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Файл:Английский язык без репетитора секреты успешной подготовки к тестированию
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14. … his poor exam results, Tom couldn’t secure a place at university.
a. Because of b. For c. In spite of d. Because
15. Some people add cream and sugar in their coffee, … others prefer it
black.
a. moreover b. while c. therefore d. otherwise
16. More and more people now live much longer … the progress in
medicine over the past 100 years.
a. in spite of b. because c. due to d. despite
17. The passengers must stay in their seats … the pilot turns off the seat
belt sign.
a. unless b. except c. instead d. until
18. Google Assistant can stay ‘on hold’ … you don’t waste time on call
waiting.
a. so that b. even so c. as d. so as
19. … had the first book in the Harry Potter series been published … it
topped the best-seller list.
a. Hardly; than c. No sooner; than
b. Not only; but also d. As long as; so
20. Tourists are allowed to stay in the country for three months … they’ve
got enough money to live on without taking a job.
a. whereas b. provided that c. even though d. therefore
2. Прочитайте предложения. В некоторых из них содержатся
ошибки. Найдите и исправьте их:
1. The fans were kept apart so as trouble could be avoided.
2. Despite of the fact that I live very close to work, I prefer to drive
there.
3. You talk as if you are doing me a favour by asking me out.
4. Let’s buy the tickets in advance if there aren’t any left at the end of
the week.
5. He managed to avoid serious injury due of his decision to give up
professional sport.
6. The clouds looked though they were coming up from the earth to the
sky.
7. You can get compensated when your flight was cancelled for bad
weather.
8. I’ve made some sandwiches in order we can have a snack on
the way.
9. Even so Annie tried to break the world record several times, she only
came close once.
10. Avoid playing music so loud that your neighbours can hear it.
171
11. Don’t forget to arrange health insurance in the case you need treat-
ment while you’re abroad.
1
2. I’m happy that English isn’t my first language because otherwise I
would have missed the opportunity to learn the finest language in the
world.
13. If you feel unwell, you should take time off work in order that to
recover.
14. It is good to brush your teeth after you have a meal, but unless you
can’t, chewing sugarless gum is an alternative.
15. The airline only allows 20 kilos of baggage per person, so you should
pack your bags carefully so as to not exceed the limit.
16. Her 14-year old son has startling intelligence, despite he wastes
plenty of time playing computer games.
17. Even if you have lots of money, but are in debt, your situation won’t
change until you learn to live within your means.
18. Roland won’t get the job so he doesn’t have enough qualifications.
And besides, he can’t speak any foreign language.
19. In addition your password, you enter a One Time Pin (OTP) that’s
unique for each login. Thus, these two factors give you stronger account security.
20. Since stress is the opposite of sleep, there is no use in going to bed
if the brain is still wound up due to working late or because of a late
night’s exercise.
3. Заполните пропуски в каждом тексте только одним словом,
подходящим по смыслу:
А.
It was winter morning, (1) … I woke up and saw that everything was
covered in snow. I was (2) … excited that, (3) … the cold weather, I decided to go sledding. “Take your gloves with you in (4) … your hands get
cold”, Mum warned me. And Daddy added, “Don’t wear a scarf, (5) …
it can get caught in the sled”. I put on my warmest clothes in (6) … not
to upset my parents and ran outside.
В.
(1) … the fact that I especially liked art classes at school, I chose
to study chemistry at university so (2) … to make a career in science.
I did not (3) … succeed in my studies, but I (4) … found a job in a pharmaceutical laboratory which I found (5) … challenging and rewarding.
It looked (6) … if all my dreams had come true. (7) … so, I was not
completely happy (8) … of my dream of being an artist. And (9) … matter how hard I tried, I couldn’t get the idea out of my head. After work,
172
I would go home and paint, and I spent most of my weekends painting
as (10) … .
С.
~ Sorry, I’m late, Rachel. I was stopped by the police!
~ Not again! You were driving fast in (1) … to get here on time, weren’t
you?
~ Not exactly. As (2) … as I arrived at the petrol station, I saw a driver
drop his wallet. I wanted to give it back to him, (3) … I followed his
car. I was speeding so (4) … to overtake him. And (5) … behind me
I saw a police car which was flashing its lights so (6) … I stopped.
~ What for?
~ They explained that one of my back lights wasn’t working and that’s
(7) … they were following me.
~ Did you manage to catch that driver (8) … a result?
