- •0501 "Економіка I підприємництво",
- •0502 "Менеджмент"
- •0501 "Економіка I підприємництво",
- •0502 "Менеджмент"
- •Vocabulary
- •Answer the following questions:
- •2.Form verbs and adjectives from the following nouns:
- •7.Match each term with its definition in the right-hand column:
- •8. Talk to your group-mates:
- •9. Comment on the following proverbs and sayings. Think over situations where you could use them.
- •Vocabulary
- •Form verbs and adjectives from the following nouns:
- •3.Find the corresponding synonyms in the right-hand column.
- •4.Match the verbs in column a with the nouns in b:
- •6.Match the words and phrases with the correct definition below:
- •7. Answer the following questions:
- •1. Form adjectives from the following nouns:
- •2. Give the English for:
- •4. Find suitable opposites to the following words and phrases:
- •5. Find the odd word.
- •7. These words frequently occur after ‘debt’.
- •8. Match the words and phrases with the correct definition below
- •9. Write the appropriate word or phrase in the following spaces. Translate the sentences into Ukrainian.
- •10. These words are often confused:
- •1. Form nouns and adjectives from the following verbs:
- •2. Give the English for:
- •3.Match words from list a with the words from list b that have a similar meaning:
- •4. Find suitable opposites to the following words and phrases:
- •7.. Match the words and phrases with their correct definition from the list below:
- •8. These words are often confused
- •9. Answer the following questions:
- •11. Comment on the following:
- •Vocabulary
- •1. Form adjectives from the following nouns:
- •2. Give the English for:
- •3.Match the words from list a with the words from list b that have the similar meaning:
- •5.Match the verbs in column a with the nouns in column b:
- •6.These words frequently occur before the word “market”.
- •8. Fill in the missing words which relate to business integration:
- •9. Write the appropriate word or phrase (below) in the following spaces. Translate the sentences into Ukrainian.
- •These words are often confused:
- •12. Answer the following questions:
- •13. Discuss:
- •14.Read the sentences with the following idioms. Translate them into Ukrainian.
- •Vocabulary
- •6.Match the words and phrases with their definition
- •6.Write the appropriate word or phrase in the following spaces. Translate the sentences into Ukrainian:
- •7. Fill in the gaps by choosing from the words below:
- •9. Study the following organizational chart which shows the different positions in a company:
- •10. Match each activity (1-8) with a department (a-h).
- •11. Answer the following questions:
- •Vocabulary
- •2. Give the English for:
- •3. Match the words from list a with the words from list b that have a similar meaning:
- •4. Match the nouns in the left-hand column with the verbs in the right-hand column.
- •5. The following sentences could be used to describe jobs. Find sentences:
- •6These words frequently occur after the word “job”.
- •7. Match the words and phrases with their correct definition:
- •8. Write the appropriate word or phrase in the following spaces. Translate the sentences into Ukrainian.
- •9. These words are often confused:
- •10. Answer the following questions:
- •1. Form verbs from the following nouns:
- •3 Match the words from list a with the words from list b that have a similar meaning.
- •4. Find suitable opposites to the following words and phrases:
- •5. Match the adjectivess in the left hand column with the nouns in the right hand column.
- •7. Write the appropriate word or phrase in the following spaces. Translate the sentences into Ukrainian.
- •8. Fill in the missing prepositions.
- •Answer the following questions.
- •Read the sentences with the following idioms. Translate them into Ukrainian.
- •Vocabulary
- •1. Form nouns from the following verbs:
- •7. Write the appropriate word or phrase in the following spaces. Translate the sentences into Ukrainian.
- •8. Fill in the missing prepositions:
- •11. Read the following job advertisements. What kind of jobs do they offer? What skills are essential to the jobs? What are the duties?
- •Internal auditor
- •12. Imagine that you are interested in applying for one of these 2 above-mentioned jobs. Write a letter to the employer in which you:
- •13. Read an example and write down your own cv/resume:
- •Interests
- •15. Discuss with your group-mates which is the best way to recruit staff. Talk about the advantages and disadvantages of each of the following as a way of selecting people:
- •16. "Work is by no means the most important thing in life." Do you agree with this statement?
- •18. Familiarize yourself with the following idioms. Consult your dictionary and translate the sentences into Ukrainian. Think of situations where you could use them:
- •19. Comment on the following:
- •Interviewing
- •4.Find suitable opposites to the following words and phrases:
- •5. Match the nouns in the left hand column with the verbs in the right hand column
- •6. Look at the words and phrases with the correct definition:
- •7. Write the appropriate word or phrase in the following spaces. Translate the sentences into Ukrainian.
