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Файл:Английский язык без репетитора секреты успешной подготовки к тестированию
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the other
the others
other
others
сущ. в
ед.ч.
сущ. в
мн.ч.
без сущ.
в мн. ч.
сущ. в
мн.ч.
местоимение
без сущ.
в мн. ч.
другой
(из двух)
остальные Where are the other students?
остальные Where are the others?
(какие-то)
другие
другие
(какие-то)
другие
He shifted from one foot to the other.
Some people like winter; other people
prefer summer.
Do you have any other ideas?
There’re many other ways to keep fit.
I don’t care what others say.
Answer question №1 and two others.
Запомните следующие устойчивые выражения:
each other / one another – друг друга
every other day – через день (регулярно), но: in a day – через день
(однократно)
the other day – на днях
in other words – другими словами
one after another – один за другим (о трех и более)
one after the other – один за другим (о двух)
it’s another thing – это совсем другое дело
one way or another – так или иначе
on the other hand – с другой стороны,
on the one hand – с одной стороны
the other way round – наоборот
the other half – вторая половина
and others – и другие
who
whom
which
после одушевл. существ.
(который, кто)
после одушевл. существ.
(которого, которому)
после неодушевл. су-
ществ. (который)
к предшествующему
предложению
(что; и это)
The people who / that called yesterday
want to buy the house.
This is Gabriel, (whom / who / that)
I told you about.
This is the man to whom I spoke yesterday.
The car (which / that) I hired broke
down.
The horse which / that won the race is
called Gerry.
Public transport is very bad here, which is
a serious disadvantage.
151
You are the only person whose opinion
I value.
Will you trust a company whose website
has spelling errors?
I don’t believe what he told me.
No one knows exactly what happened.
What she needs is more self-confidence.
whose
what
после одушевл.
и неодушевл. существ.
(чей)
не употребляется
после существ.
(то что; что именно)
Обратите внимание!
Who, whom, which, that можно опускать, если это не подлежа-
щее в придаточном предложении.
1. Выберите один из предложенных вариантов ответа:
1. In the English language, … is no rule without an exception.
a. it c. its
b. this d. there
2. Sorry! I shouldn’t have said … I said.
a. that c. which
b. what d. that what
3. Half a loaf is better than … .
a. none c. no
b. no one d. not
4. The Sanders live in a large villa … has a view of the sea.
a. what c. which
b. whose d. who
5. Dear guests, please, help … to drinks and toasts.
a. yourself c. yours
b. you d. yourselves
6. … goes without saying that honesty is the best policy.
a. That c. There
b. It d. These
7. “Too … clicks spoil the browse” is a pun on an old proverb.
a. much c. lots
b. a lot of d. many
8. … I need now is a cup of strong coffee.
a. Whom c. What
b. Which d. That
9. There’s hardly any traffic on the road, … ?
a. is there c. wasn’t there
b. isn’t it d. is it
152
10. Sear the steaks for 2 to 3 minutes on … side.
a. every c. both
b. each d. everyone
11. People … live in glass houses should not throw stones.
a. who c. what
b. which d. –
12. He keeps disobeying his parents and they can’t stand it …
longer.
a. no c. any
b. not d. more
13. Learning is a treasure that will follow … owner everywhere.
a. it’s c. its
b. his d. their
14. You can’t wear … of these T-shirts, they need washing.
a. none c. both
b. neither d. either
15. The true meaning of life is to plant trees, under … shade you do
not expect to sit.
a. whose c. that
b. what d. which
16. Shopping has replaced many … activities that people choose as
their hobby.
a. another c. the other
b. others d. other
17. Hardly … recognizes the most significant moments of their life at
the time they happen.
a. somebody c. anybody
b. no one d. none
18. A survey of more than 3,000 researchers finds out that they don’t
trust … work.
a. each other’s c. somebody’s else
b. one another d. each’s other
19. The automobile industry is preparing for a future with … cars and
… traffic.
a. fewer; fewer c. less; less
b. fewer; less d. less; fewer
20. In an interconnected world, … of us will be safe until … of us
is safe.
a. nobody; all c. none; each
b. neither; every d. no; both
153
2. Прочитайте предложения. Найдите и исправьте в них ошибки:
1. It’s time to make yourself feel special and buy you a gift.
2. Time is a luxury no one can afford us to lose.
3. Nobody of us really see things as they are, we see them as we are.
4. Each time I meet Aisha, she greets me with that broad smile of her.
5. Bullies think they enjoy them when they bully others.
6. A person who lacks self-control is like a city which walls are bro-
ken through.
7. This life is your. Choose what you want to do and do it well.
8. Don’t bother trying to collect money from their. It isn’t worth
your while.
9. The way you behave yourself with others reflects the way you be-
have with yourself.
10. A young man which introduced himself as Baryon sent me this
photo.
11. Russia is going to ban the sale of devices what do not have any
Russian-made software.
12. You can be in a room crowded with other people and still feel
yourself alone.
