- •Анотація
- •Передмова
- •Investments in ukraine
- •I. Reading
- •Read and translate the text:
- •Investments in ukraine
- •Vocabulary list
- •II. Vocabulary exercises
- •III. Oral practice
- •Dialogue
- •1. Read the dialogue and act it out:
- •2. Read the dialogue, translate the Ukrainian remarks into English and act it out:
- •А) Read the text and name the facts from the text which are new to you.
- •Read the text and say what you know about the foreign investment in Ukraine: іnvestments in ukraine
- •Unit 2 foreign investment
- •I. Reading
- •1. Read and translate the text: Foreign investment in Ukraine
- •Vocabulary list
- •II. Vocabulary exercises
- •III. Oral practice
- •Dialogue
- •1. Read the dialogue and act it out:
- •2. Read the dialogue, translate the Ukrainian remarks into English and act it out:
- •2. Make up a dialogue on the following:
- •Communicative situations
- •A) Supply the prepositions where necessary.
- •А) Read the text and name the facts from the text which are new to you.
- •Investment legislation
- •Read the text and say what you know about the foreign investment in Ukraine:
- •Investment Registration Procedure
- •Unit 3 licensing
- •I. Reading
- •1. Read and translate the text: Licensing Principles
- •Vocabulary list
- •II. Vocabulary exercises
- •III. Oral practice
- •Dialogue
- •1. Read the dialogue and act it out:
- •2. Read the dialogue, translate the Ukrainian remarks into English and act it out:
- •Make up a dialogue on the following:
- •1. Round-table discussion. The question on the agenda is “Licensing principles in Ukraine”. Open such questions:
- •2. Say what you think about supervision over the licenses process.
- •A) Supply the prepositions where necessary.
- •А) Read the text and name the facts from the text which are new to you.
- •Licensing of Intellectual Property Rights
- •Read the text and say what you know about licenses: Licenses and the Law
- •Unit 4 franchising
- •I. Reading
- •1. Read and translate the text: Franchising
- •Vocabulary list
- •II. Vocabulary exercises
- •III. Oral practice
- •Read the dialogue and act it out:
- •Read the dialogue, translate the Ukrainian remarks into English and act it out:
- •3. Make up a dialogue on the following:
- •A) Supply the prepositions where necessary.
- •А) Read the text and name the facts from the text which are new to you.
- •International management
- •I. Reading
- •1. Read the text:
- •International management
- •Vocabulary list
- •II. Vocabulary exercises
- •1. Study the following definitions. Make sure you understand them and can reproduce from memory:
- •2. Mach the words with their definitions:
- •Complete the following sentences with the words from the box. There are three extra words that you do not need
- •4. Find English equivalents to the following Ukrainian phrases:
- •5. Find words in the text that are synonyms to the following:
- •7. Read the text carefully and decide whether these statements are true or false. Reason it out. Make use of the following phrases:
- •8. Explain the meaning of the following phrases:
- •9. Translate into English:
- •10. Write several paragraphs on the topics suggested using the vocabulary. Make use of the following expressions:
- •11. Answer the following questions:
- •III. Oral practice
- •1. Imagine you are socializing with a specialist in the field of the international management. Put the next questions. Listen to his answers and try to analyze your own options. Work in pairs.
- •2. Imagine you have come to a local company that is doing business on an international level. Interview them about the opportunities and problems. Work in pairs.
- •1. A) Read and translate the following text.
- •The emergence of the global economy
- •2. Write down a brief phrase or single word to mean the same as each of the following words.
- •3. Read the text carefully and decide whether these statements are true or false. Reason it out.
- •4. A) Read and translate the text.
- •Business ethics
- •5. A) Read the text and make a complex plan of it. Multinational corporations
- •Unit 6 risk management
- •1. Read the text: risk management
- •Vocabulary list
- •II. Vocabulary exercises
- •1. Mach the words with their definitions:
- •3. Fill in the blanks:
- •4. Complete the following sentences:
- •5. Find English equivalents to the following Ukrainian phrases:
- •6. Working with a partner, fill in the other forms of the words in the chart:
- •7. Find words in the text opposite in meaning to the following:
- •8. Translate into English:
- •10. Answer the following questions:
- •III. Oral practice
- •2. Prepare a short talk on the following:
- •1. A) Read the text carefully. Fill in the blanks with the prepositions where necessary.