~ No, I didn’t, (9) … the police stopped me (10) … I could catch him.
D.
Tattoos are becoming more and more trendy nowadays. In (1) … of
the pain that is caused by a needle, millions of people have their bodies
decorated with ink. In part, this is (2) … they are being worn by celebrities, athletes, and people within the fashion industry. Many of today’s
young people get tattoos in (3) … to express their individuality. (4) … to
this increasing demand, tattoo studios have appeared practically everywhere.
(5) … people tend to think of it as a modern practice, there is evidence that tattoos were worn in Siberia as (6) … as in Ancient Egypt over
4,000 years ago. It is commonly believed that tattooing first appeared
in Japan 10,000 years ago. (7) … so, Europeans took an interest only
in the late 18
th
century owing (8) … Captain James Cook who first saw
tattooed people on the island of Tahiti. Because (9) … that, the English
word comes from the Tahitian word tatau. Ever (10) … then, sailors have
had tattoos done as a reminder of their achievements and of the important places they visited.
173
Задания на проверку имен числительных можно встретить либо
в заданиях на выбор из нескольких предложенных вариантов ответа, либо на нахождение ошибки в подчеркнутом фрагменте. Для выполнения этих заданий вам понадобятся следующие правила:
1. Числительные dozen, hundred, thousand, million, billion употре-
бляются в форме единственного числа при наличии цифры перед
ними: three hundred metres, twenty-five billion dollars, a few thousand years.
При отсутствии цифры данные числительные употребляются в форме множественного числа и сочетаются с предлогом of:
dozens of books, millions of people.
2. При указании на номер упражнения, страницы, дома,
квартиры, автобуса и т.п. цифра ставится после существительного. Обратите внимание, что артикль перед существительным не
употребляется: Open your books at _page 5. Passengers should proceed
to _Gate Four.
В некоторых случаях возможно употребление порядкового
числительного, которое ставится перед существительным и употребляется с определенным артиклем the: Will you read out the se-
cond sentence? My son is in the sixth grade.
3. Числительные twenties, thirties, forties, nineties и т. п. употре-
бляются для обозначения десятка: thirties (= 30s) – числа от 30 до
39; nineties (= 90s) – числа от 90 до 99. Такие числительные могут
употребляться для обозначения:
— возраста: He was in his (early, mid, late) sixties. Сравните: He
was over (under) sixty. Возраст от 13 до 19 лет обозначается суще-
ствительным teens: She is in her teens.
— температуры: The temperature is in the (low, mid, high) twenties.
— десятилетия: They met in the 1980s (the nineteen eighties).
4. Количественные числительные в сочетании с существительными, обозначающими время либо расстояние и отвечающими на
вопрос какой?, имеют два способа образования:
1. цифра + существительное в притяжательном падеже: ten
minutes’ break, an hour’s delay, two kilometres’ walk;
2. цифра + дефис + существительное в общем падеже и в единственном числе: a ten-minute break, a one-hour delay, a two-kilometre walk.
Словосочетания, не обозначающие время либо расстояние,
образуют подобные сочетания с числительным только 2 способом: a three-page document, a seven-year-old girl, a five-storey building.
174
1. Выберите один из предложенных вариантов ответа:
1. Noise pollution has doubled every ten years since the … .
a. eighty c. eightieth
b. eighties d. eighty’s
2. English is the native language for … speakers worldwide.
a. million c. millions of
b. million of d. millions
3. Generally, you are not charged for … parking.
a. 15-minute c. 15-minutes
b. 15 minutes d. 15 minute’s
4. See … for additional instructions and directions.
a. 103th page c. page 103
b. the 103nd page d. the page 103
5. Tea as well as coffee has been a popular beverage for … years.
a. thousands c. a thousand of
b. thousands of d. thousand
6. Murielle must be in her late … by now.
a. fortieth c. fourty
b. forties d. forty’s
7. New York offered to pay homeless … worth of rent if they leave the
city.
a. a year’s c. one year
b. a one year d. a years’
8. By the time we arrived at the station, … o’clock bus had already left.
a. nine c. the ninth
b. ninth d. the nine
9. A loyal friend is worth more than … relatives.
a. ten thousands c. ten thousands of
b. ten thousand of d. ten thousand
10. We’re planning to leave on the ... this month.
a. thirty c. thirtieth
b. thirties d. thirty’s
11. … homes were destroyed because of the fast moving flames in
northern California.
