Павлова Г.Б. Английский язык. Практический курс. Ч. 1
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Упражнение 1. Проспрягайте глагол to be в предложениях.
1.I am a policeman.
2.I am from Russia.
3.I was a student.
4.I was at the lecture.
Упражнение 2. Заполните пропуски личными формами глагола to be в соответствующей временной форме.
1.He _______ a lawyer. Now he _______ in his office.
2.They _______ not at home at 7 o‟clock.
3._______ Paul and John good specialists?
4.This _______ my house. I lived there two years ago.
5.Helen _______ not in London last week.
6.I _______ from Moscow, I _______ Russian.
7.Last year his brother _______ a cadet and now he _______ is a policeman.
8.What color _______ your new car?
9.When I _______ younger I didn‟t like school.
10.When _______ you born?
Упражнение 3. Поставьте глагол-сказуемое в отрицательную и вопросительную формы:
1.I am a police officer.
2.Our profession is difficult.
3.My friends are civil lawyers.
4.He was a real expert in forensic.
5.His parents were very poor.
6.Ann was in Paris on holiday.
Упражнение 4. Дайте краткие и полные ответы на вопросы.
1.Are you a lawyer?
2.Were you a student of a high school?
3.Are your parents policemen?
4.Is your mother from Khabarovsk?
5.Are you Russian?
6.Is your father‟s name Alexander?
7.Is your friend 17 years old?
8.Are you good in English?
9.Were you happy when you were a child?
10.Is Khabarovsk your home town?
52
Упражнение 5. Замените подлежащее личным местоимением и напишите его с сокращенной формой сказуемого.
1.Our house is next to the police station.
2.These young men are racing drivers.
3.If Alan is not at work, he is sleeping.
4.His work is dangerous but interesting.
5.My brother‟s girlfriend is pretty and clever.
Упражнение 6. Перепишите следующий текст, укажите знаки препинания и заглавные буквы.
philip hallow was born in london in 1974 his father was a bus driver and his mother was a librarian they were not rich but philip and his two sisters sarah and jane were very happy children in 1989 philips father died so philip didnt go to university he started working in a bank but didn‟t like it so he changed to an import-export firm now hes the assistant manager and hes very happy
Упражнение 7. Составьте специальные вопросы из данных ниже слов.
What |
is |
your name |
now |
|
Who |
are |
you |
from |
|
How |
was |
his friends |
last week |
? |
How old |
were |
Ann and her mother |
in 2014 |
|
Where |
|
students |
|
|
|
|
their parents |
|
|
|
|
the policeman |
|
|
Упражнение 8. Напишите специальные вопросы к ответам.
1.Fine, thanks. How are you?
2.It‟s under the table. _______________________
3.I‟m a student. ___________________________
4.They‟re at the lecture. _____________________
5.No, he‟s divorced. ________________________
6.19 Church Lane. _________________________
7.Russia. ________________________________
53
§ 16. Глагол to have
Глагол to have переводится «иметь», «обладать».
Present Simple |
|
Past Simple |
|
|
Единственное число |
|
|
I |
have |
I |
had |
you |
have |
you |
had |
he |
|
he |
|
she |
has |
she |
had |
it |
|
it |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Множественное число |
||
we |
|
we |
|
you |
have |
you |
have |
they |
|
they |
|
|
|
|
|
Вотрицательных предложениях после глагола have употребляется частица not или отрицательное местоимение no.
Вобщих вопросах глагол have ставится перед подлежащим. В специальных – после специального вопросительного слова.
I have some questions. – У меня есть несколько вопросов.
I have not any questions. – У меня нет (никаких) вопросов. (=I don‟t have any questions.)
I have no questions. – У меня нет вопросов.
Have you any questions? – У вас есть вопросы? (= Do you have any questions?)
Who has any questions? – У кого есть вопросы?
Эквивалентом глагола have во временной форме Present Simple
является выражение have got: she has got a car; she hasn’t got a car; has she got a car?.
Упражнение 1. Заполните пропуски соответствующей утвердительной формой have или have got.
1.My brother _______ dark hair now, but when he was a child he _______
fair hair.
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2.I _______ your telephone number, I‟ll phone you tomorrow.
3.Our boss _______ a great deal yesterday.
4.She can‟t do anything at the moment, she ______ a terrible headache.
5.Her boyfriend _______ perfect manners. He always says “Ladies first”, even at the lift door.
