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Файл:English for Law Enforcement Professionals (Английский язык для сотрудников правоохранительных органов). Ч.1. Учебное пособие
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15.21. Произнесите твердый / p / перед гласными переднего ряда.
Сначала произнесите твердый согласный и только потом – гласный:
pick / pɪk /
peach / piːtʃ /
pit / pɪt /
peace / piːs /
pencil / ˈpensəl /
peck / pek /
piano / piˈænəʊ /
pill / pɪl /
pitch / pɪtʃ /
15.22. Проговорите слова, оканчивающиеся на / b / и / p. Пом-
ните, что звук / b / становится более слабым, а / p / произносится с
частичным придыханием:
cub / kʌb / cup / kʌp /
lib / lɪb /lip / lɪp /
pub / pʌb / pup / pʌp /
robe / rəʊb / rope / rəʊp /
cab / kæb / cap / kæp /
rib / rɪb / rip / rɪp /
bub / bʌb / bump / bʌmp /
club / klʌb / clump / klʌmp /
tab / tæb / tap / tæp /
15.23. Произнесите:
A British builder built a building of brown bricks. A Bulgarian
builder built a building of black bricks.
A big black bug bit a big black bear, a big black bear bit a big black
bug.
Betty’s baby’s name is Barby. Betty’s Barby is a bad-bad boy. Baby
Barby is a badbad baby. Betty bought a bright blue blanket for her babyboy.
Pretty Polly Perkins has a pair of pretty plaits.
Peter Piper picked a peck of pickled pepper, a peck of pickled pepper
Peter Piper picked. If Peter Piper picked a peck of pickled pepper, where’s
the peck of pickled pepper Peter Piper picked?
Pablo Picasso put off his palette, paintbox and paintbrushes. And
painted with pen a picture of a peaceful place in Paris. With a pink palace
and a paled park plenty of pretty plants. What’s the possible picture’s
price?
211
15.24. Потренируйте правильную артикуляцию звука на сле-
дующих словах. Губы сжимайте сильнее и помните о позиционной
долготе звука:
mole / məʊl /
mart / mɑːt /
bloom / bluːm /
mad / mæd /
bump / bʌmp /
many / ˈmeni /
champ / tʃæmp /
much / mʌtʃ /
mud / mʌd /
mock / mɒk /
15.25. Отработайте произношение твердого согласного. Для
этого сначала произнесите твердый согласный, и только после этого
– гласный:
milk / mɪlk /
mickey / ˈmɪki /
meal / miːl /
mean / miːn /
me / miː /
meet / miːt /
miss / mɪs /
met / met /
melt / melt /
meddle / ˈmedl /
15.26. Проговорите правильно скороговорки:
The museum has many memorable monuments to the memory of
some remarkable members of the Moslem community.
God made the bees, and the bees make honey, Miller’s man does all
the work, but the miller makes the money.
A merry miller mills millet at midday. A morose miller mills millet
at midnight.
212
15.27. Измените форму слова по смыслу в соответствии с
предложениями:
1. There are many …………….. houses in this area. (FASHION)
2. George takes part in all ………………. at school. (COMPETE)
3. My sister is a very ………………………… girl. (ATTRACT)
4. She is the most …………………… person in the world! (CARE)
5. His business is ………………………… cars. (REPAIR)
6. Oh, it’s so ……………….. to take part in this race! (EXCITE)
7. I ……………… with you. He is not a lazy boy. (AGREE)
15.28. Измените форму слова по смыслу в соответствии с
предложениями:
8. I can’t stand visiting …………………… cities. (NOISE)
Словообразование
9. What is the ………………… between these men? (DIFFERENT)
10. You are right. This picture is …………………… (BEAUTY)
11. Taking a cold shower in the morning is very …………… (USE)
12. My grandmother …………………… living in the old house.
13. She wants to buy a new one. (LIKE)
14. The …………. gave me very interesting book. (LIBRARY)
15. The patient felt much better after proper …………….. (TREAT)
16. There is a ……… view from the deck of the ship (PICTURE)
15.29. Измените форму слова по смыслу в соответствии с
предложениями:
17. The weather today will be cold and ………………… (WIND)
18. Your blood ……………………………. Is high. You need to call
a doctor. (PRESS)
19. I’m against John’s …………………… (PROPOSE)
20. I’m ……………………….. that I’ve been given a chance to hear
this outstanding singer. (THANK)
21. We all listened to the ………….. with great interest. (SPEAK)
22. They ran home ……………….. because it was raining. (QUICK)
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23. Playing volleyball is a good ………… for young people. (AMUSE)
24. He is a ………………… driver. He drives a car badly. (CARE)
15.30. Измените форму слова по смыслу в соответствии с пред-
ложениями:
25. The food was completely …………………. because he was a bad
cook. (SAVOR)
26. Reading books is her …….. way of spending free time. (FAVOUR)
27. He likes swimming and going on ……………… (EXCURSE)
28. Never jump off a ……………………. train. (MOVE)
29. I hope you will take into …….. what I’ve told you. (CONSIDER)
30. This new book has got a lot of colorful ………… (ILLUSTRATE)
31. There are many …………………….. poems in this book. (FAME)
32. My …………………. were wrong. He failed the exam. (EXPECT)
15.31. Измените форму слова по смыслу в соответствии с пред-
ложениями:
33. He has got the best …………….. of different stamps. (COLLECT)
34. It is very ………… to buy things in the supermarket. (EXPENSE)
35. The day was really …………………… and we went for a walk to
the forest. (WONDER )
36. My father is a very …………………….. singer. (ORIGIN)
37. She speaks ……………………….. everywhere. (LOUD)
38. My best friend takes part in the world …………………………. He
is a great sportsman. (CHAMPION)
39. My sister is very ………………….. I can trust her. (RELY)
40. He was ………… to find right answer and got a bad mark. (ABLE)
15.32. Измените форму слова по смыслу в соответствии с
предложениями:
41. Thank you very much. I’m sure I’ll find it without any
……………………… (DIFFICULT)
42. There are a lot of ………………………. projects to protect the
environment. (GLOBE)
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43. Turn to the right and you’ll ………………….. see this beautiful
stature. (IMMEDIATE)
44. I’ve had some ……………. nights, so I feel exhausted. (SLEEP)
45. The …………………….. of the Zoo are wild animals. (INHABIT)
46. You’ve failed the exam. You should ……………… it. (WRITE)
47. The question was so …………………………… that he couldn’t
answer it. (DIFFICULTY)
48. I’ve been waiting for ……………………… to go abroad for two
weeks already. (PERMIT)
15.33. Измените форму слова по смыслу в соответствии с
предложениями:
49. He has ………………………. heard a scream. (SUDDEN)
50. Her ……………………… were about future trip. (THINK)
51. On checking up the answers John found out that he had made
some ……………… (TAKE)
52. I ……….. do morning exercise with my little brother. (USUAL)
53. Can you give me some more …… about this book? (INFORM)
54. My necklace has ……… I can’t find it anywhere. (APEAR)
55. British soldiers wounded in the ……. battles of the war.
(BLOOD)
56. I’ve been to the theatre with my mom …………. (RECENT)
57. Mrs Brown sat staring at the letter in …………… (BELIEVE)
58. George likes to drink coffee, ………. in the morning. (SPECIAL)
59. In spite of her parents’ ………, Kate became a nurse. (OBJECT)
60. He became a leader in the movement for national ……………..
(DEPEND)
61. My parents will be ………. by me if I fail the exam. (APPOINT)
62. Most people have no real ………. In ghosts. (BELIEVE)
63. My younger sister likes to read ……… stories. (HUMOUR)
64. I can help you with the …….. of this letter. (TRANSLATE)
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16.1. Повторите слова за преподавателем. Обратите внимание
-fy; -ify
to intensify
to falsify
to classify
to identify
to qualify
-ize; -ise
to characterize
to emphasize
to exercise
to organize
to monopolize
-ate; -ute
to communicate
to illustrate
to demonstrate
to indicate
to populate
to constitute
to contribute
to enumerate
-en
to strengthen
to shorten
to widen
-sure, -zure
pleasure
leisure
treasure
measure
seizure
-ture
culture
picture
literature
departure
furniture
structure
nature
-ness
weakness
sickness
seriousness
happiness
openness
readiness
-ty (-ity)
quantity
quality
activity
disability
productivity
safety
на суффиксы:
Тема 16. Судебная система США
Cловообразование
16.2. Повторите за преподавателем следующие существитель-
ные. Обратите внимание на суффиксы:
216
fearlessness
helplessness
responsibility
possibility
16.3. Прочитайте следующие прилагательные. Обратите вни-
-able (-ible)
honourable
valuable
reasonable
possible
changeable
acceptable
-less
homeless
aimless
hopeless
useless
fruitless
helpless
-ous
dangerous
famous
glorious
courageous
-ic
basic
democratic
economic
historic
heroic
patriotic
a) to in 'crease
to export
to insult
to con'duct
to con'vict
'increase
'export
'insult
'conduct
'convict
мание на суффиксы:
16.4. Определите, какой частью речи являются представленные
слова. Переведите их на русский язык:
To administer – administration – administrative – administrator
to protect – protection – protectionist
to govern – government – governmental – governor
to supervise – supervisory – supervision – supervisor
to direct – directive – directness – directly – direction
tо represent – representative – representation
to legislate – legislator – legislative – legislation
to execute – executor – executive – execution.
