Павлова Г.Б. Английский язык. Практический курс. Ч. 1

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2. При глаголах, обозначающих состояние погоды: to snow, to freeze, to rain и т.д.:

It often snows in February. – В феврале часто идет снег.

It was freezing. – Морозило.

3. При обозначении времени, дат, дней недели, обстановки в данном времени или данном месте, расстояния, температуры:

It is early morning. – Раннее утро.

It is five o‟clock. – Пять часов.

It is the third of March. – Третье марта.

It is Monday. – Понедельник.

It is noisy in the room. – В комнате шумно.

It is one kilometer from my house to the Institute. – От моего дома до института один километр.

It is twenty degrees centigrade now. – Сейчас двадцать граду-

сов по Цельсию.

Упражнение 1. Прочитайте и переведите следующие предложения, обращая внимание на без-

личное местоимение it.

1.It is 8 o‟clock.

2.It‟s going to be a nice day.

3.How far is it to the next town?

4.It is usually very warm here in summer.

5.It‟s a long way from here to the airport.

6.It‟s dangerous to walk in the road.

7.It didn‟t take us long to get here.

8.Let‟s go. It‟s not worth waiting any longer.

9.What date is it today? - It is the first of June.

10.Last winter it was very cold.

11.It‟s a pity she can‟t come to the party.

12.It‟s a long time since I last saw you.

Упражнение 2. Переведите предложения на английский язык, используя безличное местоимение it.

1.Сейчас пять часов утра.

2.Холодно!

3.Какое вчера было число? – Десятое января.

4.Далеко ли ехать до вашего института?

5.Идет снег.

6.Было поздно и темно.

7.Какой сегодня день недели? – Вторник.

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8.Плохо! Исправляйте ошибки.

9.Весной ветрено и сыро.

10.От нас до ближайшего города шестьдесят километров.

11.Здесь интересно.

12.Завтра будет дождь.

Упражнение 3. Заполните пропуски словами there или it.

1._______ will be bad news the day after tomorrow.

2._______ will be cold and wet tomorrow.

3._______ will be warm and sunny next week.

4._______ will be problems with somebody you love.

5._______ will probably difficult to finish the work in time.

6._______ will be a meeting at 8.00 this evening.

7._______ will be a public holiday next Tuesday.

8.Do you think _______ will be enough food for everybody?

9. We‟re going to Japan for our holiday. – That‟s nice, but _______ will be expensive.

10. We‟re late - _______ will be after ten o‟clock when we arrive. 11. _______ won‟t be many cars on the road this evening.

Упражнение 4. Заполните пропуски словами there, it или they

ссоответствующей формой глагола be:

1._______ five senses. _______ sight, hearing, taste, smell and touch.

2._______ a computer shop in the town center? - Yes, _______ .

_______ in West Street.

3._______ any books about Alfred Hitchcock in the library? – Yes,

_______. _______ in the film section.

4. _______ another Olympic Games in the year 2020. _______ probably

_______ held in Greece.

5.Look. _______ a policeman over there. Can you see him?

6._______ a police station near here? - Yes, _______ . _______ in East Street, _______ far from here.

7.How many people _______ at the party last night?

8.I think _______ some snow later this evening.

9._______ a good program on TV this evening. _______ about the history of folk music.

10.Excuse me. _______ a post office near here?

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§ 4. Усилительная конструкция

Для выделения какого-либо члена предложения в английском предложении употребляется особая конструкция it is (was) ... that (who) ..., которая на русский язык

обычно переводится простым предложением с добавлением таких слов, как именно, как раз, только, это и др., причем союз that (who) при переводе опускается.

It was the operative that (who) apprehended the suspect.

Именно (Это) оперуполномоченный задержал подозреваемого.

Таким же образом можно выделить и другой член этого предложения:

It was the suspect that (whom) the operative apprehended.

Именно (Это) подозреваемого задержал оперуполномоченный.

Упражнение 1. Прочтите и переведите следующие предложения, обращая внимание на усилительную конструкцию.

1.I informed the police in the morning.

-It was I who informed the police in the morning.