6.Nobody liked her. She _______ nice manners, but she _______a quick temper.
7.We _______ a good dentist whom we can recommend to you.
8.I _______ a brilliant idea! Let‟s go and do it ourselves.
Упражнение 2. Заполните пропуски соответствующей отрицательной формой have или have got.
1.We couldn‟t visit the museum. We _______ enough time.
2.My mother can‟t read the notice. She _______ her glasses.
3.He couldn‟t find his way to our house. He _______ a map.
4.I can‟t take any photographs. I _______ a camera.
5.She can‟t pay her bills. She _______ money.
6.They couldn‟t get into a house. They _______ a key.
Упражнение 3. Напишите предложения о себе. Воспользуйтесь утвердительной и отрицательной формами have или have got и словами a car, a bicycle, a guitar, a computer, a camera, a driving license, a job, a dog / a cat.
Have you got these things now? Did you have them ten years ago?
NOW |
|
TEN YEARS AGO |
|
1. I’ve got / have a car. |
|
1. I didn’t have / had no car. |
|
2. …………………. |
|
2. …………………. |
|
Упражнение 4. Заполните пропуски соответствующей вопросительной формой have или have got.
1.Excuse me, _______ (you) a pen I could borrow?
2.Why are you holding your face like that? _______ (you) a toothache?
3._______ (he) a bicycle when he was a child?
4._______ (you) the time, please? – Yes, it‟s ten past three.
5.When she did the exam, _______ (she) time to answer all the questions?
6.I need a stamp for this letter. _______ (you) one?
7.It started to rain while I was walking home. – Did it? _______ (you) an umbrella?
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Таблица неправильных (нестандартных) глаголов
|
|
|
|
Прошедшее |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
|
Инфинитив |
|
|
неопределенное |
|
|
Причастие II |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||||
|
|
|
время |
|
|
(Past |
|
|
Перевод |
|
|
|
(Infinitive) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||
|
|
|
(Past Indefinite) |
|
|
Participle) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
|
1 |
|
|
2 |
|
|
3 |
|
|
4 |
|
|
be |
|
was / were |
|
|
been |
|
|
быть, являться, нахо- |
||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
диться |
|
|
become |
|
became |
|
|
become |
|
|
становиться |
||
|
begin |
|
began |
|
|
begun |
|
|
начинать |
||
|
break |
|
broke |
|
|
broken |
|
|
ломать |
||
|
bring |
|
brought |
|
|
brought |
|
|
приносить |
||
|
build |
|
built |
|
|
built |
|
|
строить |
||
|
buy |
|
bought |
|
|
bought |
|
|
покупать |
||
|
catch |
|
caught |
|
|
caught |
|
|
ловить, хватать |
||
|
choose |
|
chose |
|
|
chosen |
|
|
выбирать |
||
|
come |
|
came |
|
|
come |
|
|
приходить |
||
|
cut |
|
cut |
|
|
cut |
|
|
резать |
||
|
cost |
|
cost |
|
|
cost |
|
|
стоить |
||
|
deal |
|
dealt |
|
|
dealt |
|
|
иметь дело |
||
|
do |
|
did |
|
|
done |
|
|
делать |
||
|
draw |
|
drew |
|
|
drawn |
|
|
рисовать |
||
|
drink |
|
drank |
|
|
drunk |
|
|
пить |
||
|
drive |
|
drove |
|
|
driven |
|
|
водить |
||
|
eat |
|
ate |
|
|
eaten |
|
|
есть |
||
|
fall |
|
fell |
|
|
fallen |
|
|
падать |
||
|
feed |
|
fed |
|
|
fed |
|
|
кормить |
||
|
feel |
|
felt |
|
|
felt |
|
|
чувствовать |
||
|
fight |
|
fought |
|
|
fought |
|
|
бороться, сражаться |
||
|
find |
|
found |
|
|
found |
|
|
находить |
||
|
fly |
|
flew |
|
|
flown |
|
|
летать |
||
|
forget |
|
forgot |
|
|
forgot |
|
|
забывать |
||
|
get |
|
got |
|
|
got |
|
|
получать |
||
|
give |
|
gave |
|
|
given |
|
|
давать |
||
|
go |
|
went |
|
|
gone |
|
|
ходить |
||
|
grow |
|
grew |
|
|
grown |
|
|
расти, становиться |
||
|
have |
|
had |
|
|
had |
|
|
иметь |
||
|
hear |
|
heard |
|
|
heard |
|
|
слышать |
||
|
hit |
|
hit |
|
|
hit |
|
|
ударять (-ся) |
||
|
keep |
|
kept |
|
|
kept |