16.5. Прочитайте глаголы и соответствующие существитель-
ные. Обратите внимание на форму словообразования, переведите:
217
to guaran'tee
b) to excuse
to use
to advise
to live
to prove
to lose
to choose
to believe
to shoot
to sing
'guarantee
excuse
use
advice
life
proof
loss
choice
belief
shot
song
16.6. Прочитайте слова, oбращая внимание на произношение.
Проверьте значения слов по словарю:
lawful, guarantee, judicial, citizen, court, monarchy, hereditary, par-
liament, power, politician, majority, statutory, authority, influence, agreement, government, execution, observance, supervision, appointment.
16.7. Прочитайте и переведите интернациональные слова:
administration, committee, policy, apparatus, social, absolute, direc-
tion, nationalize, minister, cabinet, ambassador, civil, nation, congress,
senate, bill, resolution, representation, secretary, association, justice, service, electoral, protector, assembly, meeting, political, type, president, control, jurisdiction, referendum, population.
218
Perfect Continuous Tenses
Утвердительная форма
Отрицательная форма
Вопросительная форма
I have been working. – Я
работаю
I haven't been working. – Я
не работаю
Have I been working? – Я
не работаю?
You have been working. –
Ты (Вы) работаешь (работаете)
You haven't been working.
– Ты (Вы) не работаешь
(работаете)
Have you been working? –
Ты (Вы) работаешь (работаете)?
He, she, it has been working. – Он / она / оно / это
работает
He hasn't been working. –
Он / она / оно / это не работает
Has she been working? –
Он / она / оно / это работает?
We have been working. –
Мы работаем
We haven't been working. –
Мы не работаем
Have we been working? –
Мы работаем?
They have been working. –
Они работают
They haven't been working.
– Они не работают
Have they been working? –
Они работают?
Утвердительная форма
Отрицательная форма
Вопросительная форма
I had been working. – Я
работаю
I hadn't been working. – Я
не работаю
Had I been working? – Я не
работаю?
You had been working. –
Ты (Вы) работаешь (работаете)
You hadn't been working. –
Ты (Вы) не работаешь
(работаете)
Had you been working? –
Ты (Вы) работаешь (работаете)?
He, she, it had been working. – Он / она / оно / это
работает
He hadn't been working. –
Он / она / оно / это не работает
Had she been working? –
Он / она / оно / это работает?
We had been working. –
We hadn't been working. –
Had we been working? –
Совершенное продолженное время
have been + Participle I
Времена группы Perfect Continuous образуются при помощи вспомога-
тельного глагола to be в соответствующей форме Present, Past или Future
Perfect и Participle I смыслового глагола.
Present Perfect Continuous
Past Perfect Continuous
219
Утвердительная форма
Отрицательная форма
Вопросительная форма
Мы работаем
Мы не работаем
Мы работаем?
They had been working. –
Они работают
They hadn't been working.
– Они не работают
Had they been working? –
Они работают?
Утвердительная форма
Отрицательная форма
Вопросительная форма
I shall have been working. –
Я работаю
I shall not have been working. – Я не работаю
Shall I have been working?
– Я не работаю?
You will have been working.
– Ты (Вы) работаешь (работаете)
You haven't been working.
– Ты (Вы) не работаешь
(работаете)
Have you been working? –
Ты (Вы) работаешь (работаете)?
He, she, it will has been
working. – Он / она / оно /
это работает
He hasn't been working. –
Он / она / оно / это не работает
Has she been working? –
Он / она / оно / это работает?
We shall have been working. – Мы работаем
We shall been working. –
Мы не работаем
Have we been working? –
Мы работаем?
They will have been working.
– Они работают
They haven't been working.
– Они не работают
Have they been working? –
Они работают?
Future Perfect Continuous
Времена группы Perfect Continuous употребляются для выражения дей-
ствия, которое началось до определенного момента в настоящем, прошедшем или будущем и продолжалось вплоть до этого момента. The Present Perfect Continuous Tense употребляется с такими обозначениями времени, как
for an hour (на час), for a month (на месяц), for a long time (в течение долгого времени), all day (весь день), lately (давно), since yesterday (со вчерашнего дня), since 6 o' clock (с шести часов) и т.д., а также в вопросах, начинающихся с how long? (как долго?), since when? (с каких пор?).
Например:
It is raining now. It began to rain two hours ago and it is still raining. It
has been raining for two hours. – Сейчас идет дождь. Дождь начался два ча-
са назад и идет до сих пор. Дождь идет уже два часа.
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