- •1. “To be” and its functions.
- •I. Make the following sentences negative and translate them:
- •II. Ask general questions and give the short answers:
- •III. Make the following sentences negative and interrogative and translate them:
- •III. Make the sentences negative and translate them:
- •3. Simple Tenses (Active / Passive)
- •Put the sentences in the Past and Future Simple Tense:
- •Make the following sentences negative and interrogative and translate them:
- •Make up all possible kinds of questions:
- •IV. Translate the sentence, state the tense and the voice of the verbs:
- •V. Define the predicates of the following simple sentences. Translate the sentences:
- •VI. Define the tense-forms of the verbs in the following sentences and translate them:
- •VII. Translate the following sentences:
- •VIII. Translate the sentences paying attention to the form of the verb in the subordinate clause of time and condition:
- •IX. Say the following sentences in the Past Simple (Active). Don’t forget to make the necessary changes:
- •X. Translate the sentences. Pay attention to the verbs in the Passive Voice.
- •XI. Say the following sentences in the Simple Passive. Use the words in heavy type as the subjects of your sentences.
- •XII. Say the following sentences in Ukrainian. Take into account the possible ways of translating the passive voice.
- •4. Continuous Tenses (Active / Passive)
- •Translate the following sentences:
- •Translate the following sentences paying attention to the Passive Voice:
- •Define the tense-forms of the verbs in the following sentences. Translate the sentences:
- •IV Read the following sentences and say which of them are in the Active and which are in the Passive Voice. Translate them:
- •V. Translate the following word-groups. Pay attention to the tense-forms of the predicates:
- •VI. Analyse the functions of the verb to be. Translate the sentences:
- •5. Perfect Tenses (Active / Passive)
- •I. Translate the following sentences paying attention to the use of perfect forms:
- •II. Make the sentences interrogative and give short answers:
- •III. State the tense forms and translate the following sentences:
- •IV. Translate the following sentences paying attention to the Passive Voice:
- •V. State the tense forms of the verbs and translate the sentences:
- •IX. Compare the use of the Past Simple and the Present Perfect in the following sentences, translate them
- •X. Define the functions of the verb to have in the following sentences. Translate them:
- •6. Sequence of Tenses
- •I. Translate the sentences paying attention to the sequence of tenses:
- •II. Change the sentences from direct into reported speech. Mind the rule of sequence of tenses:
- •III. Compare the pairs of sentences paying special attention to the tense form of a predicate in the main clause and sub clause.
- •IV. Translate the sentences paying particular attention to the modal verbs and its equivalents in the sub clauses.
- •7. Modal Verbs
- •I. Translate the following sentences. Pay attention to the modal verbs:
- •III. Translate the sentences. Pay attention to the use of modal verbs and their equivalents:
- •IV. Translate the following sentences paying attention to modal verbs with Perfect Infinitive:
- •V. Translate the sentences and explain the use of modal verbs:
- •VII. Translate the following sentences. Pay attention to the form of the infinitive.
- •8. Nouns as Attributes
- •I. Translate the following sentences. Pay attention to the underlined attributive word-combinations.
- •II. Choose the appropriate translation for the given word-combinations.
- •9. Degrees of Comparison of Adjectives and Adverbs
- •IV.Translate the following sentences. Pay attention to the degrees of comparison of adjectives.
- •V. Translate the sentences. Pay attention to the degrees of comparison:
- •VI. Translate the following sentences:
- •10. Quantifiers: some/any/no/much/few/little.
- •I. Make the following sentences interrogative. Pay attention to the use of “some”, “any”, “no” and their derivatives.
- •II. Translate the following sentences.
- •III. Fill-in the blanks with many, much, little, few, a little, a few.
- •I. Translate the following sentences. Pay attention to the use of participles:
- •XIV. Choose the sentences with the Absolute Participial Clause from the ones given below. Translate them:
- •XX. Translate the sentences paying attention to the participles and participle clauses:
- •VIII. Translate the following sentences. Note the words which help you to define whether the word with the suffix -ing is a Verbal Noun, a Gerund or a Participle:
- •III. Define the types of conditional clauses in the following complex sentences and translate them:
- •IV. Define the functions of should and would. Translate the sentences:
- •V. Translate the sentences paying attention to the verbs in Subjunctive Mood:
- •VI. Translate the sentences using one of the ways given in the example:
- •VII. Translate the sentences paying attention to the verbs in Subjunctive Mood:
- •VIII. Translate the sentences paying attention to the meanings of "should":
- •IX. Translate the sentences paying attention to the meanings of "would":
- •X. Translate the following conditional sentences paying attention to emphatic inversion:
- •15.Inversion.