- •8. Fill in the missing prepositions.
- •12. Describe a job that you would or would not like to have and explain what skills and type of personality are required for it.
- •13. Discuss with your group-mates which of the following factors would be important to consider while choosing a company to work for:
- •15. Read the joke:
- •Vocabulary
- •1. Form nouns from the following verbs:
- •3. Match the words from list a with the words from list b that have a similar meaning.
- •4. These words frequently occur after "pay":
- •6.Match the words with the correct definition :
- •7. Write the appropriate word or phrase in the following spaces. Translate the sentences into Ukrainian.
- •8. Fill in the missing prepositions
- •9. These words are often confused:
- •10. Consult a dictionary and say whether these expressions refer to earning a high or a low salary. Translate the sentences into Ukrainian.
- •11. Answer the following questions:
- •Vocabulary
- •2. Give the English for:
- •3. Match words from list a with words from list в that have a similar meaning:
- •5. Match the words with the correct definition.
- •6. Divide the words and word combinations in the box into two columns.
- •7. Write the appropriate word or phrase in the following spaces. Translate the sentences into Ukrainian.
- •8. Fill in the missing prepositions.
- •10. Discuss with your group-mates the possibility of taking early retirement. Which in your opinion is the best retirement age?
- •11. Do you think that a redundancy payment can compensate job loss? If you were a manager of a big company would you try to do your best not to make your employees redundant?
- •12. Study the following notice. Discuss with your group-mates the reasons which will force you to fire your employee.
- •13. Familiarize yourself with the following idioms. Consult your dictionary and translate the sentences into Ukrainian. Think of situations where you could use them.
- •14. Speak on the problem of unemployment and its effect on people.
- •Vocabulary
- •3. Give the English for:
- •5. Look at these words which are used to describe computer equipment. Match them with the correct definition .
- •6. Write the appropriate word or phrase in the following spaces. Translate the sentences into Ukrainian.
- •8. Answer the following questions:
- •6. Not many people who communicate simultaneously on the Internet can type very quickly. A number of abbreviations have been adopted to make life easier for
- •8. Answer the following questions:
- •9. Talk to your groupmate about the Internet. Discuss the following points:
- •Vocabulary
- •2. The following words can be used in more than one way. Underline the correct part of speech for each word as it is used in the text.
- •4. Match the words with the correct definition .
- •Identifier, supplier, message, e-mail, domain name, rapid ,e-mail address
- •5. Study the verbs which are used when talking about communicating by e-mail. Consult your dictionary and translate them into Ukrainian.
- •6. Write the appropriate word or phrase in the following spaces. Translate the sentences into Ukrainian.
- •7. Which of these means of communication do you use?
- •8. Answer the following questions:
- •Vocabulary
- •6. Fill in the missing prepositions:
- •7. Answer the following questions:
- •Introducing new information
- •1 Choose the alternative that means the same as the word(s) in italics.
- •2 A company employee does these things, a)-e). Match each thing to one of the five unspoken rules in paragraph 2.
- •2 Are these sentences true or false?
- •1 Match the words on the left with a word or phrase on the right that has a similar meaning.
- •2. Work with a partner. Talk about the predictions in the text. Use the phrases below.
- •3 What about your own life, country and work? Work with a partner. Make one prediction about each of the following and add some ideas of your own:
- •1 Answer these questions.
- •3 Complete the gaps in the text using the verbs in the past form. They are all regular past verbs.
- •2 Choose the correct alternatives in italics.
- •3 Choose the correct verb forms in italics to complete the text.
- •4. Match each sentence with the meaning expressed by its verb.
- •5 Correct the three sentences that use the wrong form of the verb.
- •6 Complete the text with verbs from the box. Use either the present simple or present continuous tense.
- •7 Make questions for these answers. All the information is in the text in exercise c.
- •8. Choose the correct variant.
- •9. Complete these sentences using the correct form (Present Simple or Present Continuous) of the verbs in brackets.
- •10 Correct the e sentences that use the wrong form of the verb.
- •11. Translate into English.
- •2. Complete the interviewer's questions with the words from the box.
- •3 Match the interviewee's responses to the interviewer's questions in exercise 2.
- •4 Complete the dialogues with could or was able to.
