- •К б 947
- •Пояснительная записка
- •Словообразование
- •Noun suffixes
- •1.3 Form words using the suffix -ness. Translate into Russian.
- •1.13 Form words using the suffix -age. Translate into Russian.
- •1.29 Form nouns from the words by means of the suffixes -er, -or.
- •1.30 Complete the sentences.
- •1.31 Translate the following words into English, using the suffixes
- •1.50 Read the international words and fill in the table.
- •Adjective Suffixes
- •Суффиксы прилагательных, означающих качество, признак, выраженных основой
- •2.25 Complete each sentence with an adjective using the suffixes
- •2.26 Complete the sentences with the adjectives derived from the words in brackets.
- •2.27 Read international words and fill in the table.
- •Verb Suffixes
- •3.1 Paraphrase the following phrases using -ize (ise).
- •4.1 Translate the following sentences into Russian. Pay attention to the words in bold.
- •4.2 Form adverbs from the following adjectives by means of the suffix -ly. Translate into English.
- •4.7 Define part of speech of the words in bold. Translate the sentences.
- •4.8 Read the following sentences and define part of speech of the words in bold. Translate the sentences.
- •Prefixes
- •5.1 Form words by means of the prefix un-. Translate into English.
- •5.31 Complete each sentence with a word formed from the word in italics.
- •In- non- over- re- un- vice- trans-
- •5.32 Complete each sentence with the correct form of the word in capital letters. In some cases you will have to make a negative form by using the prefix in- or un-.
- •Сonversion
- •6.1 Define parts of speech of the underlined words. Translate the sentences.
- •6.2 Fill in the gaps.
- •Word-composition
- •Составные существительные (Compound Nouns)
- •7.1 Match the words to form compound nouns and translate them.
- •7.2 Fill in the gaps with the words given in the box.
- •7.3 State the difference in meaning of the given compounds.
- •7.4 Translate into Russian.
- •7.5 Match the words to form compound nouns and translate them.
- •7.7 Read and translate the sentences.
- •Составные прилагательные
- •7.11 Underline the most suitable compound word.
- •7.12 Complete the compound word in each sentence with a word from the box.
- •Compound verbs
- •8.3 Read and translate the sentences. Pay special attention to the stress of the words in bold.
- •Словообразование при помощи изменения корневой гласной или согласной
- •8.4 Memorize the following pairs of words.
- •8.5 Fill in the table. Mind the change in spelling.
- •Blending
- •8.6 Read the words and guess their meaning.
- •Additional exercises
- •9.1 Fill in the gaps with the suitable derivative of the word given in brackets.
- •9.2 Define the part of speech of the following words and translate them into Russian.
- •9.3 Define the part of speech of the following words and translate them into Russian.
- •9.4 Circle the appropriate form of the words to complete the sentence.
- •9.5 Choose the right variant in the following sentences.
- •9.6 Arrange the words according to the table and then fill in each gap with the suitable word.
- •9.7 Fill in the gaps with the suitable derivative of the word given in brackets.
- •9.8 Distribute the following words into nouns, adjectives and adverbs and then fill in each gap with the suitable word.
- •9.9 Fill in the gaps with the suitable derivative of the word given in brackets.
- •9.10 Give opposites of the following words:
- •9.11 Put in each space below a noun made from the adjective in brackets:
- •9.12 Define the part of speech of the following words and translate them into Russian.
- •9.13 Form adjectives from the following nouns, using the suffixes: -al, -ful, -ous, -у, -able, -ible, -ic, -less, -ish. Translate them into Russian.
- •9.14 Define the part of speech of the following words and translate them into Russian.
- •9.15 Complete each sentence with a word formed from a word in the box, ending as shown.
- •9.16 Fill in the gaps with the suitable derivative of the word given in brackets.
- •9.17 Define the part of speech of the following words and translate them into Russian.
- •9.21 Fill in the gaps with the suitable derivative of the word given in capitals.
- •9.22 Write down any word corresponding to the parts of speech given below. After you’ve done this task, fill in the gaps in the text on p. 84.
- •A (secret) letter from an admirer
- •9.21 Complete the box where possible.
- •9.22 Translate the following words.
- •9.23 Distribute the following words into nouns, adjectives, adverbs and verbs.
- •9.24 Choose the correct word for each sentence.
- •9.25 Make a negative form of the words by using the prefix or suffix.
- •9.32 Use the word given in capitals at the end of each line to form a word that fits in the space on the same line.
- •9.33 Use the word given in capitals at the end of each line to form a word that fits in the space on the same line.
- •Sound imitation (Звукоподражание)
- •8.4 Match the Russian words with their English equivalents.
- •3. Form new words with the help of suitable suffixes or prefixes.
- •4. Choose the correct word for each sentence.
- •3. Form new words with the help of suitable suffixes or prefixes.
- •4. Choose the correct word for each sentence.
- •1. For each of the questions choose the one correct answer.
- •Bibliography
- •Contents
- •Introduction 4
- •Подписано в печать г. Тираж зкз.
