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Файл:Английский язык без репетитора секреты успешной подготовки к тестированию
.pdf
including Like, Subscribe, Watch Later, and Watch History. To put
things in perspective, YouTube gets over one billion views per day,
which means that if YouTube (9) … a search engine, it (10) … the
second largest, nearly twice as big as Bing and Yahoo search combined, and roughly a third the size of Google.com!
1. a. is allowed d. will be allowed
b. allows e. was allowed
c. allowed
2. a. upload d. are uploading
b. have been uploaded e. have uploaded
c. are uploaded
3. a. is founded d. founded
b. was founded e. was founding
c. was found
4. a. have been trying d. were trying
b. had been tried e. had been trying
c. were tried
5. a. were come up d. came up
b. have come up e. had been coming up
c. had come up
6. a. had set up d. has been set up
b. set up e. had been set up
c. was setted up
7. a. was called d. was calling
b. called e. had called
c. is called
8. a. are wanting d. will be wanted
b. want e. are wanted
c. will want
9. a. will be d. had been
b. are e. would be
c. were
10. a. was d. would be
b. is e. will be
c. will have been
Анализ текста 1
1 b – allows («позволяет»).
Начало предложения в Present, нет ответа на вопрос «когда
произошло действие?», поэтому не Past Simple. Действие проис-
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ходит регулярно в настоящем. Наличие дополнения (users) говорит о действительном залоге переходного глагола allow. Выбираем Present Simple в действительном залоге.
2 с – are uploaded («загружают»).
Every minute является словом-подсказкой для Present Simple.
Видео сами себя загрузить не могут, к тому же отсутствует дополнение, значит выбираем Present Simple в страдательном залоге.
3 b – was founded («был основан»).
Видим в предложении ответ на вопрос «когда?» – in 2005,
а также предлог by, указывающий на страдательный залог. Значит, нам нужно Past Simple в страдательном залоге. Вариант was
found – это пассивная форма глагола find «находить», поэтому
правильный ответ was founded.
4 e – had been trying («пытались»).
Обратим внимание на подсказку for months, которая предполагает использование Perfect Continuous. Убираем Present Perfect
Continuous, т.к. дальше есть слово when, исключающее Present
Perfect. Try – непереходный глагол, значит не пассив. Останав-
ливаемся на варианте Past Perfect Continuous.
5 d – came up («придумали»).
Помним, что после when в придаточном предложении нельзя
Perfect. Подлежащее активное – «они придумали», а не «их придумали». Значит, Past Simple в действительном залоге.
6 e – had been set up («был создан»).
Исключим неверные варианты. Точно не Present, т.к. слева
и справа Past. Сайт сам себя создать не мог, следовательно, нам
нужен глагол в страдательном залоге. Формы setted не существует, т.к. глагол неправильный. Выбираем Past Perfect в страдательном залоге.
7 a – was called («называлось»).
По глаголу posted в главной части определяем, что требуется
прошедшее время, исключаем is called. Подлежащее video само
не выполняет действие, значит, нужен страдательный залог. Из
оставшихся вариантов ответов подходит только was called.
8 b – want («захотите»).
По наличию в предложении if и will определяем, что это
условное предложение I типа. После if должно быть Present. Глагол want не употребляется в Continuous. Выбираем Present Simple
в действительном залоге, т.к. подлежащее активное – «вы захотите», а не «вас захотят».
9 с – were («был бы»).
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Исключим заведомо ложные варианты a и e, т.к. в придаточном условия после if нельзя ни will, ни would. Вариант are также
не подходит, т.к. подлежащее имеет форму единственного числа.
По оставшимся вариантам were и had been понимаем, что речь
идет о нереальном условном предложении, а именно о том, что
могло бы произойти когда-либо в будущем (мечты о том, что
YouTube мог бы стать поисковой системой). Выбираем were для
if-части II типа условных предложений.
10 d – would be («был бы»).
Т.к. if-часть предложения относится к II типу условных предложений, единственно возможным вариантом из предложенных
является would be.