13. Sometimes, I have to remind me that not every project needs to
be a major one.
14. Šipan is the largest island which biggest treasures are its vineyards
and olive orchards.
15. With so much information available, it’s easier than ever for stu-
dents to learn by theirs.
16. My neighbours never get on well with each other and it is always
some misunderstanding between them.
17. Success is not a place at that one arrives but the spirit with which
a person makes their journey.
18. It’s no point in asking ‘why’ when it comes to the English lan-
guage. It is completely pointless, and there is no answer other than
‘just because’.
19. If your account is suspended and none of the two scenarios apply,
so that we please send us a Support Request so that we can help
you further.
20. The list of what people are most worried about is largely un-
changed, and there is a tendency for people to worry less over
time, but less people report that they have changed their beha viour.
3. В каждом предложении найдите лишнее слово.
1. If the police don’t find any proof, then you’ve got nothing to
worry it about.
154
2. These delicious banana muffins they are filled with Nutella.
3. We shouldn’t expect tech giants to solve the problems what they
have created.
4. The ideal of beauty today this is to be tanned and skinny.
5. Many parents are not satisfied with the schools which in their area.
6. The coronavirus math says that either of we break this fever or it
breaks us.
7. A cold is a virus, and we actually catch it from its being in contact
with other people.
8. Our notions of what it makes a planet suitable for life are too
limited.
9. My granny behaves herself as if she were thirty years younger than
she is.
10. Most people tend to think that someone with good looks who is
confident and socially adept.
11. Motorists were alarmed when they noticed a small child walking
down a street by own himself.
12. An attractive person has more self-confidence in its communicating
with others.
13. There are many of women who adore wearing high-heeled shoes
as they give an elegant look.
14. Komodo has become an international business which selling some
of the biggest fashion brands in the world.
15. Joe who has been a strong speaker and debater and a frequent
guest on Sunday morning talk shows.
16. One of the exercises that middle-aged people prefer it is yoga as it
has a lot of health benefits like weight loss and stress reduction.
17. Lots of people these days they are buying organic fruits and
vegetables, but the new buzz word when it comes to produce is
‘home grown’.
18. Our skin is covered with a special oil which called ‘sebum’ that
moisturises and protects our skin.
19. There’s such much you want to teach your babies about life, and
all those lessons are waiting for them in a safe warm place inside
your heart.
20. Kids can easily spend much hours gaming and while it’s not good
in excess, a little moderation makes it a fun hobby.
4. Заполните каждый из пропусков словом, подходящим по
смыслу.
1. Do you consider Martin a friend of … ?
2. … seems to me that we’ve taken the wrong bus.
155
3. Is … anything else I can help you with?
4. A draw in the final match was not … the supporters had expected.
5. How do you react when you look at … in the mirror?
6. 40 % of young adults who live on … own still get money from
parents.
7. We can’t wait … longer for your help.
8. To love someone is to understand and trust … other.
9. This is your world. Shape it or somebody … will.
10. … makes me happy is my family and good friends.
11. Beethoven is known … over the world, and his music is played
everywhere.
12. For all children, music provides an opportunity for … self-
expression and creativity.
13. … is growing evidence that caffeine has a positive effect on the
performance of athletes.
14. Google makes … possible to have a real time conversation in 44
different languages.
15. Teenagers … stay up late are more likely to suffer from asthma and
allergies.
16. … days, you can’t leave home without your face mask, if you want
to stay well!
17. Travelling alone can be quite frightening but … are ways to help
you get the most out of it.
18. We had an absolutely amazing time and really enjoyed … at the
party.
19. Behind every angry woman … is a man who has absolutely … idea
what he did wrong.
20. My success was attended by quite a … failures, but I didn’t worry
too … about them.
5. Переведите на английский язык фрагмент предложения, дан-
ный в скобках:
1. I am unable to log into (ни один) of my two Gmail accounts.
2. What (еще) should I know before taking this medicine?
3. Bruno’s a team player; only Maradona could win on (сам)!
4. There are (мало) things we love in life more than chocolate.
5. Never test the depth of the water with (обе) feet.
6. Of two evils choose (ни одно).
7. That news is hardly surprising, (не так ли)?
8. (Меньше) people are getting their news from social media than
a year ago.
9. After the competition, (что) you need is a hot bath and a meal.
156
10. (Каждые) few days the floor needs sweeping.
11. Cola is too sweet for me, and Pepsi isn’t much better (тоже).
12. Nobody else is coming, (не так ли)?
13. If you tell the truth, you don’t have to remember (ничего).
14. I’ll try and find out (чья) bag this is, so I can return it to them.
15. Light your home using the same amount of light for (меньше)
money.
16. Sunbathing (через день) boost melanin levels, a chemical that
gives skin colour.
17. Friday or Saturday? I don’t mind, (любой) day is convenient.
18. In the Middle Ages (нe было) no such thing as childhood.
19. Many high school students can’t (позволить себе) a private
college.
