Contents:

1. “To be” and its functions.

2. “To have” and its functions.

3. Simple Tenses (Active/Passive).

4. Continuous Tenses (Active/Passive).

5. Perfect Tenses (Active/Passive)

6. Sequence of Tenses.

7. Modal Verbs.

8. Nouns as Attributes.

9. Degrees of Comparison of Adjectives and Adverbs.

10. Quantifiers: some / any / no / much / few / little.

11. Infinitive. Complex Object. Complex Subject. For + Noun + Infinitive Clause.

12. Participle. Nominative Absolute Participle Clause.

13. Gerund. Gerund Clause. “Ing” – forms.

14. Complex Sentences (Zero “that”- clause).

15. Inversion.

16. Elliptic Sentences.

17. “It”, “that”/ “those”, “one”/ “ones” (“both…and”; “either…or”; “neither…nor”).

18. Subjunctive Mood. Conditional Sentences. Modals + Perfect Infinitives.

1. “To be” and its functions.

I. Make the following sentences negative and translate them:

1. It is difficult to differentiate between those methods.

2. The value of this resistor is constant.

3. These electrodes are of the same material.

4. That element is a capacitor in the circuit.

5. These materials are insulators.

6. This invention is of great importance.

7. This is a special device to measure the current.

II. Ask general questions and give the short answers:

1. The flow of electrons through a conductor is similar to the flow of water.

2. The practical unit of current is the ampere.

3. The ohm is the practical unit of resistance.

4. The resistance of a conductor is proportional to its length.

5. Series and parallel circuits are the most important.

6. These sources of current are primary batteries.

7. The portion of a wave above the zero current is the positive half cycle.

8. The period is the time required for one cycle of current.

9. Inductance, capacitance and resistance are the circuit constants.

10. These examples are illustrations.

III. Make the following sentences negative and interrogative and translate them:

1. There are various kinds of electric current here.

2. There is an electric current in that conductor.

3. There is a trouble in the main line.

4. There are some orbits in this is atom.

5. There are five main parts in this complicated device.

IV. Put the sentences in the Past and Future Simple Tense:

1. There are many types of computers.

2. An electronic computer is a large complex device.

3. There are some kinds of electron tubes in use.

4. A capacitor is one of the main elements of a circuit.

5. The function of insulators is to isolate the metal plates and to prevent a short.

6. The most common meters are the ohmmeter, the voltmeter, and the ammeter.

2. “To have” and its functions.

1. Ask all possible kinds of questions:

1. All substance have some ability to conduct the electric current.

2. A modulated current has variable amplitude.

3. An electronic computer has five main parts.

4. A pentode has two electrodes and three grids.

5. That cubic lattice has atoms at the corners and at the centre of the cube.

6. Variable capacitors have air insulators.

7. When a capacitor has a trouble it does not store energy.

II. Give short answers to the following questions:

1. Do electrical devices have a wide application in every house?

2. Do triodes have their greatest use as amplifiers?

3. Does the current flowing in the circuit have a steady value?

4. Do generators have an armature and an electromagnet?

5. Did you have a seminar yesterday?

6. Will you have every opportunity to master your knowledge?

7. Did they have any transformers in the system to reduce the

voltage?

8. Do these machines have an automatic program?

III. Make the sentences negative and translate them:

1. That apparatus has moving parts.

2. These instruments have large scales.

3. The current transformer will have about 160 turns in the secondary winding.

4. These instruments have two moving coils.

5. That machine had some disadvantages some months ago.