a. A dozen of c. Dozen
b. Dozens of d. Dozens
12. The shortest way to get to the railway station is by … .
a. bus four c. fourth bus
b. the bus four d. the bus fourth
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13. The … Olympic Winter Games are scheduled to take place in Milan
in 2026.
a. twenty-five c. twenty-fifth
b. twentieth-five d. twentieth-fiveth
14. Professor Forth’s … intensive course on business etiquette is an
absolute necessity.
a. two-week c. two-week’s
b. two week’s d. two-weeks’
15. Last Friday my grandad celebrated his … birthday.
a. sixty c. sixty’s
b. sixties d. sixtieth
16. In the early … , there was an obvious improvement in the economies
of most developing countries.
a. ninetieth c. nineteens
b. nineties d. nineteenth
17. The organisation is looking for volunteers to complete … course next
month.
a. three months’ c. three month’s
b. three-months d. three-month’s
18. Greta Thunberg, an … Swedish environmental activist, has become
the face of the youth climate movement.
a. 18-year-old c. 18-years-old
b. 18-year’s old d. 18th-year-old
19. Netflix’s current golden boy, Ryan Reynolds made more than twenty
… on Six Underground and Red Notice.
a. millions dollars c. million dollar
b. millions dollar d. million dollars
20. The US size category “S” means ‘small’ and corresponds to … .
a. size 36 c. 36th size
b. 36 size d. the 36 size
2. Прочитайте предложения. В некоторых из них содержатся
ошибки. Найдите и исправьте их:
1. Just think, in a year’s time, you’ll be a first-year student of some
university.
2. Even in her mid fiftieth, Eliza is still a very attractive woman.
3. Graffiti, also called spray can art, appeared in Chicago in the 1980th.
4. I pay four hundreds dollars a month rent for a two-bedroomed
apartment.
5. Open your books and turn to the page 67 to complete exercise 19.
6. In summer temperatures here are usually in the high twenty’s.
7. Every fourth year of 366 days is called a leap year.
176
8. Mr Sandler retired after a 40-year’s career in law.
9. Pirates of the nineteen century believed that black cats bring different
types of luck.
10. Lord Byron published two volumes of poetry in his tens.
11. Paraphrase sentence two so that it has the same meaning as the first
sentence.
12. The fine was more than two hundreds and fifty rubles.
13. Mariam’s life took a major turn when she was in her thirty.
14. What’s the point in using the four-hour’s delay button on a
dishwasher?
15. I’ve warned you a dozen of times not to sign any documents without
reading.
16. The malicious application had over a million downloads.
17. There’re obvious differences between a one-star and a five-stars
hotel.
18. My grandparents’ fourtieth wedding anniversary is a little over three
months away.
19. These days we are in the third decade of the twenty-first century.
20. Primary 3B pupils are in room the 16th and their class teacher is Mrs
Gini.
21. The British Library has around 25 millions of books, more than any
other library.
22. Prince Harry had to wait until his thirties birthday before he could
take control of his money.
23. My son has fallen in love with an 18-years-old girl and they are
getting married on the ninth of June.
24. In the late ninety, 60 per cent of women in Belarus were married
before their 30th birthday.
25. We offer a 24-hour room service to keep you nourished at any time
of the day.
26. Two of my friends, both in their twenties, went on a two-weeks
holiday to Thailand.
27. When life gives you a hundred reasons to cry, show life that you have
thousands reasons to smile.
28. The twenty-tens is a decade beginning on 1 January 2010 and ending
on 31 December 2019.
29. Teenagers watch hundreds millions of videos a day on YouTube and
upload hundreds of thousands of videos daily.
30. We may live for a hundred years, but not one moment of these
hundred years can be returned, not even if we are prepared to pay
millions of dollars.
177
Неличные формы глагола не имеют лица, числа, времени
и наклонения. К неличным формам глагола относятся: инфинитив, причастия I и II и герундий. Согласно спецификации теста
по английскому языку для проведения централизованного тестирования в 2021 году, в заданиях централизованного тестирования
могут встретиться:
− инфинитив с частицей и без частицы to;
− герундий после глаголов to enjoy, can’t stand, to mind, to finish,
to start, to remember, to stop, to regret, to like, to love, to hate, to be
good at, to be interested in;
− герундий после глаголов с предлогами;
− сложное подлежащее после глаголов to say, to know, to believe,
to think, to consider, to expect;
− сложное дополнение после глаголов to see, to hear, to feel, to
want, (would) like, to let, to make.
