth repeatedly

keep (on) doing smth.

6. to delay someone

• He should be here by now. What's keeping him?

7. to store smth.

keep smth. in (on) under etc.

• / always keep a first aid box in the car, in case we have an accident.

8. keep a record/ diary etc.

9. keep one's promise, word etc. 10.keep a secret

11.keep to yourself (= keep yourself to yourself BrE = to live a very quiet private life and not do many things that involve other people)

12.keep one's head (= to stay calm in a difficult situation or an emergency)

13.to own and look after animals

• We keep chickens and a couple of pigs.

14. to take care of someone, providing them with money, food etc. keep smb. in smth.

• There's enough money there to keep you in silk stockings for a year.

15.keep smb. (from harm)

16.keep in touch

keep one's eye on smb

keep fit

keep house

keep house

keep one's hand in (= to keep practising

something so you do not lose your skill)

17.keep quiet

keep away/ back

• How are you keeping?

Keeper

Keeping

Land

Landscape

Lay

Lazybones

Layer

Left

1. someone whose job is to look after a particular place

a lighthouse keeper

2. someone who cares for or protects animal

• The zoo keeper ordered the public away from the lion house.

in smb's keeping (= being looked after or guarded by someone)

in safe keeping (= being carefully guarded somewhere)

a small object/ something kept in memory of the giver

1. the solid dry part of the Earth's surface by land

• It's quicker by land than sea.

on land

• The crocodile lays its eggs on land.

2. ground, esp. when used for farming or building on fertile land

high land prices

3. a country

native land

• She returned at last to her native land.

4. the land - the countryside thought of as a place that is quiet and peaceful, or as a place where people grow food

• We want to leave London and get back to the land.

to live off the land - grow or catch all the food you need

land of milk and honey - an imaginary land where life is easy and pleasant

n an area of countryside or land, considered in terms of how attractive it is to look at

a desolate urban landscape

v to make a park, garden etc look attractive and interesting by planting trees and bushes, making different levels etc.

v 1. to put someone or smth down carefully into a flat position to lay smth in/ on/ under etc.

• Laying my coat carefully on the bed, I crept towards the door.

• Sharon laid her hand on my arm.

to lay bricks/ carpet/ concrete/ cables etc.

to put or fix bricks etc. in the correct place, esp. on the floor or ground

• The man's coming to lay the carpet on Saturday.

2. if a bird, insect etc. lays eggs, it produces them from its body

• The flies lay their eggs on decaying meat.

3. to risk an amount of money on the result of a race, sports game etc.

to lay £5/$ 10 etc on

4. to lay the blame on

• Then both sides start trying to lay the blame on each other.

to lay the table

BrE, infml a lazy person who avoids work, responsibility etc.

1. an amount of a substance that covers all of a surface layer of

• A thick layer of dust lay on the furniture.

2. one of several levels of substances lying on the top of another layer

a thin layer of coal

between two layers of rock

> opposite right

on the left/ right

on smb's left/ right

to the left/ right of smth.

Let

Live

Lodge

Lodgings

Make

Mess

Middle

Move

v to allow someone to see a room or building in return for money every week or month

let smth. to smb.

• I've let my spare room to a Japanese student.

To Let BrE/ For Let AmE (= words on a sign outside a building to show that it is empty and can be rental)

v 1. to have your home in a particular place

live in/ at/ with/ near etc.

• They have one daughter who still lives with them.

live at home (= live with your parents)

look for a place to live

live rough BrE (= have no home and sleep outdoors)

Use in before the name of a country or town:

• John lives in Canada/ in Toronto.

Use at before the exact address:

• John lives at 78 Clansy Street.

Don't confuse live (= live somewhere permanently) and stay (= live there for a short time)

• We stayed at a small hotel close to the beach.

Syn: grow up, settle

• Margaret was born in Manchester, but grew up in North Wales.

• We lived in Thailand, then Singapore, and finally settled in Hong Kong.

2. to live in the same house as someone else live with smb.

live together (= to live in the same house have a sexual relationship)

share a house/ apartment/ room with smb. AmE

a flatmate BrE

a roommate AmE

v provide with temporary accommodation, to pay rent to someone to live in a room in their house

• Rebecca lodged in an attic above the shop and came home at weekends.

take in a lodger

• They 've taken a lodger to get some extra cash.

n a house where you pay rent to the people who own it so that you can live in one of their rooms

• She's going to stay in lodgings until she finds a place of her own.