- •I. Translate the sentences with inversion:
- •II. Translate the sentences with inversion paying attention to the place of the predicate:
- •IV. Translate the sentences with inversion beginning with the word "so"(також):
- •V. Translate the sentences with inversion paying attention to the conjunctions "as" and "though":
- •VI. Translate the sentences using inversion:
- •VII. Translate the sentences with inversion:
- •16. Elliptic Sentences.
- •I. Translate the following elliptic sentences:
- •II. Translate the following groups of words and sentences with ellipsis:
- •IV. Translate the following sentences with ellipsis:
- •17. “It”, “that” / “those”, “one” / “ones”, “both…and”; “either…or”; “neither…nor”, “since”, “as” “for”.
- •II. Translate the following cleft sentences
- •It is …that (who, which),
- •It is not until…that.
- •Translate the sentences. Pay attention to the meanings of “that” / “those”
- •18. Complex Sentences (Zero “that”- clause).
IV. Translate the sentences with inversion beginning with the word "so"(також):
Copper readily allows electric current to flow through it and so does silver.
As the art of electronics itself develops, so will the changes be felt throughout the whole field of computing.
Sputnik II provided one of the simplest and, at the same time, most sensitive methods of receding the intensity of micrometeors, so did sputnik III.
The glass rod if rubbed with silk attracts small objects, so does the sealing wax.
V. Translate the sentences with inversion paying attention to the conjunctions "as" and "though":
Example:
Important as this problem is in itself...
Хоча ця проблема і є важливою...
Little though the probability of a collision of rockets and large meteors may be, the possibility still exists.
Useful as electron tubes are, they are not essential to the successful operation of electronic devices.
Uncertain though information about meteoritic input to the earth's atmosphere may be, the satellite data indicated an estimate of 800,000 to 1 million tons per day.
Difficult as it is to observe the surface markings of Mercury, it is far more difficult to obtain any certain evidence of an atmosphere.
Simple as it seemed at its discovery, the neutron is now known to be a very complex object.
Lightweight though titanium is, it in certain respects exceeds in strength some of the best grades of steel.
VI. Translate the sentences using inversion:
На малюнку зображений циклотрон.
Навколо ядра розміщені електрони.
З тягою двигуна тісно пов’язана вага літака.
До кожної льотної школи прикріплені інструктори.
У цьому розділі описуються основні види снарядів.
the cyclotron, on the photo, is shown
the nucleus, the electrons, are surrounding
with thrust, the weight of the airplane, is associated
to every pilot school, instructors, are attached
in ill is chapter, the main types of missiles, are described
VII. Translate the sentences with inversion:
The book attempts to give a fairly detailed description of the first astronautical experiments made from artificial satellites. Given also are some of the theoretical investigations that have gone along with these experiments.
Rutherford and Nieds Bohr came to the conclusion that the atom consisted of a central core, the nucleus, having a positive electric charge. Revolving around it in various orbits are a number of negative electrons.
Prior lo flight, all operational equipment that can be operated on the ground is "run" and its functioning is checked. Included are engines, flight controls, radios, navigational instruments, etc.
The basic properties inherent to the materials used for electromagnets and permanent magnets are considered in this chapter. Included are the calculations of magnetic circuits and some facts about the earth's magnetism.
As the velocity of an electron increases so does its kinetic energy.
Neither the protons nor the neutrons or electrons involved in the process of fission disappear. Nor do they become smaller.
Little as it is this thermal radiation can be detected from the Sun's surface at very short radio wavelengths.
Only within comparatively recent times has it been widely accepted that the Earth, rather than the sky, rotates.
Although the biosphere is mainly composed of hydrogen, carbon, nitrogen and oxygen, other elements are essential constituents of living matter. Notable among them are phosphorus and sulfur.
A few materials, notably the transition elements Co, Ni, Fe, exhibit ferromagnetic behavior. Not only are they attracted very strongly by a magnetic field but they often have a strong magnetic moment even in the absence of an external magnetic field.