Модуль 3

СЛОЖНОЕ ПРЕДЛОЖЕНИЕ

THE COMPOUND AND COMPLEX SENTENCES

Сложносочинённое предложение

The Compound Sentence

простое повествовательное предложение (С+СК)

сочинительный1 , союз

простое повествовательное предложение (С+СК)

¹Иногда союз может отсутствовать. В таком случае между предложениями ставится точка с запятой.

The fastest desktop computers are called workstations, and they are used for scientific, engineering, or advanced business applications.

Millions of people are simultaneously using the Net; the most efficient route between a given source and destination can change from moment to moment.

Сочинительные союзы

простые	составные
and – и, a	as well as – так же как (и), а также
but – но, а, однако	not only … but (also) – не только … но (также) и
or – или, иначе	both … and – как … так и; и … и
so – поэтому, так что	either …or – или … или, либо … либо
yet – однако, тем не менее	neither … nor – ни … ни

Для соединения независимых предложений могут употребляться некоторые наречия:

moreover – кроме того, более того	then – затем, тогда
nevertheless – тем не менее, однако	otherwise - иначе, в противном случае
still – тем не менее, все же, однако	(or) else – иначе, в противном случае
besides – кроме того	therefore – поэтому, следовательно
furthermore – кроме того, более того, к тому же	thus – таким образом, итак
however – однако, тем не менее

I. Find the compound sentences. Give their Russian equivalents.

1. Facebook was not the first social networking website, but its introduction in 2004 was the most influential in the development of the medium. 2. Network interface cards can be built in or you can use plug-in adaptors. 3. Commercial users can communicate over the Internet with the rest of the world and can do it very cheaply. 4. Fixed-base transceivers, such as those used at police stations, can fit on a desktop, and hand-held transceivers have shrunk in size as well. 5. Pure or basic research aims to clarify scientific principles without a specific end product in view; applied research uses the findings of pure research in order to achieve a particular commercial objective. 6. We have been using plastic packaging for many years; however, next year we are moving to more environmentally-friendly materials. 7. Most television, radio, and voice communication, however, use the analog system and must be digitized.

II. Explain the role of the comma.

1. Thus, the receiver uses four satellites to compute latitude, longitude, altitude, and time. 2. Semipermanent information storage is also often used for archival purposes, but the media used can be overwritten. 3. With wireless communications people do not need to remain at a fixed location, such as a home or office, but instead can communicate with other people while traveling in a car or walking along a street. 4. The pulses were caused by contact between two metal surfaces, and receivers interpreted these electrical pulses as tones or beeps. 5. A typical LAN consists of two or more personal computers, printers, and high-capacity disk-storage devices called file servers. 6. The speed and power of supercomputers, the fastest class of computer, are almost beyond human comprehension, and their capabilities are continually being improved.