Syn: digs

1. construct, create, cause to exist, give rise to make furniture, a dress

to make difficulties, a noise, arrangements

2. prepare

to make tea, coffee, dinner, a cake

3. gain, acquire, obtain as result

to make money, a living, a profit

4. cause to be or become or seem to make smb. happy, know

5. serve for, be adequate as to make a good teacher

6. constitute, amount

• 2 and 2 make 4.

7. force smb. to do smth.

• I can't make the children behave.

n a situation in which a place looks very untidy or dirty, with things spread all around

• Clean up this mess!

• The house was an awful mess after the party.

make a mess

be in a mess

> at equal distance from extremities, middle point or position or part

in the middle of

• Here's a photo of all the family - that's Mario in the middle.

middle age (= middle part of normal life)

middle-aged (= of middle age)

middle-class (= social class between upper and low)

middle-sized (= of medium size)

1. to change your place or position, or to make something do this

• Don’t move or I'll shoot.

2. to go to live or work in a different placelo move to

• When are you moving to London?

to move into

• They've moved into a bigger office.

to move house/ home BrE (= go to live in a different house)

• My parents kept moving house because of

my dad's job.

neighbour BrE

neighbor AmE

neighbourhood

neighbouring

neighbourly

next

next to

Next door

Offer

On

Opinion

n someone who lives next to you or near you

next-door neighbour

• Our next-door neighbours are so noisy we can hardly sleep some nights.

n in the neighbourhood (of)

adj neighbouring country/ town/ house etc.

adj friendly and helpful towards your neighbours

• Since we moved in people have been very neighbourly.

adj 1. nearest in order or time, soonest come to .

• Which of the candidates shall we interview next?

• First of all you chop up two large onions. Next you fry them until they are golden brown.

the next day/ flight/ week/ train/ programme

• What time is the next flight to Miami?

• The next day I went back to Blackpool.

next week/ Thursday/ August, etc.

• Next week I'm going on a training course in Lancaster.

2. being or lying or living nearest (to)/ next to

• I parked my car next to yours.

• The hotel was next to the airport.

the next room/ house/ street, etc.

• The party is only in the next street, so we won't need to take the car.

prep closest to the side of another person, room or, building - use this especially when there are several people, rooms, buildings etc. in a line

• Next to the church was a park.

Syn. and phrases:

beside (see beside prep.) ,

by (= beside something)

• I'll meet you by the entrance.

along (= continuing or moving close to the side of a river, coast, border, etc.)

• Walk along the canal as far as the bridge.

at the side of (= next to a road or path)

• He left his motorcycle at the side of the road and started to walk.

side by side (= if two people are walking, sitting, lying side by side they are next to each other)

• We walked along slowly side by side.

>next door (= next to another building, house, office etc. or living in the house next to someone)

• The hotel's very noisy at night - there's a night club right next door.

the house/ office/ shop etc. next door

next door to smth.

next door neighbour BrE, next door neighbor AmE

v to say that you are willing to give someone something, or to hold something out to them so that they can take it

• They offered him a very good job but he turned it down.

on offer BrE (=for sale at a very cheap price for a short time)

be under offer BrE (=if a house that is for sale under offer, someone has offered money for it)

prep 1. on the beach/ coast/ shore/ island; on the first/ second etc. floor;

on a farm/ ranch

2. on the surface of something

• Neil Armstrong was the first man to walk on the moon.

on the wall/ ceiling/ door

on smb's body/ finger/ dress etc.

3. on top of

• There is the silver star on top of the Christmas tree.

4. after throw, drop, land and fall it is more natural to use on

• Put the books back on the shelf.

n belief based on grounds short of proof, what one thinks about something opinion on/ about

• We should listen to other people's opinion on the matter.

in my/ our opinion

• In my opinion he came along at just the right time.

Opposite

Opposite

Order

Order

Paint

Pay

Rent

Rent

prep/ in front of a building, thing or person, and on

adv the other side of a street or table from them

• His wife was sitting opposite me at dinner last night.

just/ right/ immediately opposite

Syn: facing smth. smb.

across (= on the opposite side of a road, river, border etc. from where you are)

• My friend lives across the road

adj opposite side/ end/ corner etc.

• / saw him walk past on the opposite side of the street.

n 1. state of regular arrangement and normal functioning

to be in order - Ant: to be out of order

• All the equipment is in order.

• I'll call a taxi, the phone's out of order.

2. arrangement of things relative to one another, sequence

• This programme shows the order of events of the day.

in order to do smth. (= a formal expression meaning to do smth.)

