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Файл:English for Innovatics. Часть 1. Учебное пособие
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МИНИСТЕРСТВО ТРАНСПОРТА РОССИЙСКОЙ
ФЕДЕРАЦИИ
Федеральное государственное автономное
образовательное учреждение высшего образования
«РОССИЙСКИЙ УНИВЕРСИТЕТ ТРАНСПОРТА»
______________________________________
Кафедра «Иностранные языки – 4» ИТТСУ
Л.А. Лашина
English for Innovatics
Часть 1
Учебное пособие
для студентов направлений «Инноватика»,
«Менеджмент»
МОСКВА – 2020
УДК 42
Л 32
Лашина Л.А. English for Innovatics. Часть 1: Учебное пособие. – М.: РУТ
(МИИТ), 2020. – 140 с
Учебное пособие «English for Innovatics» является переработанной и
дополненной версией этого пособия, изданного в 2014 году, демонстрирует
концептуальный подход к предмету и состоит из трех частей. Первая и вторая
части составлена из двух модулей, а третья часть посвящена пятому семестру и
включает в себя один модуль и набор текстов для самостоятельной работы
студентов. Это соответствует пяти семестрам обучения английскому языку
согласно рабочей программе третьего поколения для специальности «
Инноватика». В каждом модуле три урока и в каждом уроке несколько текстов
разного уровня сложности.
Тематика текстов охватывает наиболее инновационные области науки и
техники. В каждом уроке имеется глоссарий, а также лексические и
грамматические упражнения, которые помогут студентам быстрее усваивать новую
лексику и терминологию за счет ее хорошей повторяемости.
Работа целиком составлена на основе новейших оригинальных статей по
инноватике.
Рецензенты: ст. преподаватель кафедры «Лингвистика» РУТ ИЭФ
Н.И.Львова ;
КФН, доцент Е.В. Ковш кафедры индоевропейских и восточных языков
лингвистического факультета ИЛиМГОУ
© РУТ (МИИТ), 2020
Introduction
Module1
Lesson1
A. Innovations 5
B. Rails in Great Britain and the USA 13
С. Developing innovations in Russia 21
Lesson 2
А.Innovation in Canada 25
B. Hydrogen-powered trains are coming to Germany 28
C. Adapting formula one 1 technology to aid the rail sector 32
Lesson 3
А. Maglev Trains
В. High-Speed Trains May Be Coming to California
34
39
С. Hyper Loop
Module 2
Lesson 1
А. Improving the efficiency of rail transport in Russia
В. 4 innovations that changed history
C. Big Technology Innovations of 2019
3
44
52
56
60
Lesson 2
A. Platform iPhone and iOServices 66
B. Generation HDD 68
C. The Present and Future of 3D 72
Lesson 3
A. Artificial intelligence 75
B. Crystallizing the switch to Hydrogen 77
C. Graphene's shining light could lead to super-fast Internet
Texts for improving convesational skills
83
1. About myself
2. My speciality
3. RUT
4. History of Russion Railways
5. History of PC
6. Automation
7. Ecology
8. Rail transport in Great Britain
9. London underground
10. Moscow Metro
11. Moscow railway stations
Literature 139
on railways
4
119
87
92
99
104
117
122
126
128
135
136
Introduction
Данное учебное пособие предназначено для
направлений «Инноватика», «Менеджмент» и для некоторых
других инженерных специальностей. Оно целиком базируется
на хорошо зарекомендовавших себя учебных изданиях,
многократно апробированных в учебном процессе. Работа
организована по возрастанию степени сложности заданий.
Лашина Л.А. глубоко благодарна заведующей кафедрой
«Иностранные языки-4», Сачковой Елене Владимировне за
идею создания этого сборника и то вдохновение, которое
передалось мне в процессе работы.
Автор получила неоценимую помощь при подготовке
рукописи к печати и созданию электронной версии книги и
очень благодарна за это студентам ИТТСУ и кафедры
«Инноватика»: Агафоничевой А., Авдееву Д., Арутюняну Д.,
Антоновой Е.., Ситдекову И., Шаровой К.
5
Module 1
Lesson1
Text А
1. Innovations
Innovation is the development of new values through solutions that
meet new requirements, inarticulate needs, or old customer and
market needs.
This is accomplished through more effective products, processes,
services, technologies, or ideas that are readily available to
markets, governments, and society.
Innovation differs from invention in that innovation refers to the
use of a better and, as a result, novel idea or method, whereas
invention refers more directly to the creation of the idea or method
itself.
Innovation differs from improvement in that innovation refers to
the notion of doing something different rather than doing the same
thing better.
Innovative management is connected both with techniques
and technology as well as with economics, especially with
management. It deals with searching for new technologies,
discoveries; bringing them to the modern market, management of
6
this process and replacing outdated gadgets, tools, technologies by
the modern, the most innovative ones and ensuring their effective
application.
2. Innovations and inventions
1. Innovation is a term in economics. It should not be
confused with invention which is generally associated with
technology. Innovation is using invention for the benefit of
the customer. Invention is born in the laboratory, while
innovation takes place in the business enterprise and the
market. The invention of the steam engine was a
technological achievement but the building up a system of
railways was an innovation.
2. Innovations can be classified into technical and social.
Adoption of new types of machines and processes are
technical innovations. New methods of marketing, changes
in price policy and new methods of management are social
ones.
3. Innovative business includes such activities as:
1. Introduction of new technology
2. Development of new products or radical change in
existing ones
7
3. Exploration of new markets
4. Using new types of raw materials, for example, plastic
in place of glass
5. New methods of production, for example, automatic
machines
6. New methods of management, for example,
management by objectives (целевое управление)
7. New methods of marketing
Point out which of the paragraphs (1,2,3) contains the
following information:
Innovation may be of two types.
Determine if the statement is true, false or not mentioned in the
text
Innovation is made in laboratory; steam engine is a good example
of it.
Answer the question:
How can innovations be classified?
1. They man include new methods of marketing, management
and changes in price policy.
2. They may include new types of machines.
3. They may be social and technical.
8
4. They may be classified into four categories.
Is there any difference between innovation and invention?
Варианты ответов:
1. Да.
2. Нет.
3. Нет информации в тексте.
Choose the information in the text and insert it into this
sentence:
New methods of production, management and marketing…… are
innovative activities.
Варианты ответов:
1. New technology, development of new products, exploration
of new markets
2. New types of raw materials, exploration of new markets
3. New technology, development of new products, new types
of raw materials, exploration of new markets
Answer the questions:
1) What is required for the development of innovation?
2) How is it usually accomplished?
9
3) What’s the difference between invention and innovation and
between improvement and innovation?
4) Where was the innovative management primarily applied? In
what fields of study and production?
What is it connected with?
What does it deal with?
What does it replace ?
3. Innovation management in transport
The modern economy has such huge transport needs that
traditional investment in production factors does not
guarantee their satisfactory coverage. Already today we
reach the limits of traffic intensity. Therefore, it seems
necessary to popularize new technologies that allow for the
change of traffic organization in a limited economic space.
Analyzing innovation in the organization should pay
attention to the issue of knowledge management and
technology. The development of new products, the
rebuilding of the production process, the creation of new
ideas and marketing depend on them. The managers and
entrepreneurs, their ambition, creativity, dynamics and
leadership style have a significant influence on innovation.
Modern organization management is associated with skills
and flexibility and adaptation of management qualifications
to the changing market expectations. An important factor of
competitiveness is the possibility of a dynamic response to
changes in the micro and macroeconomic processes.
Skillful introduction and use of innovative information
10
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