- •Business risk
- •Vocabulary
- •3. Write several paragraphs on the topics suggested using the vocabulary. Make use of the following expressions:
- •1. A) Read the text carefully.
- •Credit risk
- •2. Read the text carefully once more and decide whether these statements are true or false. Reason it out. Make use of the following phrases:
- •1. Read the text. Say whether the statements following the text are the true (t) or false (f). Risk analysis
- •1. Read and translate the dialogue in pairs where the characters make comments about the particular situation. Note down the expressions in Italics. Be ready to use them in your own dialogues.
- •2. Read the dialogue, translate the Ukrainian remarks into English and act it out:
- •3.Working in a small group, discuss the following statements, paraphrase them and comment on them. What do they mean? How do you feel about them?
- •I. Reading
- •1. Practice the pronunciation of the following words:
- •2. Read and translate the text: leasing. Types of leases
- •Vocabularry list
- •1. Read the dialog and sum up the content: leasing in ukraine
- •Vocabulary list
- •2. Read the dialogue, translate the Ukrainian remarks into English and act it out:
- •3. Make up a dialog on the following:
- •Communicative situations
- •Prepare a short talk on the following:
- •IV. Read and discuss
- •1. A) Read and sum up the text in several sentences and present your summary in class.
- •Taxes, theirs , and leases
- •2. A) Read the text and discuss what you know about leases in the usa.
- •Leases in the usa
- •3. A) Read the text and discuss what you know about leases in Ukraine.
- •The Ukraine is about to adopt the Convention on International Financial Leasing
- •The need for leasing in the Ukraine
- •The purpose of the Convention on International Financial Leasing
- •The reasons for national and international leasing
- •4. A) In order to get prepared for participation in class discussion, write a summary of the text.
- •What types of commercial lease is being offered?
- •Unit 8 the insurance market
- •I. Reading
- •Read and translate the text:
- •Insurance and risks
- •Vocabulary list
- •II. Vocabulary exercises
- •The insurance market in ukraine
- •Vocabulary list
- •2. Read the dialogue, translate the Ukrainian remarks into English and act it out:
- •3. Make up a dialog on the following:
- •Communicative situations
- •The origins of insurance
- •A) Read and discuss the text.
- •Single out the main facts from the text end present them in short summary.
- •Say what is more important for the development and improvement of Ukraine’s insurance market. The development of ukraine’s insurance market
- •3. A) Write down three-five questions about the text.
- •Lloyd’s of london
- •4. А) Sum up the text in several sentences and present your summary in class.
- •Discuss the services provided by the liability insurance. Overview of the liability insurance policy
- •4. A) Read the text to find answers to the following questions:
- •Workers’ compensation insurance
- •Unit 9 taxation
- •What are taxes?
- •Іі. Vocabulary exercises
- •Column a
- •Tax system in Ukraine
- •A. Dialogue
- •1. Read and translate the dialogue in pairs: Taxation in Ukraine
- •Vocabulary:
- •2. Read the dialogue, translate the Ukrainian remarks into English and act it out:
- •B. Communicative situations
- •4. Make a short essay on the following:
- •A) Supply the articles where necessary.
- •A) Supply prepositions where necessary.
- •What Is an Excise Duty?
