Павлова Г.Б. Английский язык. Практический курс. Ч. 1

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LEO (July 23 – Aug 23)

Something very strange will happen.

Try to laugh about it and everything will be OK.

VIRGO (Aug 24 – Sept 23)

This will be a terrible week. The weekend will turn out to be the worst time. Stay in bed on Sunday.

Don‟t open the door. Don‟t answer the phone.

LIBRA (Sept 24 – Oct 23)

Your closest friend will bring you bad news the day after tomorrow; but the bad news will turn to good.

SCORPIO (Oct 24 – Nov 22)

You will make an unexpected journey, and you will find something very good at the end of it.

SAGITTARIUS (Nov 23 – Dec 21)

You will have trouble from a person who loves you; and a person who doesn‟t will help you.

CAPRICORN (Dec 22 – Jan 20)

A letter will bring you a very great surprise. If there are problems, a good friend will make things better.

Упражнение 2. Поставьте глаголы, данные в скобках, в Future Simple. Используйте, где возможно, слитносокращенные формы: I‟ll, you‟ll, /…; won‟t.

1.I‟m thirsty. I think I _______ (make) some tea.

2.You‟ve left your computer on. – Oh, I _______ (go) and _______

(switch) it off.

3.We must celebrate. I know, we _______ (have) a party.

4.I don‟t think I _______ (do) any work tonight. I‟m too tired.

5.The west _______ (have) rain tomorrow.

6._______you _______ (be) at home this evening?

7.You _______ (be) late if you don‟t hurry.

8.The cost _______ (not be) more than €50.

9.I _______ (not have) time for a meal.

10.We _______ (know) the results soon.

11._______ I _______ (pack) up your shopping for you? – Oh, thank you.

12._______ we all _______ (go) out together? – Good idea.

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13.I‟m worried about the exam. – Oh, you _______ (be) all right.

14.I haven‟t got any transport. – Oh, we _______ (give) you a lift.

15.I must fix this shelf some time. – We _______ (be) dead before then.

Упражнение 3. Сообщите о своих действиях в данных ниже ситуациях с помощью глаголов answer, carry,

have, post, shut во временной форме Future Simple.

1.You and your friend have come into the room. The window is open, and it is cold. I’ll shut the window.

2.The phone is ringing. You are the nearest person to it.

3.The choice on the menu is fish or chicken. You hate fish.

4.You are meeting a friend at the station. He has two suitcases. There‟s a bag, too.

5.Your friend has written a letter. You are going to walk into town past the post office.

Упражнение 4. Дайте полные ответы на вопросы с помощью следующих наречий:

certainly, probably, certainly not, probably not.

1.Will you live in the same house this time next year?

I will probably not live in the same house next year.

2.Will you live to be 100 years old?

3.Will next year be better for you than this year?

4.Will it rain this evening?

5.Will you do all the exercises in this book?

6.Will you get a lot of presents on your birthday?

7.Will you climb a mountain during the next twelve months?

8.Will doctors discover a cure for cancer before the year 2050?

9.Will there be a world war in the next ten years?

10.Will you speak perfect English one day?

Упражнение 5. С помощью предлагаемых ниже слов сообщите о том, что произойдет в следующие выходные дни.

1.It / be / warm / on Saturday It will be warm on Saturday.

2.Tom / watch / the match

3.Harriet‟s party / be / fun

4.Trevor / not repair / his motorbike

5.Andrew / study / all weekend

6.Rachel / not do / any work

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Упражнение 6. Заполните пропуски глаголами-сказуемыми во временной форме Future Simple

Упражнение 7. Подберите к придаточным предложениям с союзом if соответствующие им по смыслу главные предложения.

1.If you travel at 100 kph in a car,

2.If your parents all have blue eyes,

3.If you travel from England to Scotland,

4.If you speak French,

5.If you get enough money,

6.If you promise to pay me back tomorrow,

7.If the weather is nice tomorrow,

A.you won‟t go through customs and immigration.

B.you certainly buy yourself a new car.

C.you won‟t stop safely in 52m.

D. I‟ll lend you the money.

E. you‟ll go sailing.

F.perhaps your children will have blue eyes.

G.you will understand at least a bit of Italian.

Упражнение 8. Дайте полные ответы на вопросы.

1. At what time will you come to see me if you are not busy tomorrow?

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I shall come to see you at 5 o’clock if I am not busy tomorrow. If I am not busy tomorrow, I shall come to see you at 5 o’clock.

2.What will you do if you have some free time after the lesson?

3.What will you do if your friend asks for your help with English exercises?

4.Where will you go if you have a report to write?

5.What will you do if you need to find some kind of information?

6.What will you do when you come home after the lessons?

7.Where will you go when the summer holidays begin?

8.When will you buy the tickets if you go home for your summer holidays?

9.Who will meet you at the station when you come home?