|
|
хранить |
||
|
know |
|
knew |
|
|
known |
|
|
знать |
||
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1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
leave |
left |
left |
оставлять, покидать |
let |
let |
let |
позволять |
lose |
lost |
lost |
терять |
make |
made |
made |
делать |
mean |
meant |
meant |
иметь в виду |
meet |
met |
met |
встречать |
pay |
paid |
paid |
платить |
put |
put |
put |
класть |
read |
read [red] |
read [red] |
читать |
ride |
rode |
ridden |
ехать верхом (ехать |
|
|
|
в автобусе, поезде) |
ring |
rang |
rung |
звонить |
run |
ran |
run |
бежать |
say |
said |
said |
сказать |
see |
saw |
seen |
видеть |
sell |
sold |
sold |
продавать |
send |
sent |
sent |
посылать |
shoot |
shot |
shot |
стрелять |
shut |
shut |
shut |
закрывать |
sing |
sang |
sung |
петь |
sit |
sat |
sat |
сидеть |
sleep |
slept |
slept |
спать |
speak |
spoke |
spoken |
разговаривать |
spend |
spent |
spent |
проводить, тратить |
stand |
stood |
stood |
стоять |
steal |
stole |
stolen |
воровать |
sweep |
swept |
swept |
подметать, чистить |
swim |
swam |
swum |
плавать |
take |
took |
taken |
брать |
tear |
tore |
torn |
рвать (-ся), отры- |
|
|
|
вать |
tell |
told |
told |
рассказывать |
teach |
taught |
taught |
учить (кого-то) |
think |
thought |
thought |
думать |
throw |
threw |
thrown |
бросать |
understand |
understood |
understood |
понимать |
wear |
wore |
worn |
носить (одежду) |
win |
won |
won |
выигрывать |
write |
wrote |
written |
писать |
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Числительные
|
Количественные числительные |
|
|
Порядковые числительные |
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1 – |
one |
(the) first – первый |
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2 – |
two |
(the) second – второй |
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|
3 – |
three |
(the) third – третий |
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4 – |
four |
(the) fourth – четвертый |
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|
5 – |
five |
(the) fifth – пятый |
|||||
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6 – |
six |
(the) sixth – шестой |
|||||
|
7 – |
seven |
(the) seventh – седьмой |
|||||
|
8 – |
eight |
(the) eighth – восьмой |
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|
9 – |
nine |
(the) ninth – девятый |
|||||
10 |
– ten |
(the) tenth – десятый |
||||||
11 |
– eleven |
(the) eleventh одиннадцатый |
||||||
12 |
– twelve |
(the) twelfth – двенадцатый |
||||||
13 |
– thirteen |
(the) |
thirteenth |
– тринадцатый |
||||
14 |
– fourteen |
(the) |
fourteenth |
– четырнадцатый |
||||
15 |
– fifteen |
(the) |
fifteenth – пятнадцатый |
|||||
16 |
– sixteen |
(the) sixteenth – шестнадцатый |
||||||
17 |
– seventeen |
(the) |
seventeenth – семнадцатый |
|||||
18 |
– eighteen |
(the) |
eighteenth – восемнадцатый |
|||||
19 |
– nineteen |
(the) |
nineteenth – девятнадцатый |
|||||
20 |
– twenty |
(the) |
twentieth – двадцатый |
|||||
30 |
– thirty |
(the) |
thirtieth – тридцатый |
|||||
40 |
– forty |
(the) |
fortieth – сороковой |
|||||
50 |
– fifty |
(the) |
fiftieth – пятидесятый |
|||||
60 |
– sixty |
(the) |
sixtieth – шестидесятый |
|||||
70 |
– seventy |
(the) |
seventieth – семидесятый |
|||||
80 |
– eighty |
(the) |
eightieth – восьмидесятый |
|||||
90 |
– |
ninety |
(the) |
ninetieth – девяностый |
||||
|
100 – one hundred |
(the) one hundredth – сотый |
||||||
|
1000 – one thousand |
(the) one thousandth – тысячный |
||||||
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Word-Building
(Словообразование)
1. Суффиксы существительных
Суффиксы одушевленных имен существительных
Суффикс |
Пример |
Перевод |
-al |
official |
должностное лицо |
-an |