- •Open the brackets putting the verbs in the correct form: Tax Reform in Developing Countries
- •Read the text below carefully and underline the parts of it giving basic ideas about the desired features of a tax system. Tax System Design
- •I. Mark the correct answers on the following questions:
- •II.Fill the tables:
- •III. Match what statements are true and what are false. Results write to the table:
- •Phraseology of reports and speeches coherent and generalization phrases
- •Phrases that are used in admission expressions
- •Nouns: common and possessive case
- •Some common noncount nouns
- •Using nouns as modifiers
- •The indefenite aricle
- •The definite article
- •No article
- •Personal pronouns
- •Possessive pronouns
- •Reflexive pronouns
- •Indefinite pronouns
- •Quantitive pronouns
- •Demonstrative pronouns
- •Degrees of comparison of adectives and adverbs
- •Numerals
- •The functions of the verb «to be»
- •The functions of the verb «to have»
- •The functions of the verb «to do»
- •General questions
- •Tag questions
- •Question words when
- •More questions with how
- •Modal verbs can; could to be able to
- •May; might
- •Must; be to; have to; have got to
- •Should; ought to
- •Will; would
- •Indefinite pronoun «one»
- •The pronouns «both, either and neither»
- •Senquence of tenses
- •The infinitive
- •The prepositional infinitive complex
- •The objective infinitivecomplex
- •The subjective infinitive complex
- •The participle
- •Complexes with the participle the objective participle complex
- •The subjective participle complex
- •The gerund. Forms and functions
- •The gerundal complex
- •Conditional sentenses
- •Irregular verbs
- •Glossary
- •Reference list
Open the brackets putting the verbs in the correct form: Tax Reform in Developing Countries
In 1985, the government of Jamaica (to embark) on a comprehensive tax reform. This reform (to include) changes in the personal income tax, the company tax, and indirect taxes. The reforms of the personal income tax were particularly profound. A complicated, narrowly-based individual income tax levied under a progressive statutory rate (to replace) by a broadly-based single-rate tax in 1986. Before the reform, the highest marginal tax rate of 60 per cent ( including payroll taxes) was reached at the relatively low annual income level of less than three times per capita GDP. The provisions of the tax code were complicated, with no standard deduction and sixteen separate credits. In addition, employers could grant nontaxable allowances to employees. The resulting tax system was difficult and costly to administer and (to contain) important disincentives; evasion and avoidance all but negated the progressivity of the statutory rate structure.
Under the reformed system, the complex rate structure (to replace) with a single rate of 33 1/3 percent; the 16 tax credits were replaced with a standard deduction equal to two times per capita GDP; most non-taxable allowances (to incorporate) into the tax base; and interest income was included in the tax base. Initial results (to suggest) that the combination of a higher standard deduction, a broadened base, and a lower flat rate (to improve) administration, increased the progressivity of the tax system, and raised tax yields.
The government of Indonesia (to adopt) a major tax reform in late 1983. An important aspect of this reform was the wholesale elimination of tax incentives for investment. Before 1983, numerous incentives in the investment code (to design) to favor specific industries, promote exports, develop remote regions, promote technology transfers, strengthen the stock exchange, and even encourage firms to be audited by public accountants. The numerous, and often contradictory, tax incentives created a complicated system unable to fulfil its revenue function or to serve the special purposes originally intended. Further, such incentives (to create) effective tax rates that varied both between and within sectors and thus missallocated the capital stock. Tax reform (to eliminate) nearly all special tax incentives, allowing the company tax rate to be reduced.
The simplified incentive system was intended to minimize tax-induced intersectoral preferences, while the lowered company tax rate provided more uniform benefit to all investors.
Word you may need:
embark (on) – приступати до чогось
comprehensive – масштабний, всеохоплюючий
profound – глибокий
disincentive – негативний вплив
negate – зводити нанівець
statutory – той, що спирається на закон
incorporate – включати
tax yield – податковий прибуток
Read the text below carefully and underline the parts of it giving basic ideas about the desired features of a tax system. Tax System Design
Recent studies have singled out some of the desired features of the tax system that should emerge as countries develop. They are as follows:
Concentration of revenue sources. A system that raises revenue from a limited number of taxes and rates may substantially reduce administration and compliance costs. Avoidance of numerous taxes may also facilitate the assessment of the effects of policy changes and avoid an impression of excessive taxation.
Broad and objectively defined tax bases. A broad tax base with limited exemptions enables revenue to be raised with relatively low rates. Substantial erosion of the tax base through exemptions requires much higher rates to achieve a given amount of revenue. Tax bases should be defined so as to ensure that producers and consumers can clearly estimate their tax liability when they plan activities.
Minimization of collection lags. In an inflationary environment the real value of tax receipts may decline substantially when there are long legs in payments. High penalties are necessary to ensure that legal delays are not compounded by delinquency lags.
Tax neutrality. The tax system should finance government operations with the least cost and disturbance to the patterns of production, and the generation and use of income. Hence, neutrality of the tax system is considered desirable, in the sense that distortions in incentives should be limited unless there are compelling reasons to discourage the production, consumption or trade of a particular commodity. The activity, most profitable before tax, should remain most attractive after tax.
Words you may need:
administration costs – витрати, пов’язані із збиранням податків
compliance costs – витрати, пов’язані із забезпеченням дотримання податкового законодавства
tax liability – податкові зобов’язання
lag – запізнювання, розрив
penalty – штраф
compound – ускладнювати, збільшувати
delinquency – правопорушення
neutrality – нейтральність
disturbance – порушення
Tests