10.What will you do when you come home for the summer holidays?

Упражнение 9. Заполните пропуски союзами if или when.

1.The house is so big – it‟s a bit frightening at night _______ it‟s dark.

2.Parents suppose they‟ll have more time for themselves _______ the children get older.

3._______ it rains this afternoon, we won‟t water flowers this evening.

4.My mother will move to the country _______ she retires.

5._______ I live to be 100, I‟ll have an enormous birthday party.

6.You‟ll feel much better tomorrow _______ you go to bed early tonight.

7.I don‟t think life will be worth living _______ there is a third world war.

8.We‟ll have an easier time with money after November, _______ we finish paying for the car.

Упражнение 10. Заполните пропуски глаголами-сказуемыми в соответствующей временной форме.

(А):

1.If I _______(have) free time tomorrow, I _______ (come) to see you.

2.I _______ (let) you know when she _______(come).

3.When this lesson _______ (be) over, we _______(have) a break.

4.Before you _______(translate) the text, you _______ (learn) the new words.

5.I _______ (phone) you, when I _______ (arrive).

6.He ______(translate) this article, if you _______(give) him a dictionary.

7.I _______(tell) you everything after I (learn) some new facts.

8.Do you think you _______ (find) a job when you _______ (graduate) from the Institute?

9.If you _______ (not arrive) in time, you _______(not get) a good seat.

10.When I _______ (stop) work, I _______ (travel) round the world.

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§ 2. Конструкция

to be going + Infinitive

- It‟s my birthday soon.

I‟ll be twenty next Friday. - Oh, really?

Are you going to have a party?

-I‟m going to have a meal in a restaurant with a few friends.

-That‟ll be nice.

Наряду с временной формой Future Simple будущее действие выражается конструкцией «to be going + Infinitive».

Этот способ выражения будущего действия употребляется в разговорной речи для обозначения намерения какого-нибудь лица совершить действие или уверенности в его совершении.

I am going to type my report tonight.

Я собираюсь напечатать (напечатаю) свой отчет сегодня вечером.

She is going to do an experiment today.

Она собирается провести (проведет) эксперимент сегодня.

They are going to complain.

Они собираются жаловаться (пожалуются).

Обозначение будущего действия для разных лиц, а также образование отрицательных и вопросительных предложений происходит в соответствии с общими правилами для глагола be.

I am going to watch the next program.

Are you going to watch the next program? – Yes, I am.

He is not going to apply for the job.

Is he going to apply for the job? – No, he is not.

They are going to pay this bill. When are they going to pay this bill?

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Обратите внимание на некоторые отличия в использовании простого будущего времени (Future Simple) и

конструкции to be going + Infinitive.

1. Если на основании какой-либо информации существует уверенность, что действие произойдет, будущее время выражается временной формой Future Simple. Для обозначения действия, которое может произойти в ближайшем времени в результате наблюдения за событиями, употребляется конструкция to be going + Infinitive.

(А) The weather forecast is favorable. I‟m sure the day will be nice.

Прогноз погоды благоприятный. Я уверен, день будет чудесный.

(В) The sun is shining and there isn‟t a cloud in the sky.

I think it‟s going to be a lovely day.

Солнце светит, и на небе ни облачка.

Ядумаю, день будет чудесный.

2.Выразить намерение совершить действие можно как глаго- лом-сказуемым в Future Simple, так и конструкцией to be going + Infinitive. Однако, если решение совершить действие появляется в момент речи о нем, используется временная форма Future Simple. Ранее принятое решение совершить действие выражается с помощью кон-

струкции to be going + Infinitive.

– Would you like to go the theater with us tonight?

(– Хочешь пойти с нами в театр сегодня вечером?)

(A) – Yes, all right. I‟ll go. (B) – Sorry, I can‟t. I‟m going to work

(–Хорошо. Я пойду.) in the library.

(– Извини, не могу. Я собираюсь поработать в библиотеке.)

Упражнение 1. Переведите предложения, обращая внимание на конструк-

цию to be going + Infinitive.

1.I am going to be an inspector of a Criminal Investigation Department.

2.In two years this cadet is going to become an investigator.

3.We are going to fight against crime.

4.The detective is going to apprehend the suspect.

5.This investigator is going to examine the crime scene.

6.These cadets are going to study criminal law next year.

7.My group-mates and I are going to have practice in April.

8.I‟m going to take part in the students‟ scientific conference in May.

9.They aren‟t going to leave Khabarovsk in June.

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10.Are these cadets going to pass exams ahead of time?

11.Where are you going to spend your summer holidays?

12.Who of your friends are going to spend six weeks in the States?

Упражнение 2. Заполните пропуски глаголами-сказуемыми в составе конструкции to be going + Infinitive.

Используйте глаголы, данные в скобках.

1.It‟s nearly nine now. We _______ (be) late.