• In order to understand fully how film reacts to light, it is necessary to study the chemicals in the film.

in order not to do smth. (= a formal expression meaning in order to prevent smth. bad from happening)

• Tall people were obliged to bend down in order not to bang their heads on the low ceiling.

v put in order, regulate, arrange systematically; command; to supply; to serve

• The doctor ordered Jack to stay in bed for several days.

• Waiter, we ordered our meal half an hourago, where is it?

1. to put paint on a surface

• The ceiling needs painting.

paint smth. blue/ red/ green etc.

• We painted the door blue.

2. to make a picture, design etc. using paint

paint a picture/ portrait etc. paint in oils/ watercolours etc.

3. paint smth. with a broad brash (= to describe smth. without giving many details)

paint the town red infml (= to go out to bars, clubs etc, to enjoy yourself not be as black as you are painted)

the act of covering a wall, house etc. with paint

painting and decorating

>hand over money, to discharge debt, etc.

to pay smb.

to pay for smth.

to pay weekly, monthly, annually

to pay in advance

to pay cash/ in cash

to pay by cheque/ credit card

to pay a tax/ a bill/ the full price

• Our house will be paid for by this time next year.

• Where do I pay?

• She pays cash for everything and never borrows money.

• I need $10 to pay the window cleaner.

• The payment for use of equipment is $50 monthly.

n tenant's periodical payment to owner or landlord for use of land or premises

• The rent is not very high. I can afford it.

the money that someone pays for the use of a room, a house etc. that belongs to someone use

high/low rent

pay the rent

take or occupy or use at a rent

to rent from smb.

• You can rent a fax machine from the telephone company.

v to regularly pay money to live in a house or room that belongs to someone else, or to use something that belongs to someone else

rent smth. from smb.

• We rent our apartment from an old retired

couple.

put up the rent/ raise the rent/ raise rents

Rental

Rented

rent-free

Repair

Repair

Room

room

room and board

roomer

roommate

roof

sale

situated

size

adj rental car

rentals (houses for renting)

• Are there any summer rentals in this area?

adj rented accommodation/ housing/ apartment etc.

adj rent-free accommodation

v restore to good condition after damage or wear; set right or make amends for

• It's difficult to find anyone who knows how to repair a clock.

n restoring to sound condition

• The building was in desperate need of repair (= needed repairing)

n the part of the inside of a building that has its own walls, floor and ceiling: bathroom/ dining room/ meeting room etc single/ double room

2. enough space for a particular purpose

there's room in/

there's room for/

make room (for)/

leave room (for)/

take up room (= use a lot of space)

leg-room/ head-room (= space for your legs or head in a vehicle) there's not enough room to swing a cat (infml) (= used to say that there is very little space in a room)

one-roomed/ two-roomed etc. (= having one room, two rooms etc.)

v AmE room with smb. (= to share a room with someone at college)

room in (= to rent and live in a room somewhere)

n AmE a room to sleep in and food

• / pay $1 200 a quarter for room and board

n AmE someone who pays rent to live in a house

with its owner BrE lodger

n 1. someone who you share a room with, especially at college

• Ben and I were roommates at university.

2. AmE someone you share a room, apartment, or house with

• I hate the way my roommate never does the dishes.

BrE flatmate

1. the outside surface or structure on top of a building, vehicle, tent, etc.

• Our roof used to leak whenever it rained.

a roof over one's head (- somewhere to live)

• / may not have a job, but at least I've got a roof over my head.

under the same roof/ under one roof (= in the same building or home)

go through the roof (infml) = a) to suddenly become very angry; b) if a price, cost etc. goes through the roof, it increases to a very high level.

> for sale - available to be bought

• There was a "for sale" sign in the yard.

on sale - available to be bought in a shop

> be situated (= to be in a particular place or position)

beautifully/ conveniently/ pleasantly situated

• All the apartments are beautifully situated overlooking the beach.

1. how big or small something is

• The American states vary enormously in sizer and population.

be the size of (= be the same size as)

• Their apartment is half the size of ours.

in all/ different/ various shapes and sizes

They make these replacement windows in all shapes and sizes. full size (= the biggest size that something usually is)

• He's quite a big dog, but he's still not full size yet.

be a good/ fair/ nice size (= be fairly big)

• The garden's a pretty good size.

• It's a nice size bedroom.

• large-sized/ medium-size etc (= large in size etc.)

sizeable, sizable

Stay

Stay

Suburb

Switch

Switch

Tidy

Top

Under

Upstairs

> fairly large

Syn: large, big, great; considerable, massive, massy; spacious, mighty, towering; huge,immense, enormous, vast; monstrous, titanic, gigantic

Ant: little, small, minute, tiny

v 1. continue to be in the same place or condition, not depart or change

2. dwell temporarily (at or in)

• I can only stay a few minutes.

v to stay at home, in bed, in town to stay at (in) a hotel

to stay with smb.