politician |
политик |
-ant / -ent |
defendant |
подзащитный |
|
respondent |
ответчик |
-ate |
delegate |
делегат |
-ee |
referee |
судья |
-er / -or |
commander |
начальник |
|
professor |
профессор |
-ist |
journalist |
журналист |
-ive |
detective |
детектив, сыщик |
|
|
|
Суффиксы неодушевленных имен существительных |
||
|
|
|
Суффикс |
Пример |
Перевод |
-age |
marriage |
брак |
-ance / -ence |
expectance |
ожидание |
|
difference |
отличие |
-ary / -ory |
functionary |
чиновник |
|
directory |
адресная книга |
-ate |
consulate |
консульство |
-dom |
wisdom |
мудрость |
-hood |
brotherhood |
братство |
-ing |
training |
обучение |
-ion |
confession |
признание |
-ity |
activity |
деятельность |
-ment |
statement |
заявление |
-ness |
readiness |
готовность |
-ship |
citizenship |
гражданство |
-th |
strength |
сила |
-ure |
culture |
культура |
-y |
glory |
слава |
|
|
|
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2. Суффиксы прилагательных и наречий
Суффикс |
Пример |
Перевод |
|
Прилагательные |
|
-able / -ible |
punishable |
наказуемый |
|
responsible |
ответственный |
-(i)al |
personal |
личный |
-(i)an / -(e)an |
Iranian |
иранский |
|
European |
европейский |
-ant / -ent |
observant |
наблюдательный |
|
dependent |
зависимый |
-ary / -ory |
parliamentary |
парламентский |
|
advisory |
консультативный |
-ate |
temperate |
умеренный |
-ful |
peaceful |
мирный |
-ic |
democratic |
демократический |
-ish |
bookish |
книжный |
-ive |
expressive |
выразительный |
-less |
useless |
бесполезный |
-like |
warlike |
воинственный |
-ous |
dangerous |
опасный |
-y |
lucky |
счастливый |
|
|
|
|
Наречия |
|
-ly |
expertly |
квалифицированно |
-ward |
homeward |
домой, к дому |
|
|
|
3. Словообразовательные суффиксы глаголов
Суффикс |
Пример |
Перевод |
-ate |
nominate |
выдвигать |
-en |
strengthen |
усиливать |
-(i)fy |
simplify |
упрощать |
-ize / -ise |
legalize |
узаконивать |
|
advise |
советовать |
-ish |
accomplish |
выполнять |
|
|
|
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4. Приставки
Приставки с противоположным или отрицательным значением
Приставка |
|
|
Пример |
|
Перевод |
de- |
|
|
demobilize |
|
демобилизовать |
dis- |
|
|
disorder |
|
беспорядок |
in- |
|
|
inaction |
|
бездействие |
im- |
|
|
immoral |
|
аморальный |
il- |
|
|
illegal |
|
незаконный |
ir- |
|
|
irrational |
|
нерациональный |
mis- |
|
|
misfortune |
|
несчастье |
non- |
|
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non-ability |
|
неправоспособность |
un- |
|
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unable |
|
неспособный |
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||
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Приставки с другими значениями |
||||
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Приставка |
|
|
Пример |
|
Перевод |
co- |
|
|
cooperation |
|
сотрудничество |
counter- |
|
|
counter-attack |
|
контратака |
en- / em- |
|
|
enforce |
|
заставлять |
|
|
|
empower |
|
уполномочивать |
ex- |
|
|
ex-president |
|
экс-президент |
extra- |
|
|
extraordinary |
|
экстраординарный |
inter- |
|
|
interchange |
|
взаимообмен |
multi- |
|
|
multilateral |
|
многосторонний |
over- |
|
|
overcrowded |
|
переполненный |
post- |
|
|
postgraduate |
|
аспирант |
poly- |
|
|
polygraphic |
|
полиграфический |
pre- |
|
|
precaution |
|
предосторожность |
re- |
|
|
rename |
|
переименовывать |
self- |
|
|
self-education |
|
самообразование |
sub- |
|
|
subunit |
|
подразделение |
super- |
|
|
supercharge |
|
перегружать |
trans- |
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|
transatlantic |
|
трансатлантический |
under- |
|
|
underline |
|
подчеркивать |
|
|
|
|
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|