20. Miraculously (никто) of the three passengers were badly injured
in the accident.
21. Why am I getting someone (другого) Facebook notifications in my
Gmail inbox?
22. Only a (несколько) days are left until New Year. How fast time
runs away!
23. I’ve got an error message on my computer “(Есть) a problem
with this download”.
24. Penelope showed her mum and dad that she could get dressed for
school all by (сама).
25. The flowers are (самое малое) we could do to thank you for your
generous hospitality.
26. When I meet people for the first time I’m so nervous that their
names go in one ear and out (другое).
27. I always have a bright ribbon tied to (каждый) suitcase so that
I can identify it coming off the airport belt.
28. Residents will have to wait (еще) two weeks before they can return
to their homes after the mudslide.
29. (Есть) is just one life for (каждого) of us: our own.
30. The best way to protect yourself and (других) from infection is to
avoid close contact with sick people.
157
Согласно спецификации теста по английскому языку для
проведения централизованного тестирования в 2021 году, задания централизованного тестирования предполагают проверку
имен прилагательных и наречий. Вам необходимо знать, как образуются степени сравнения прилагательных и наречий, слова«усилители» сравнительной степени: a lot, much, far, a bit, a little,
а также особенности употребления некоторых прилагательных
и наречий. Данные правила могут быть проверены как в части А
(в заданиях на множественный выбор либо в заданиях на нахождение ошибки в подчеркнутом фрагменте), так и в части В (задание на заполнение пропусков своими словами, задание на нахождение лишних слов, задание на частичный перевод фрагмента
предложения с русского языка на английский).
Степени сравнения прилагательных
Прилага-
тельные
однослож-
ные
много-
сложные
некоторые
двуслож-
ные
исключе-
ния
158
Положи-
тельная
степень
rich
cold
careful
famous
angry
simple
good
bad
many /
much
little
Сравнительная
степень
прилагательное + -er прилагательное + -est
richer
less cold
more / less +
прилагательное
more careful
less famous
angrier = more angry
simpler = more simple
better
worse
more
less
Превосходная
степень
richest
least cold
most / least +
прилагательное
most careful
least famous
angriest = most angry
simplest = most simple
best
worst
most
least
Степени сравнения наречий
Наречия
однослож-
ные, early
двусложные
и произво-
дные (-ly)
исключения
Положительная
степень
fast
early
seldom
clearly
well
badly
much
little
Сравнительная
степень
наречие + -er наречие + -est
faster
earlier
more / less +
наречие
more seldom
more / less clearly
better
worse
more
less
Превосходная
степень
fastest
earliest
most / least +
наречие
most seldom
most / least clearly
best
worst
most
least
Секрет успеха! Нельзя одновременно использовать more / less
и суффикс -er! Например, неправильно: more easier
, less difficulter.
Особые случаи образования степеней сравнения
некоторых прилагательных
old
far
near
late
Степени
сравнения
older –
oldest
elder –
eldest
farther –
farthest
further –
furthest
nearer –
nearest
nearer –
next
later –
latest
latter –
last
Значение Примеры
старший
(по возрасту)
старший
(в семье)
более далекий
(по расстоянию)
дополнительный,
дальнейший
ближайший
(по расстоянию)
следующий
(по порядку)
более поздний – по-
следний (по времени)
второй (из упомяну-
тых) – последний
(по порядку)
Mr Nickly is the oldest of the
teachers.
My elder / older brother is
3 years older than me.
His office is farther / further
away than mine.
For further information contact Mr Showdon.
Where’s the nearest post-office?
The next train arrives in
5 minutes.
I prefer her later works.
Have you heard the latest news?
We visited Spain and Portugal
and stayed longer in the former
than in the latter. He was the
last to come.
159
Конструкция Перевод Примеры
с прилагательными и наречиями в положительной степени
as … as такой же … как
not so / as … as не такой … как
twice as … as
three times as … as
с прилагательными и наречиями в сравнительной степени
than чем
much, a lot, far
a little, a bit немного
more and more более и более
less and less менее и менее
the … the … чем … тем …
с прилагательными и наречиями в превосходной степени
one of, some of
в два / три раза
намного,
гораздо
один из,
некоторые из
Exercise 1 is as easy as exercise 2.
He came as quickly as he could.
My marks are not so high as yours.
You don’t sing as beautifully as
she does.
Todd is twice as old as Alan.
He earns three times as much as
I do.
He is stronger than I am.
His business is more successful
than mine.
Women live longer than men.
She is a lot younger than her husband.
He was driving much more quickly.
It’s a little warmer today.
Try to speak a bit more quietly.
It rained more and more heavily.
It is getting colder and colder.
The rainbow grew less and less
bright.
I think of him less and less often.
The warmer the weather, the better I feel.
The more you give, the more you get.
The wheel is one of the most useful
inventions.
1. В английском языке существует несколько прилагательных,
которые совпадают по написанию с наречиями (заканчиваются
на -ly):
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