- •5 Match the personal qualities with the abilities on the right
- •6 Complete the sentences using either could or managed to.
- •7 Read these rules of an online book club. Then answer the questions.
- •8 Complete sentences 1 to 8 with suitable endings a) to h).
- •1 Talking about plans or arrangements
- •2 Talking about present intentions
- •3 Making predictions
- •4 Making promises or offers
- •5 Official calendars and schedules
- •1 Complete the sentences with the appropriate form of the verbs' brackets.
- •2 Complete the dialogue with the appropriate form of the verbs in brackets. More than one answer is possible in some cases.
- •3 Work with a partner. You both work in Singapore. Next Monday, some colleagues from Head Office are arriving. Discuss the plan below and decide who will do what.
- •4 Write an email to your colleagues at Head Office. Explain the plan and tell them who is going to pick them up.
- •5 Choose the correct variant.
- •1 Stating a general rule
- •2 Speculating about the future
- •3 If and unless
- •4 Promising and threatening
- •1 Match the sentence halves.
- •2 If I unless
- •3 Complete the sentences with the correct tenses.
- •4 Rread the Cooperative bank's policy statements.
- •5 Look at the payment terms below. Write sentences linking the possible actions and events with the future results. Use conditional1.
- •6 Complete the extracts from company brochures with the present simple or future form of the verbs in brackets.
- •7 Work in pairs. Look at the alternatives below. Describe the result of taking each action.
- •8 Think of some real situations where you have to decide between two or more possible actions. Talk about them with your partner using If... , I'll
- •Irregular adverbs
- •Irregular adjectives
- •1. Divide the adjectives in the box into groups according to how the comparative and the superlative are formed.
- •2. Complete these sentences, using the correct form (comparative or superlative) of the adjectives in brackets.
- •3 . Make up sentences using the present perfect and a superlative adjective.
- •1 Important firsts
- •Invent discover make patent give land
- •2 The Bell story
- •3 An annual report
- •1 Cross out the incorrect sentence in each pair.
- •3 Write the time expressions from the box under the correct heading.
- •4 Work in pairs. Ask and answer questions about the subjects below.
- •5 Read about Jeff Bezos and underline the correct verb forms.
- •7 Write questions for these answers about Amazon and Jeff Bezos.
- •8 Complete the sentences with the verbs in the Present Perfect.
- •9. Choose the correct variant:
- •10. Complete these sentences using the correct form (Past Simple or Present Perfect Simple) of the verbs in brackets.
- •11. True or false? Correct where necessary.
- •1 Passive verb forms
- •2 Focusing on the action
- •3 Focusing on information
- •4 Active or passive?
- •5 Describing a process
- •6 Change the following from active to passive.
- •7. Complete the sentences using the correct passive (simple) form of the verbs in brackets.
- •8. Translate into English:
- •9. Rewrite the sentences below using the correct form of the passive. Omit the agent if it isn't important.
- •Insurance companies see manual workers as high risk
7 Write questions for these answers about Amazon and Jeff Bezos.
a When did--------------------------
In 1986.
b Who --------------------------------
Bankers Trust Company.
c Where ------------------------------
In Seattle,
d How quickly -------------------------------
Incredibly fast,
e Who ------------------------
Financial analysts
f What ---------------------------------
Costs
g Who --------------------------
Other retailers,
h What ----------------------------
He was right.
8 Complete the sentences with the verbs in the Present Perfect.
move go open grow modify buy hear become change leave learn
a The share price --------------------------- up by $4.
b They ------------------------the factory from Oxford to Swindon.
c They ------------------------------ the computersystem and it doesn't work any longer.
d John -------------------------------- a new motorbike so I hope he doesn't have an accident with it.
e Siobhan -------------------------- jobs. She's a sales rep in Germany now.
f Jorge ------------------------------- the company. Idon't know where he works.
g The chain -------------------------- a new store in Lisbon. It's the first one there.
h We --------------------------- the news. This means we need to change the production schedule.
i Katherine --------------------------- Japanese.
j The company ---------------------------------and is now one of the largest in the world.
к Her business is a success and she --------------------------- extremely rich.
9. Choose the correct variant:
1. He published/has published a new book twice already.
2. I never was/have been to Italy, but I have gone/went to England last May.
3. I sent /have sent them an E-mail this week.
4. Did you register/Have you registered your ticket yet?
5. The plane from Paris has landed/landed an hour ago.
6. How many schools did you study/have you studied in?
7. The shop never made/has made any money.
8. Did it stop/Has it stopped snowing yet?
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9. He was/has been in his office since early morning.
