Lab 13.2: Setting NLS Parameters |
769 |
Lab 13.2: Setting NLS Parameters
In this lab, you will practice setting NLS parameters for the instance and for the session and observe how parameters are prioritized. Here are the general steps:
1.Show and modify instance NLS parameters.
2.Modify and observe the effects of setting session NLS variables.
3.Demonstrate NLS-parameter priorities.
Here’s an example:
1.Show and modify instance NLS parameters.
SQL> show parameter nls
NAME |
TYPE |
VALUE |
------------------------------------ |
----------- |
-------- |
nls_calendar |
string |
|
nls_comp |
string |
BINARY |
nls_currency |
string |
|
nls_date_format |
string |
|
nls_date_language |
string |
|
nls_dual_currency |
string |
|
nls_iso_currency |
string |
|
nls_language |
string |
AMERICAN |
nls_length_semantics |
string |
BYTE |
nls_nchar_conv_excp |
string |
FALSE |
nls_numeric_characters |
string |
|
nls_sort |
string |
|
nls_territory |
string |
AMERICA |
nls_time_format |
string |
|
nls_time_tz_format |
string |
|
nls_timestamp_format |
string |
|
nls_timestamp_tz_format |
string |
|
SQL> |
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Only nls_nchar_conv_excp and nls_lenght_semantics are dynamically system modifiable or instance modifiable. You can, however, modify the parameter with scope=spfile and restart the instance to take effect.
SQL> alter system set nls_date_format=’dd-mon-yyyy hh24:mi:ss’ scope=spfile;
/
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Appendix A n Lab Exercises |
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System altered. |
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SQL> shutdown immediate; |
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Database closed. |
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Database dismounted. |
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ORACLE instance shut down. |
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SQL> startup |
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ORACLE instance started. |
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Total System Global Area |
732352512 bytes |
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Fixed Size |
1335696 bytes |
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Variable Size |
444599920 bytes |
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Database Buffers |
281018368 bytes |
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Redo Buffers |
5398528 bytes |
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Database mounted. |
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Database opened. |
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SQL> show parameter nls |
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NAME |
|
TYPE |
VALUE |
------------------------------------ ----------- ---- |
|||
-------------------------- |
|
|
|
nls_calendar |
string |
|
|
nls_comp |
string |
BINARY |
|
nls_currency |
string |
|
|
nls_date_format |
string |
dd-mon-yyyy hh24:mi:ss |
|
nls_date_language |
string |
|
|
nls_dual_currency |
string |
|
|
nls_iso_currency |
string |
|
|
nls_language |
string |
AMERICAN |
|
nls_length_semantics |
string |
BYTE |
|
nls_nchar_conv_excp |
string |
FALSE |
|
nls_numeric_characters |
string |
|
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nls_sort |
string |
|
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nls_territory |
string |
AMERICA |
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nls_time_format |
string |
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nls_time_tz_format |
string |
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nls_timestamp_format |
string |
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nls_timestamp_tz_format |
string |
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SQL> |
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You can also observe the system NLS parameters by querying the NLS_INSTANCE_ PARAMETERS view.
Lab 13.2: Setting NLS Parameters |
771 |
2.Modify and observe the effects of setting session NLS variables. Query the NLS_SESSION_ PARAMETERS view to see your session parameter settings.
SQL> select * from nls_session_parameters SQL> /
PARAMETER |
VALUE |
------------------------------ |
---------------------------- |
NLS_LANGUAGE |
AMERICAN |
NLS_TERRITORY |
AMERICA |
NLS_CURRENCY |
$ |
NLS_ISO_CURRENCY |
AMERICA |
NLS_NUMERIC_CHARACTERS |
., |
NLS_CALENDAR |
GREGORIAN |
NLS_DATE_FORMAT |
DD-MON-RR |
NLS_DATE_LANGUAGE |
AMERICAN |
NLS_SORT |
BINARY |
NLS_TIME_FORMAT |
HH.MI.SSXFF AM |
NLS_TIMESTAMP_FORMAT |
DD-MON-RR HH.MI.SSXFF AM |
NLS_TIME_TZ_FORMAT |
HH.MI.SSXFF AM TZR |
NLS_TIMESTAMP_TZ_FORMAT |
DD-MON-RR HH.MI.SSXFF AM TZR |
NLS_DUAL_CURRENCY |
$ |
NLS_COMP |
BINARY |
NLS_LENGTH_SEMANTICS |
BYTE |
NLS_NCHAR_CONV_EXCP |
FALSE |
17 rows selected. |
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SQL> select sysdate from dual; |
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SYSDATE |
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--------- |
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23-NOV-08 |
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SQL>
Modify the session NLS_DATE_FORMAT, and query.