В тестировании знание вышеперечисленных правил проверяется в заданиях на выбор из предложенных вариантов ответа либо
на нахождение ошибки в подчеркнутом фрагменте.
1) без частицы TO
– после модальных глаголов
(кроме have to, ought to)
– после глаголов чувственного
восприятия (see, hear, feel, watch,
notice, observe)
– после глаголов let и make
– после had better, would rather You had better _stay inside.
– после Why (not) Why not _go for a walk?
2) Сложное дополнение (Complex Object)
(подлежащее + сказуемое + дополнение + инфинитив)
– форма местоимений:
me, you, him, her, us, them
– инфинитив без частицы to только после глаголов see, hear, feel,
watch, notice, observe, let и make
I can _help you with the bags.
Но: You’ll have to wait a little.
I noticed her _leave the office.
Но: She was seen to cheat in the
exam.
Mother made me _clean my room.
Но: I was made to apologize.
I saw him _cross the street.
What makes her _think so?
She asked me to wash up.
I would like you to come another day.
178
– с причастием I (длительное
действие)
3) Сложное подлежащее (Complex Subject)
(подлежащее + сказуемое + инфинитив)
– сказуемое в пассивном залоге:
is said, is known, is expected и т.п.
– сказуемое в активном залоге:
seem, appear, turn out, prove, happen
– сказуемое: is (un)likely, is sure,
is certain
4) Инфинитив с предлогом FOR (For-To Infinitive)
(подлежащее + сказуемое + FOR + дополнение + инфинитив)
He opened the door for me to enter.
It is easy for you to say so.
I saw him crossing the street.
He is supposed to arrive any moment.
They are reported to have recovered
from COVID-19.
She turns out to know English well.
They seem to be studying now.
It is unlikely to rain.
It’s time for you to sell that old car.
I’m waiting for him to text me back.
Формы инфинитива
Инфинитив
Indefinite
одновре-
менное или
будущее
действие
Continuous
одновременное длительное действие
Perfect
предше-
ствующее
действие
Perfect
Continuous
предше-
ствующее
длительное
действие
Действ.
залог
to write to be written
to be writing –
to have
written
to have been
writing
Страд.
залог
to have been
written
–
Примеры
I am proud to study at this school.
She asked me not to forget to lock
the door.
He doesn’t like to be asked questions.
He pretended to be sleeping.
He seems to be reading my mind.
The children are likely to be
watching cartoons.
I am glad to have helped you.
He is said to have won the competition.
The parcel must have been sent to
the wrong address.
You must have been waiting for
hours!
It seems to have been raining
forever.
She appeared to have been crying.
179
Формы причастий
Причастия Действ. залог Страд. залог
Indefinite
одновременное действие
Perfect
предшествующее действие
Причастие I
Причастие II
прошедшее пассивное действие
building –
строящий, строя
having built –
построив
being built –
строящийся
having been built –
построенный
built –
построенный
Причастие I (-ing)
(-ущ, -ющ, -ащ, -ящ)
существительное выполняет действие
flying plane – летящий самолет
dancing girl – танцующая девушка
вещи ing-овые (качества)
shocking news – шокирующие новости
The trip is tiring. –
Поездка утомительная.
The book is boring. – Книга скучная.
Причастие I Причастие II
alarming – тревожащий alarmed – встревоженный
amazing – изумительный amazed – изумленный
amusing – забавный amused – довольный
annoying – раздражающий annoyed – раздраженный
astonishing – изумляющий astonished – изумленный
boring – вызывающий скуку bored – унылый, скучающий
calling – зовущий called – называемый
charming – очаровательный charmed – очарованный
complicating – усложняющий complicated – сложный, запутанный
confusing – сбивающий с толку confused – растерянный
convincing – убедительный convinced – убежденный
depressing – гнетущий depressed – угнетенный
disappointing – разочаровывающий disappointed – разочарованный
discouraging – удручающий discouraged – удрученный
disgusting – отвратительный
embarrassing – смущающий embarrassed – смущенный
endangering – угрожающий
законченное пассивное действие
written letter – написанное письмо
broken vase – разбитая ваза
shocked people –
шокированные люди
I am tired. – Я устал.
I feel bored. – Мне скучно.
disgusted – чувствующий отвращение
endangered – находящийся
в опасности
Причастие II (-ed)
(-нн, -т)
люди ed-овые (чувства)
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