1. Mary called/has called her employer yesterday.
11.I answered/have answered three letters so far.
12. She was/has been away on business since last Monday.
10. Complete these sentences using the correct form (Past Simple or Present Perfect Simple) of the verbs in brackets.
1. People (begin) to watch TV about 50 years ago.
2. I am looking for Tom. You (see) him?
3. I (see) him last week, but not today.
4. When I was a child, I never (eat) cheese.
5. He (organize) his sole proprietorship this year.
6. This morning 1 (take) a little walk.
7 We (be) to our main office since 7.30.
8. I (know) the owner of this company all my life.
9. The company (change) a lot lately.
10.It (not rain) here for weeks.
11. She (be) a regular investor in my business.
12. How long you (be) in your current job?
13. He (have) several jobs since he left our company.
11. True or false? Correct where necessary.
1. Your fax has arrived three days ago.
2. I haven't been to the office since Sunday.
3.Has anyone seen my car keys?
4.I have passed my driving test.
5. I already had four cups of coffee today, and it's only lunchtimc!
6. I have been to most countries of Africa but I never visited Congo.
7. He has passed his exams last May.
8. He was busy all this week.
9. There is a lot of work to do recently.
10. Computers have become very important lately.
11. Don't worry about the order from Sony. I already dealt with it.
12. Over the last year or so, shareholders of this company made a 50%
profit.
Ex.5. Translate into English:
1. Вона завжди давала мені багато корисних порад в 6iзнeci.
2. Ми не бачили його вже 2 роки.
3. Я щойно заплатив йому за цю роботу.
4. Я тільки що прочитав звіт наших napтнepiв.
5. Ви не одержали від нього жодного листа, чи не так?
6. Biн надіслав нам цi документи позавчора.
7. Невже він повідомив вам цю новину?
8. У мене був вільний час i я продивився ваш контракт.
9. Твоі друзі принесли тo6i багато квітів i подарунків.
10. Його стаття була надрукована в нашому журналi.
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11. Ми обговорили план співробітництва з цією фірмою дві години тому.
12. Вони iнвестували в мій бізнес велику кількістъ грошей.
Рassives
Form
We form the passive by using the appropriate tense of to be + a past participle:
Uranium is mined in Australia.
The company was set up in 1997.
A new extension is being built.
The company has been taken over.
It is also possible to use the passive with a modal verb:
The goods will be sent by rail.
The shipment may be delayed.
Tenders should be submitted in triplicate.
Helmets must be worn.
The subject of a passive verb corresponds to the object of an active verb:
Uses
1 Focusing on the action
We use a passive construction when we are not interested in who performs an action or it is not necessary to know:
The date was changed.
The missing file has been found.
He has been promoted to the post of Sales Director.
If we also want to mention who performs the action we can use a phrase beginning with by:
The decision was taken by the committee.
The missing file has been found by one of the cleaners.
2 Focusing on information
In a passive sentence, the grammatical subject receives the focus:
The visiting delegation was met by the president at the airport.
Here the visiting delegation, rather than the president, is the centre of interest.
3 Describing a process or procedure
We use the passive because we are more concerned with the process ittself than who carries it out. For example, here is a description of the wine-making process:
Wine is made from the fermented juice of grapes. Grapes are picked at optimum sugar / acidity levels. After picking, the grapes are taken to the winery, de-stemmed and crushed in a variety of presses. The juice is then clarified by settling or by centrifuge, yeast and sugar are added and the wine is left to ferment in tanks.
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4 Writing in a formal style
When writing in a formal style (e.g. reports, minutes of meetings) we often choose an impersona style by using the passive and beginning sentences with it
It was agreed to increase the share capital.
It was considered to be an unacceptable alternative.
It has now been decided to postpone the proposed construction.
Another common way of reporting what is said or thought is to use it + passive + rhat-clause
It was agreed that the share capital should be increased.
It was felt that some economies had to be made.
Other verbs used in this pattern include:
announce claim discover estimate expect know mention propose recommend suggest think understand
5 Reporting unconfirmed information
When the statement is speculative we use the passive of say, think, consider, believe followed by an infinitive. This structure is common in newspaper reporting:
The minister is said to be in favour of decreasing corporation tax.
The board is thought to be in favour of a merger.
He is considered to be the best chairman the company has ever had.
The terrorists are believed to want a new ceasefire.
EXERCICES