SQL> alter session set nls_date_format=’dd-mon-yyyy hh24:mi:ss’; Session altered.
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Appendix A n Lab Exercises |
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SQL> select * from nls_session_parameters; |
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PARAMETER |
VALUE |
|
------------------------------ |
---------------------------- |
|
NLS_LANGUAGE |
AMERICAN |
|
NLS_TERRITORY |
AMERICA |
|
NLS_CURRENCY |
$ |
|
NLS_ISO_CURRENCY |
AMERICA |
|
NLS_NUMERIC_CHARACTERS |
., |
|
NLS_CALENDAR |
GREGORIAN |
|
NLS_DATE_FORMAT |
dd-mon-yyyy hh24:mi:ss |
|
NLS_DATE_LANGUAGE |
AMERICAN |
|
NLS_SORT |
BINARY |
|
NLS_TIME_FORMAT |
HH.MI.SSXFF AM |
|
NLS_TIMESTAMP_FORMAT |
DD-MON-RR HH.MI.SSXFF AM |
|
NLS_TIME_TZ_FORMAT |
HH.MI.SSXFF AM TZR |
|
NLS_TIMESTAMP_TZ_FORMAT |
DD-MON-RR HH.MI.SSXFF AM TZR |
|
NLS_DUAL_CURRENCY |
$ |
|
NLS_COMP |
BINARY |
|
NLS_LENGTH_SEMANTICS |
BYTE |
|
NLS_NCHAR_CONV_EXCP |
FALSE |
|
17 rows selected.
SQL> select sysdate from dual;
SYSDATE
--------------------
23-nov-2008 00:11:38
SQL>
3.Demonstrate NLS-parameter priorities. Modify the session NLS_LANGUAGE, and query.
SQL> alter session set nls_language=’GERMAN’; Session altered.
SQL> select * from nls_session_parameters;
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Lab 13.2: Setting NLS Parameters |
773 |
PARAMETER |
VALUE |
|
------------------------------ |
---------------------------- |
|
NLS_LANGUAGE |
GERMAN |
|
NLS_TERRITORY |
AMERICA |
|
NLS_CURRENCY |
$ |
|
NLS_ISO_CURRENCY |
AMERICA |
|
NLS_NUMERIC_CHARACTERS |
., |
|
NLS_CALENDAR |
GREGORIAN |
|
NLS_DATE_FORMAT |
dd-mon-yyyy hh24:mi:ss |
|
NLS_DATE_LANGUAGE |
GERMAN |
|
NLS_SORT |
GERMAN |
|
NLS_TIME_FORMAT |
HH.MI.SSXFF AM |
|
NLS_TIMESTAMP_FORMAT |
DD-MON-RR HH.MI.SSXFF AM |
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NLS_TIME_TZ_FORMAT |
HH.MI.SSXFF AM TZR |
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NLS_TIMESTAMP_TZ_FORMAT |
DD-MON-RR HH.MI.SSXFF AM TZR |
|
NLS_DUAL_CURRENCY |
$ |
|
NLS_COMP |
BINARY |
|
NLS_LENGTH_SEMANTICS |
BYTE |
|
NLS_NCHAR_CONV_EXCP |
FALSE |
|
17 rows selected.
SQL>
Notice that when you set the NLS_LANGUAGE, the NLS_DATE_LANGUAGE and NLS_SORT also changed but the NLS_TERRITORY and NLS_ISO_CURRENCY did not. Now change the NLS_LANGUAGE back and observe.
SQL> alter session set nls_language=’AMERICAN’;
Session altered.