It’s nearly nine now. We’re going to be late.

2.I‟m sorry, but I _______ (walk) half a mile in the rain.

3.The man in the helicopter _______ (rescue) the man in the water.

4.The Lord Mayor is standing up. He _______ (to make) a speech.

5.I _______ (stop) here for some time to get petrol.

6.You _______ (ask) him to help you?

7.We _______ (make) a lot of money out of this deal.

8.They _______ (try) him for murder when he comes out of the hospital.

9.What you _______ (tell) the police? – I _______ (tell) them the truth.

10.What you ______ (do) with the money? – I ______(spend) it on books.

Упражнение 3. Что бы вы сказали в следующих ситуациях с помощью конструкции to be going + Infinitive? Воспользуйтесь также словами:

be sick, crash, get wet, lose, not stop, rain.

1.The sky is full of dark clouds. It’s going to rain.

2.Now it‟s starting to rain. There‟s nowhere to shelter, and you haven‟t got an umbrella.

3.You feel awful. There‟s a terrible feeling in your stomach.

4.You are playing Scrabble. The game is nearly over and you are 100 points behind.

5.You can see a plane coming down. It‟s out of control and falling to the ground.

6.You are waiting for a train. There‟s one coming, but you don‟t know if it‟s the one you want. It‟s travelling very fast.

Упражнение 4. Объясните выбор временной формы глаголовсказуемых в предложениях.

1.We‟re going to have a meal. There‟ll be ten of us. We‟ll meet at 11 o‟clock.

2.I think our team will win the game.

Our team is 100 points ahead. We are going to win the game.

3.You still haven‟t put those shelves up, Trevor. – OK, I‟ll do it tomorrow.

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You still haven‟t put those shelves up, Trevor. – I know. I‟m going to do it tomorrow.

4.There‟s a post office over there. I‟ll post these letters.

I‟m going out. I‟m going to post these letters.

Упражнение 5. Поставьте глаголы, данные в скобках, во временную форму Future Simple или используйте их в составе конструкции to be going + Infinitive.

1.Have you got a ticket for the play? – Yes, I _______ (see) it on Sunday.

2.The alarm‟s going. It‟s making an awful noise. – OK, I _______ (switch) it off.

3.Did you buy this book? – No, Emma did. She _______ (read) it on holiday.

4.Would you like tea or coffee? – Oh, I _______ (have) coffee, please.

5.I‟m going to miss a good film on TV because I‟ll be out tonight. – I

_______ (video) it for you, if you like.

6.I‟m just going out to get a paper. – What newspaper ______ (you / buy)?

Упражнение 6. Что бы вы ответили на реплику друга? Постройте предложения с использованием временной формы Future Simple или конструк-

ции to be going + Infinitive.

1. You want to express your intention to look round the museum. Your friend: Do you have any plans for this afternoon? You: Yes, I’m going to look round the museum.

2.You hate dogs. Dogs always attack you if they get the chance. Your friend: That dog doesn‟t look very friendly.

You: It‟s coming towards us. _________________________.

3.You predict the landing of aliens on the earth in the next ten years.

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Упражнение 7. Заполните пропуски в следующей газетной статье грамматическими формами will или be going to. Обратите внимание на то, что в некоторых случаях возможны оба варианта.

We have learned this week that the local council has plans for Westside Park in Brickfield. The council ______

(sell) the land to a builder, Forbes and Son. The plans are all ready. “We _______ (build) fifty houses,” said Mr Forbes.

“In two years‟ time everything _______ (be) finished. I‟m sure people

_______ (like) the houses. Most of them _______ (be) for young families. And we intend to take care of the environment. We _______ (cut) down the trees, only a few of them.”

But people living near the park are angry. “This is a terrible idea. We‟re all against it,” said Mrs Mary Brent. We _______ (have) a protest march on Saturday. I expect everyone in Brickfield _______ (be) there.

We‟ve reached our decision. We _______ (stop) this plan.”

§ 3. Модальные глаголы

Модальные глаголы – это особая группа глаголов, выражающих не действие или состояние, а отношение говорящего к действию или состоянию, т.е. возможность, способность, вероятность, необходимость или желательность совершения действия.

Модальные глаголы не имеют неличных форм – инфинитива, причастия и герундия, они не изменяются ни по лицам, ни по числам. В 3-м лице единственного числа настоящего времени модальные гла-

голы не имеют окончания -s.

Модальные глаголы must, should, can, may, need not упо-

требляются в сочетании с глаголами в форме инфинитива без частицы to. После модального глагола ought следует глагол в форме инфинитива с частицей to.

You must be at home by 11 o‟clock.

Ты должен быть дома к 11 часам.

He can meet you tomorrow morning.

Он может встретить вас завтра утром.

You ought to do it now.

Тебе следует сделать это сейчас.