Текст 2
Прочитайте текст. Выберите один из предложенных вариантов
ответа:
Enrico Caruso, the great Italian operatic tenor, once talked about
his experience, which proves that no man (1) … as famous as he (2)
… he is.
One day, as Caruso (3) … along a rural road, his car (4) … stuck
in the mud in the middle of nowhere. He tried to drive out but the
wheels started spinning in the mud and the car became trapped even
more. Enrico had to walk several miles to the nearest farm for help.
After his vehicle (5) … , Enrico (6) … to stay overnight at his rescuer’s
house. As Enrico was dirty and wet, he decided that there (7) … no
point in continuing his way, so he willingly accepted the hospitalty.
Hardly (8) … into the house, he (9) … by the farmer’s wife. “Good
evening, Madam. My name’s Caruso,” he said. The astonished woman
grabbed his hand and exclaimed, “I (10) … to see you in our humble
home! Caruso! The famous traveller, Robinson Caruso!”
1. a. has d. would be
b. were e. have been
c. is
2. a. is thinking d. is thought
b. thinks e. will be thinking
c. had thought
3. a. has been driving d. was being driven
b. is driving e. had been driving
c. was driving
4. a. will get d. was got
b. has got e. got
c. had got
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5. a. has been pulled out d. pulled out
b. has pulled out e. had been pulled out
c. had pulled out
6. a. was offered d. had offered
b. was offering e. had been offered
c. offered
7. a. will be d. had been
b. would be e. would have been
c. is
8. a. was Caruso stepped d. had Caruso stepped
b. has Caruso stepped e. Caruso had stepped
c. did Caruso step
9. a. was welcoming d. welcomed
b. was welcomed e. had been welcomed
c. had welcomed
10. a. never expect d. have never been expected
b. had never expected e. am never expected
c. have never expected
Анализ текста 2
1 с – is («является»).
Сказуемое в форме Present Simple употребляется для обозначения постоянного состояния.
2 b – thinks («думает»).
Сказуемое в форме Present Simple употребляется для выражения постоянного мнения, точки зрения.
3 с – was driving («ехал»).
Сказуемое в форме Past Continuous отвечает на вопрос «что
делал?» и обозначает длительное действие, на фоне которого
произошло другое действие. Слово-подсказка, указывающее на
Past Continuous – as «в то время, как».
4 e – got («застрял»).
Сказуемое в форме Past Simple отвечает на вопрос «что сде-
лал?» и указывает на однократное действие, которое прерывает
длительное действие (was driving) – «застрял, когда ехал»
5 e – had been pulled out («был вытащен»).
Сказуемое в форме Past Perfect используется для обозначения предпрошедшего действия, которое произошло перед другим прошедшим действием. Had been pulled является сказуемым
придаточного предложения в конструкции Past Simple after Past
Perfect. Форма страдательного залога употребляется, т.к. под-
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лежащее (vehicle) не выполняет действие, выраженное сказуемым (pull).
6 a – was offered («было предложено»).
Отсутствие дополнения после переходного глагола offer (не
указано, кому он предложил остаться, значит, предложили ему)
свидетельствует о необходимости выбрать из предложенных вариантов форму сказуемого в страдательном залоге. Выбираем
was offered, т.к. пропущенный глагол является сказуемым главного предложения в конструкции Past Simple after Past Perfect.
7 b – would be («будет»).
Т.к. сказуемое главного предложения (decided) употреблено
в форме прошедшего времени, делаем выбор между вариантами b, d и e. Показателей на Perfect в предложении нет, поэтому
для обозначения будущего действия выбираем сказуемое в форме Future Simple-in-the-Past.
8 d – had Caruso stepped («ступил»).
В предложениях, которые начинаются со слова Hardly «как
только», в главной части предложения используется Past Perfect
с обратным порядком слов (инверсией).
9 b – was welcomed («был встречен»).
В предложениях с конструкцией Hardly … when, во второй
(придаточной) части предложения используется Past Simple. На
форму страдательного залога указывает предлог by.
10 с – have never expected («не ожидала»).