SQL> select * from nls_session_parameters;
PARAMETER |
VALUE |
------------------------------ |
---------------------------- |
NLS_LANGUAGE |
AMERICAN |
NLS_TERRITORY |
AMERICA |
NLS_CURRENCY |
$ |
NLS_ISO_CURRENCY |
AMERICA |
774 |
Appendix A n Lab Exercises |
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NLS_NUMERIC_CHARACTERS |
., |
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NLS_CALENDAR |
GREGORIAN |
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NLS_DATE_FORMAT |
dd-mon-yyyy hh24:mi:ss |
|
NLS_DATE_LANGUAGE |
AMERICAN |
|
NLS_SORT |
BINARY |
|
NLS_TIME_FORMAT |
HH.MI.SSXFF AM |
|
NLS_TIMESTAMP_FORMAT |
DD-MON-RR HH.MI.SSXFF AM |
|
NLS_TIME_TZ_FORMAT |
HH.MI.SSXFF AM TZR |
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NLS_TIMESTAMP_TZ_FORMAT |
DD-MON-RR HH.MI.SSXFF AM TZR |
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NLS_DUAL_CURRENCY |
$ |
|
NLS_COMP |
BINARY |
|
NLS_LENGTH_SEMANTICS |
BYTE |
|
NLS_NCHAR_CONV_EXCP |
FALSE |
|
17 rows selected.
SQL>
Note the NLS_LANGUAGE sets a default for NLS_DATE_LANGUAGE and NLS_SORT; however, you can modify NLS_DATE_LANGUAGE and NLS_SORT independently.
SQL> alter session set nls_sort=’GERMAN’;
Session altered.
SQL> select * from nls_session_parameters;
PARAMETER |
VALUE |
------------------------------ |
---------------------------- |
NLS_LANGUAGE |
AMERICAN |
NLS_TERRITORY |
AMERICA |
NLS_CURRENCY |
$ |
NLS_ISO_CURRENCY |
AMERICA |
NLS_NUMERIC_CHARACTERS |
., |
NLS_CALENDAR |
GREGORIAN |
NLS_DATE_FORMAT |
dd-mon-yyyy hh24:mi:ss |
NLS_DATE_LANGUAGE |
AMERICAN |
NLS_SORT |
GERMAN |
NLS_TIME_FORMAT |
HH.MI.SSXFF AM |
NLS_TIMESTAMP_FORMAT |
DD-MON-RR HH.MI.SSXFF AM |
NLS_TIME_TZ_FORMAT |
HH.MI.SSXFF AM TZR |
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Lab 13.2: Setting NLS Parameters |
775 |
NLS_TIMESTAMP_TZ_FORMAT |
DD-MON-RR HH.MI.SSXFF AM TZR |
|
NLS_DUAL_CURRENCY |
$ |
|
NLS_COMP |
BINARY |
|
NLS_LENGTH_SEMANTICS |
BYTE |
|
NLS_NCHAR_CONV_EXCP |
FALSE |
|
17 rows selected.
SQL>
If I now set the NLS_LANGUAGE to American, it will overlay the NLS_SORT value with
BINARY:
SQL> alter session set nls_language=’AMERICAN’;
Session altered.
SQL> select * from nls_session_parameters;
PARAMETER |
VALUE |
------------------------------ |
---------------------------- |
NLS_LANGUAGE |
AMERICAN |
NLS_TERRITORY |
AMERICA |
NLS_CURRENCY |
$ |
NLS_ISO_CURRENCY |
AMERICA |
NLS_NUMERIC_CHARACTERS |
., |
NLS_CALENDAR |
GREGORIAN |
NLS_DATE_FORMAT |
dd-mon-yyyy hh24:mi:ss |
NLS_DATE_LANGUAGE |
AMERICAN |
NLS_SORT |
BINARY |
NLS_TIME_FORMAT |
HH.MI.SSXFF AM |
NLS_TIMESTAMP_FORMAT |
DD-MON-RR HH.MI.SSXFF AM |
NLS_TIME_TZ_FORMAT |
HH.MI.SSXFF AM TZR |
NLS_TIMESTAMP_TZ_FORMAT |
DD-MON-RR HH.MI.SSXFF AM TZR |
NLS_DUAL_CURRENCY |
$ |
NLS_COMP |
BINARY |
NLS_LENGTH_SEMANTICS |
BYTE |
NLS_NCHAR_CONV_EXCP |
FALSE |
17 rows selected. |
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SQL> |
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