-It was the police that I informed in the morning.

-It was in the morning that I informed the police.

2.It is the police that establish guilt and are responsible for the whole investigation.

3.It is knowledge of human nature that is important in crime investigation.

4.It was his tone that surprised the witness.

5.It is a search commander who directs crime scene investigation.

6.It is the abuse of drugs that has become a widespread social problem in many countries.

7.It is the study of history that is essential to the understanding of current events.

8.It is a district police officer who represents the police as a state institution for the citizens living around him.

Упражнение 2. Ответьте на вопросы с помощью конструкции it is/was … who/that.

1.Who invented radio? (Marconi)

2.When did Columbus sail to America? (In 1492)

3.What does Tiger Woods play? (Golf)

4.Where did the Olympic Games first take place? (In Greece)

5.Which is nearest the sun, Venus or Mercury? (Mercury)

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ПОВТОРЯЕМ:

указательные местоимения; чтение дат;

суффиксы -ment, -ion,

-ance/-ence, -ing

Упражнение 1. Заполните пропуски подходящими по смыслу указательными местоимениями:

this, that, these those.

1.Are you going out _______ evening? – I can‟t really. I‟ll be working late at the office.

2.I hear you‟ve got a new flat. - _______‟s right. I‟ve just moved in.

3.What‟s the matter? – It‟s _______ boots. They don‟t fit properly.

4.It‟s so boring here. – I know. Nothing ever happened in _______ place.

5.What‟s happened? You look terrible. – You won‟t believe _______, but I‟ve just seen a ghost.

6.What kind of planes are _______? – I don‟t know. They‟re too far away to see properly.

7.The match is three weeks from today. – Sorry, I won‟t be able to play for the team. I‟ll be away all _______ week.

8._______ seats aren‟t very comfortable, are they? – No, I don‟t think I‟ll want to sit here very long.

9.Can I help you? – Hello. _______ is Alan. Can I speak to Fiona, please?

10.Jessica is on a diet. _______‟s why she doesn‟t want to eat out with us.

11.Do you remember _______ summer we all went to Spain? _______

were the days.

Упражнение 2. Переведите предложения и определите, какую функцию в предложении выполняют место-

имения this и that.

1.He‟s always complaining and this is why nobody likes him.

2.That‟s why Max was so pleased with himself. He had just got a new job.

3.I‟ve mended the radiator. I hope this will solve the problem.

4.Finally, Mary told George she was tired of him. I think that‟s what really annoyed him.

5.The engine starts and after a few seconds the light goes on. That‟s when you press the button.

6.The engine‟s all right but the brakes are useless. That‟s why it needs to go into the garage.

7.The traffic was dreadful even though we left home early. That‟s why we‟re late.

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Упражнение 3. Ответьте на вопросы:

For example:

1.What date is it? - It‟s the first of April twenty seventeen.

2.When is payday? - It‟s on the fifth of each month.

3.When were you born? - On the fourth of May nineteen ninety.

Упражнение 4. Прочитайте даты на английском языке:

1.1812, 1905, 1917, 1922, 1945, 1962, 1970, 1989, 1995, 2000, 2007, 2010, 2016, 2020, 2025.

2.7th January, 23rd February, 8th March, 12th April, 9th May, 1st June, 22nd July, 19th August, 11th September, 5th October, 4th November.

3.31st December, 2016; 14th June, 2000; 2nd May, 1987; 28th February, 2014; 3rd July, 1995; 19th September, 2008; 21st January, 2021.

Упражнение 5. Переведите предложения на английский язык.

1.Отец моей жены родился двадцать второго ноября 1965 года.

2.Он поступил в институт в августе 2003 года.

3.Наша семья проживает в Хабаровске с 1980 года.

4.Первого августа 2017 года у меня начинаются летние каникулы.

5.В июне 2010 года мой брат окончил среднюю школу.

6.Мы будет сдавать экзамен по английскому языку пятнадцатого июля 2017 года.

7.Кто из вас родился в 1992 году?

8.Что вы делали первого января 2006 года?

9.Что случилось в ноябре 2016 года?