Наличие кавычек является своеобразным «забором», отделяющим предыдущие события от реплики в прямой речи, которая
произносится как-будто в настоящий момент времени и имеет
связь с настоящим. Слово-подсказка, указывающее на Present
Perfect – never «никогда». Подлежащее активное.
1. Прочитайте текст. Выберите один из предложенных вариан-
тов ответа:
Graduating from high school is an exciting time. I am in Year
11 and it’s time to start thinking about what to do after I (1) … my
studies. With so many choices that (2) … to school-leavers, I (3) …
yet what I would really like to do. Continuing education after high
school is a path that many students take. My parents suggested that
I go on to college. I think I (4) … it some serious thought. Earlier, when
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I was in the lower class, I was keen on designing. I believed that I (5)
… to take up architecture or graphic design. However, since then, my
interests (6) … towards business and e-commerce. I didn’t realise how
difficult it (7) … to make a decision. Fortunately, I (8) … the necessity of selecting a career right now. I (9) … a range of subjects when
I (10) … college. In two years’ time, I will have a clearer picture of
the course of study I need to pursue the career I want.
1. a. will complete d. have been completed
b. will be completed e. had completed
c. complete
2. a. have offered d. are offering
b. are offered e. offered
c. offer
3. a. don’t decide d. hadn’t decided
b. haven’t been decided e. haven’t decided
c. am not decided
4. a. will be given d. had given
b. would be giving e. will have given
c. will give
5. a. was going d. would go
b. am going e. would be going
c. will go
6. a. had drawn d. have been drawn
b. are drawing e. are drawn
c. have drawn
7. a. is d. has been
b. had been e. will be
c. would be
8. a. didn’t face d. am not faced
b. haven’t been faced e. am not facing
c. not face
9. a. will be studied d. will have been studying
b. study e. will be studying
c. would study
10. a. enter d. will enter
b. am entering e. will be entered
c. am entered
2. Прочитайте текст. Выберите один из предложенных вариан-
тов ответа:
Grocery shopping is one of the weekly tasks that I have to do
by myself. On a Friday evening, I (1) … at the supermarket to shop
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for food. The car park was full, so I (2) … at the side of the street.
The supermarket was so crowded that it took me over an hour to do
my shopping. When I (3) … to the cashier, I realised that I (4) …
my purse in the car, so I couldn’t pay for my groceries. I went to
the car to get my purse but the street was empty and my car (5) … .
I (6) … the police to report that my car (7) … . The police officer
said that my car (8) … away because I (9) … it in a no-parking zone.
My husband had to go to the police station and pay the fine so that
I could get my car back. I (10) … in that place again and I’d highly
recommend you don’t either.
1. a. have arrived d. was arrived
b. was arriving e. had arrived
c. arrived
2. a. parked d. was parking
b. have parked e. was parked
c. had parked
3. a. have got d. was got
b. got e. had been getting
c. had got
4. a. had been left d. left
b. was left e. had left
c. have left
5. a. has disappeared d. had disappeared
b. was disappeared e. has been disappeared
c. disappeared
6. a. had called d. called
b. have been called e. was called
c. was calling
7. a. is stolen d. has been stolen
b. had stolen e. had been stolen
c. was stealing
8. a. had been towed d. is towed
b. had towed e. has been towed
c. was towing
9. a. had been parked d. parked
b. had parked e. was parked
c. have parked
10. a. would never be parked d. will never have parked
b. will never be parking e. will never be parked
c. will never park
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3. Прочитайте текст. Выберите один из предложенных вариан-
тов ответа:
The history of writing and drawing on walls, nowadays known as
graffiti is much longer than most realise. The first drawings on walls
(1) … in caves thousands of years ago. Modern graffiti (2) … to have
appeared in Philadelphia in the early 1960s, and by the late sixties it
(3) … New York. The new art form really (4) … in the 1970s, when
people (5) … writing their names, or ‘tags’, on buildings all over the
city. In 2017, the Urban Nation Museum (6) … in Berlin to champion and archive street art and graffiti. Nevertheless, the debate over
whether graffiti is art or vandalism (7) … .