• The children stayed with Grandma and Grandpa when I went into hospital for a week.

to stay away (= to be absent)

• He often stays away from school.

n action or period of staying

• I had a short stay there

n outlying district of city

in a suburb

• They bought a house in a quiet suburb of London, called Bromley.

> the parts of a city that are outside its centre

• Most of the people in my office live in the suburbs.

suburbs - outskirts (= the area around the edge of a town or city or just outside it)

on the outskirts

• There is a big factory on the outskirts of the city.

n device for making and breaking connection in electric circuit

v 1. Syn: turn (electrical device) on or off

• Can you switch the light on, please?

• Switch off the machine before cleaning it.

2. to change, especially suddenly, from one thing to another

• / used to play golf but I switched to tennis to get more exercise.

• He switched easily from English to French and German. neat, orderly, methodically arranged

Syn: neat

• Neither Kate nor Mike were particularly tidy, so their flat was in a permanent muddle.

to make a place tidy

• She tidied her room, made the bed and went down for breakfast.

tidy up (= to make something tidier in order to improve its appearance)

• Ann began to tidy up the house for her mother-in low's visit.

Syn: to arrange, put in order

n highest point or part, upper surface, highest rank, position

on top (= above, in superior position of smth.)

at the top of the page (hill, etc.) - oppos. -

at the bottom of the page

to be the top of the group

prep directly below something, or covered by it

• Write your name under your picture.

• I'm wearing a sweater under my coat.

If something is not directly under something else, use below.

• Jed and Jackie live in the apartment below us.

If something is hidden or covered by something else, or is morning directly under it, use under.

• The cat was hiding under the table.

Syn: underneath is often used instead of under

to slightly emphasize the idea of covering, touching, or hiding • I found your keys on the sofa, underneath a cushion.

beneath can also be used in all these ways, but is a little, old - fashioned or literary underground (adv, adj) - under the ground

• The prairie dog burrows underground.

• An underground passage leads from the castle to a secret cave.

1. on a higher floor of a building, above where you are

• The bathroom is upstairs.

2. going up the stairs to a higher level of a building

• They carried her upstairs to the bedroom

adj on a higher floor of a building, above where you are

• The burglars got in through an upstairs window.

View

Visit

Wallpaper

Wash

Wipe

n inspection by eye or mind, range of vision

• You get a beautiful view of the hills from here.

Syn: sight; panorama, scene

v to go and spend time with someone, especially in their home

• Paul visited her every day when she was in the hospital.

Syn: to go to see; to stop in/ to stop by; drop in/ drop by (spoken); come by AmE; call in/ call round BrE

n paper that you stick onto the walls of a room to decorate it

to hang wallpaper

to put wallpaper onto the walls

to change wallpaper

a roll of wallpaper

to put wallpaper onto the walls of a roon

v 1. to clean smth. using a lot of water, and often soap

Syn: clean, mop, scrub

to wash a car/ floor/ wall/ object

to scrub the floor/ table/ vegetables/ one's

to give smth a wash/ a clean/ a scrub

The oven needs a good clean = The oven needs to be cleaned well.

2. to wash clothes, esp. in a washing machine

• You ought to wash that sweater by hand.

Syn: dry-clean,

to do the washing BrE

do the laundry AmE

2. to wash the cups/ plates/ knives/ pans etc.

Syn: wash the dishes/ do the dishes/ do the washing up/

wash up BrE

Comp: to wash up AmE - to wash one's hands and face

4. wash with water but without soap

Syn: rinse/ rinse out a cup/ pan/ glass/soak, leave smth. to soak

1. to rub a surface with a cloth in order to remove dirt, liquid etc.

• / wiped the table with a damp cloth.

wipe one's eyes (= stop crying or remove tears from your face)

2. to clean smth. by rubbing it against a surface

• She wiped her hands on the back of her jeans.

3. BrE to dry plates, cup etc. that have been washed

• You wash, I'll wipe.

wipe down (= to completely clean a surface using a wet cloth) wipe out (= to destroy, remove, or get rid of . smth. completely)

wipe up (= to remove liquid from a surface using a cloth)

wipe out (= infinl. to make you feel extremely tired)

wipe the smile off smb.'s face (= infml to make someone less pleased or satisfied, especially because they are annoying you)