10.Они совершили преступление девятого февраля 1989 года.

Упражнение 6. Прочитайте и переведите производные слова, обращая внимание на суффиксы -ment, -ance/ -ence, -ion:

to agree (соглашаться) – agreement; to develop (развивать) – development; to employ (нанимать) – employment; to achieve (достигать) – achievement;

-ment to establish (учреждать) – establishment; to govern (управлять) – government;

to settle (разрешать, урегулировать) – settlement; to require (требовать) – requirement;

to enforce (принудительно применять) – enforcement

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Text 1 The Role of Detective in Crime Detection

Text 2 Innovative Tactics Used in Crime Detection

Text 3 Identification Procedures

Used by the Police

Вопросы для обсуждения:

1.What do you know about the main functions of detectives?

2.What makes a good detective? (character features, qualification characteristics)

3.Do you agree with the idea that good detectives are able to solve most crimes?

Слова к тексту 1:

9.cope (with) [koup] v – справляться (с)

10.courage ['kʌriʤ] n – смелость, храбрость

11.crime [kraim] n – преступление

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Text 1

Переведите следующий текст, пользуясь данным выше словарем, и научитесь его бегло читать.

THE ROLE OF DETECTIVE IN CRIME DETECTION

Crime Detection is discovery, identification, and analysis of criminal evidence as a means of law enforcement. The responsibility of law enforcement agencies is to detect crimes, apprehend the perpetrators, and provide evidence that will convince judges and juries that the perpetrators are guilty beyond a reasonable doubt*. To these aims a variety of methods are used, including reconstructing the crime, collecting physical clues, and interrogating suspects and witnesses.

These activities are impossible without de-

tectives whose primary function is to prevent crime and if the crime has been committed – to detect and to apprehend those who are responsible for it and to recover the stolen property. To cope with all these it is necessary to detail the functions in the detective division into homicide, robbery, burglary, larceny, automobile theft and other squads. This specialization per-

mits the detective to concentrate his time and energies in the prevention and investigation of a particular type of criminal activity and to build up a fund of skills and information which makes him efficient in the functional area of his investigation.

Undercover work of a detective is one of the most interesting as-

pects of crime detection. The detective chooses, cultivates and uses the informants who are very helpful in investigative process. The information of the informants concerning the activities of criminal offenders is of great importance in crime prevention and quick and accurate crime solution.

The detection and the apprehension of a criminal and the production of evidence against him is the keystone in the structure of the detective function. The arrest of a suspect occurs when there is a warrant, when an

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offense takes place in the presence of the detective, or when there is probable or reasonable cause for it.

If the detective arrests a person the law provides that he may search the area where the arrest takes place for evidence in the case against the person. The detective may search anyone whom he arrests and should seize any weapons or evidence which he may find on his prisoners.

Not every one has the

qualities to be a detective. The successful detective must possess not only proper law enforcement professional education but also such personal qualities as common sense, courage, discretion, imagination, patience, alertness, memory (especially memory to remember faces), and decisionmaking judgment. In general, detective divisions carry out in police the functions similar to combat elements in military operations.

* beyond a reasonable doubt - вне всякого разумного сомнения

Упражнение 1. Подберите русские эквиваленты к следующим интернациональным словам.

Detective, aspect, cultivate, informant, communication, process, information, officer, militia, activity, criminal, interest, potential, service, organ, prevention, production, structure, system, competent, function, arrest, detail, inspection, identification, division, presentation, automobile, leader, specialization, concentrate, energy, type, collect, incident, professional, personal, police, operations.

Упражнение 2. Найдите в тексте 1 эквиваленты следующих слов и словосочетаний.

Преступная деятельность; вероятная или достаточная причина; выполнять; задержание преступников; вне всякого разумного сомнения; раскрыть дело (полицией); оперативно-розыскная деятельность; благоразумие, усмотрение; боевое (строевое) подразделение; умение правильно вынести решение; представление доказательств (улик); правоохранительные органы; здравый смысл; обыскивать, производить обыск; главная функция; совершать преступление; концентрировать свое время и энергию; использовать осведомителей; арест по-