For decades graffiti (8) … a springboard to international fame for
a few. The Frenchman Blek le Rat and the British artist Banksy (9)
… international fame by producing complex works with stencils, often
making political or humorous points. Works by Banksy (10) … for over
£100,000. Graffiti is now sometimes big business.
1. a. have appeared d. appeared
b. were appeared e. had been appeared
c. were appearing
2. a. is seeming d. has seemed
b. is seemed e. was seemed
c. seems
3. a. had reached d. had been reached
b. reached e. has reached
c. was reached
4. a. was taken off d. had been taking off
b. has taken off e. took off
c. was taking off
5. a. had begun d. had been beginning
b. were begun e. have begun
c. began
6. a. was building d. built
b. was built e. had built
c. has been built
7. a. still go on d. has still been going on
b. has still gone on e. is still going on
c. is still gone on
8. a. has been d. is
b. was e. was being
c. had been
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9. a. have been achieved d. have achieved
b. were achieved e. are achieving
c. were achieving
10. a. are selling d. sold
b. have sold e. have been sold
c. sells
4. Прочитайте текст. Выберите один из предложенных вариан-
тов ответа:
Your fingernails grow at an average rate of 3.47 mm per month,
or about a tenth of a millimeter per day. If you (1) … a fingernail, it
(2) … up to six months for that nail to completely grow back. The
nails on your dominant hand grow faster than the rest, as (3) … the
nails on your longer fingers. Interestingly, it (4) … that nails tend to
grow faster in summer and during the day. Being younger (5) … with
a faster nail growth rate as well. A study that (6) … in the 1990s (7)
… one man’s rate of nail growth over the course of 35 years. At the
age of 23, Dr. William Bean observed that his left thumbnail grew at
a rate of 0.123 mm per day. By the time he (8) … the age of 67, this
rate (9) … to 0.095 mm per day. This change in speed may be because
blood circulation (10) … with age.
1. a. will be lost d. lose
b. are lost e. are losing
c. will lose
2. a. is taking d. has taken
b. will take e. would take
c. will be taken
3. a. are d. were
b. do e. did
c. have
4. a. is appearing d. was appeared
b. is appeared e. appears
c. had appeared
5. a. had associated d. has been associated
b. has been associating e. is associating
c. associated
6. a. was published d. was publishing
b. has been published e. has published
c. published
7. a. reviewed d. was reviewed
b. reviews e. has been reviewed
c. has reviewed
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8. a. has reached d. had reached
b. was reached e. will reach
c. reached
9. a. has dropped d. will be dropped
b. dropped e. had dropped
c. was dropped
10. a. has been slowed d. is slowed
b. will have slowed e. had been slowing
c. slows
5. Прочитайте текст. Выберите один из предложенных вариан-
тов ответа:
Many parents believe their teens (1) … to their phones – maybe even addicted. A new report from the Pew Research Center, US,
shows that even teens (2) … they have a problem.
The amount of time teenagers spend on social networking sites (3)
… by 62.5 percent since 2016 and (4) … to grow. It (5) … that teens
(6) … an average of nine hours a day online, compared to about six
hours for tweens – those aged 8 to 12. The study, which included
743 US teens, (7) … in 2018. In keeping with other findings, girls
were more likely than boys to spend too much time on social media
while boys were more likely to report spending too much time on
video games. Nevertheless, there is some reassuring news: more that
50% of teens (8) … to reduce mobile phone use and limit their use
of social media.
While the long-term effects of constant social media use (9) …
yet, some major tech companies, including Google and Apple, recently said they (10) … features to help parents and kids monitor and
manage their time online.
1. a. are too attached d. have been too attaching
b. have too attached e. too attach
c. are too attaching
2. a. are thought d. have been thinking
b. think e. are thinking
c. thought
3. a. rose d. has risen
b. had risen e. has been risen
c. is rising
4. a. continued d. continues
b. is continuing e. will be continued
c. have continued
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