4.7 Define part of speech of the words in bold. Translate the sentences.
1. When steam is superheated, hardly a trace of decomposition occurs.
2. Benzine is a highly inflammable liquid.
3. The interest in ammonia centers largely in the use of liquefied ammonia for refrigeration.
4. Mercuric oxide readily decomposes at high temperature.
5. A new large plant has lately been constructed near Kiev.
6. The expedition is shortly leaving for the North Pole.
7. A hard steel bar can be easily magnetized.
8. This substance is hardly soluble in water.
9. The volume of a solid or a liquid body is nearly independent of external pressure.
10. Ether is a highly volatile liquid.
11. A number of new isotopes have lately been discovered by our scientists.
12. Short waves are widely used in radio-communication.
13. We use short radio waves largely for long-distance communication.
14. The velocity of the sound can be readily measured.
4.8 Read the following sentences and define part of speech of the words in bold. Translate the sentences.
1. I was preparing for my nightly session in the laboratory when Katie knocked at my door. 2. Her feeling for Stephen was no more than sisterly regard. 3. She complained loudly of having been kept waiting.
4. The airport gets an hourly weather report from meteorological stations. 5. The buses to London run hourly. 6. This periodical is published weekly. 7. Daily physical exercises do a lot of good to John.
8. Her weekly wage amounts to 10 pounds. 9. He made no attempt to hide the fact that he was ashamed of having a sickly son. 10. She looked after elderly parents, accepted the care of young children. 11. A slatternly woman, wiping her hands on her apron, opened the door. 12. He won the race easily. 13. He is such a scholarly man!
Unit 5
Prefixes
К наиболее употребительным префиксам английского языка относятся:
1. Префиксы, которые придают слову противоположное значение или обозначают противоположное действие:
un- |
to plug |
воткнуть в розетку |
to unplug |
вынуть из розетки |
dis- |
connect |
соединять |
disconnect |
разъединять |
counter- |
attack |
атака |
counterattack |
контратака |
anti- |
damage |
поломка |
anti-damage |
противоаварийный |
de- |
code |
кодировать |
decode |
раскодировать |
2. Префиксы, имеющие отрицательное значение:
un- |
kind believer |
добрый верующий |
unkind unbeliever |
недобрый неверующий |
in- |
divisible dependence |
делимый зависимость |
indivisible independence |
неделимый независимость |
im*- |
polite |
вежливый |
impolite |
невежливый |
ir- |
responsible |
ответственный |
irresponsible |
безответственный |
il- |
literate |
грамотный |
illiterate |
неграмотный |
mis- |
information |
информация |
misinformation |
дезинформация |
non- |
uniform |
однородный |
non-uniform |
неоднородный |
dis- |
advantage |
преимущество |
disadvantage |
недостаток |
*Приставка, которая начинается на «l» изменяется в зависимости от того, какая за ней стоит буква: il + l, ir + r, im + b, m, p.
E.g. loyalty – illoyalty;
relevant – irrelevant;
possible – impossible
3. Префиксы, имеющие значение “сверх”, “пере”, “чрезмерно”:
super- |
conductivity |
проводимость |
superconductivity |
сверхпроводи-мость |
over- |
rate |
оценивать |
overrate |
переоценивать |
ultra- |
sonic |
звуковой |
ultrasonic |
сверхзвуковой |
extra- |
ordinary |
обыкновенный |
extraordinary |
необычный, выдающийся |
4. Префикс со значением “снова”, “заново”, “вновь”, “пере”:
re- |
to make |
делать |
to remake |
переделывать |
5. Префиксы со значением “между”, “взаимно”:
inter- |
cellular |
клеточный |
intercellular |
межклеточный |
со- |
operate |
действовать |
cooperate |
взаимодействовать |
6. Префиксы, которые переводятся как
а) “перед”, “до”
рrе- |
war stellar |
военный звёздный |
pre-war prestellar |
довоенный дозвёздный |
б) “после”:
post- |
graduate |
выпускник |
postgraduate |
аспирант |
в) “недостаточно”, “недо-“ “под- “, “мало- “:
under- |
rate |
оценивать |
underrate |
недооценивать |
г) “под”:
sub- |
group |
группа |
subgroup |
подгруппа |
д) “экс”, “бывший”:
ex- |
president |
бывший |
ex-president |
бывший президент |
е) само-, авто-
auto- |
biography |
биография |
autobiography |
автобиография |
ж) полу-
semi- |
circle |
круг |
semicircle |
полукруг |
з) через-, транс-
trans- |
continental |
континентальный |
transcontinental |
трансконтинен- тальный |
и) двойной, два, дважды
bi- |
двойной, два, дважды |
lingual |
язычный |
bilingual |
двуязычный |
к) много-, мульти-, поли-
multi- |
digit |
разряд |
multidigit |
многоразрядный |
poly- |
axis |
ось |
poly-axis |
многоосный |
л) моно-, одно-
mono- |
atomic |
атомный |
monoatomic |
одноатомный |
м) очень маленький
micro- |
wave |
волновой |
microwave |
микроволновой |
н) ложный, псевдо-
pseudo- |
scientific |
научный |
pseudo-scientific |
псевдонаучный |
7. Префикс глагола, имеющий значение “делать”:
en- |
circle |
круг |
to encircle |
окружать |