Grammar review:

Present Continuous

Употребление:

Настоящее продолженное время обозначает:

• действие, происходящее в настоящий момент

He is playing computer now.

Look! He is crossing the street.

She is listening to the radio at the moment.

• действие в виде непрерывного процесса

The Earth is rotating.

It is raining outside.

• будущее действие, если оно запланировано

The plane is arriving at the airport at 7 pm.

They are leaving Moscow next week.

Некоторые глаголы не употребляются в Continuous. Это глаголы, обозначающие чувственное восприятие (to hear, to see), умственную деятельность (to know, to understand, to remember), желания (to wish, to want), чувства (to love, to hate, to like).

Образование:

Present continuous: am/is/are + Participle I (-ing)

Утвердительная форма	Отрицательная форма	Вопросительная форма
I am sitting	I am not sitting	Am I sitting?
He is sitting She is sitting It is sitting	He is not sitting She is not sitting It is not sitting	Is he sitting? Is she sitting? Is it sitting?
We are sitting You are sitting They are sitting	We are not sitting You are not sitting They are not sitting	Are we sitting? Are you sitting? Are they sitting?

I am =I’m

He is = He’s

We are = We’re

is not = isn’t

are not = aren’t

Практические задания:

1. Is the sentence right or wrong?

a. He is going to work now.

b. She reading a book at the moment.

c. They are write essays for the university newspaper.

d. My brother are coming tomorrow.

e. The students are having a lecture now.

2. Make the sentences negative:

a. He is doing the English exercises.

b. We are dancing now.

c. They are downloading software from the Internet.

d. She is having an exam at the moment.

e. I am correcting the mistakes in the newspaper article.

3. Ask the questions to the sentences:

a. We are having a lecture.

b. The students are working at the computer class now.

c. The students are spending much time communicating on-line.

d. He is watching TV.

e. I am writing a message for you.

4. Use the correct form of the verb :

a. She (to help) me to solve a difficult problem.

b. They (to go) to help their grandmother in the garden.

c. Alex (to record) his favourite music.

d. Kate (to sweep) the floor.

e. I (to translate) a difficult article from French into Russian.

5. Translate into English:

a. Смотри! Кто-то бежит сюда.

b. Кто едет на той красной машине?

c. Я сейчас делаю домашнее задание.

d. Она занята сейчас. Она разговаривает по телефону.

e. Мы чертим курсовую.

Past Continuous

Употребление:

Прошедшее продолженное время (Past Continuous) обозначает:

• действие, имевшее место в определенный момент в прошлом, который обозначен либо обстоятельством времени, либо другим действием в прошлом. При этом ни начало, ни конец длительного действия неизвестны. Подчеркивается процесс действия и его продолжительность.

I was writing a letter at 5 o’clock.

I was writing a letter when my mother came.

• действие, протекавшее в определенный период в прошлом

I was writing a composition the whole day yesterday.

I was waiting for you from six to seven p.m.

Образование:

Past Continuous: was/were + Participle I (-ing)

Утвердительная форма	Отрицательная форма	Вопросительная форма
I was sitting	I was not sitting	Was I sitting?
He was sitting She was sitting It was sitting	He was not sitting She was not sitting It was not sitting	Was he sitting? Was she sitting? Was it sitting?
We were sitting You were sitting They were sitting	We were not sitting You were not sitting They were not sitting	Were we sitting? Were you sitting? Were they sitting?

was not = wasn’t

were not = weren’t

Практические задания:

1. Is the sentence right or wrong? :

a. He was passing his exam at 9 o’clock.

b. She was reading books at night.

c. We were walking from 5 to 8 pm.

d. My brother was typing a report when I came.

e. The children watching cartoons.

2. Make the sentences negative:

a. He was packing things for the trip.

b. We were eating breakfast when he called.

c. They were cooking all together.

d. She was standing behind the door.

e. I was reading an English book the whole evening yesterday.

3. Ask the questions to the sentences:

a. We were working when he came in.

b. The students were having practice training when they heard an alarm signal.

c. While I was working in the garden, I hurt my finger.

d. At night he was listening to music.

e. From 6 to 8 am on Saturday they were playing tennis.

4. Use the correct form of the verb:

a. She broke a tooth when she (eat) nuts.

b. They (help) their grandmother, when the rain started.

c. Alex (to meet) with his friends the whole evening yesterday.

d. It (rain) when we went out from the theatre.

e. When Nancy came in, she (drink) Cola.

5. Translate into English:

a. Он ехал на машине 6 часов.

b. Они смотрели телевизор, когда пришла мама.

c. Все студенты сидели в аудитории, когда зашел профессор.

d. Она писала эссе с 4 до 7 вечера вчера.

e. Я пошел домой, а они сидели в кафе.

Future Continuous

Употребление:

Будущее продолженное время (Future Continuous) обозначает будущее действие в процессе его совершения, которое закончится до определенного момента в будущем. Это время также употребляется для выражения намерения совершить действие в будущем или уверенности в его совершении:

He will be updating computer programs the whole day tomorrow.

At midnight she will be sleeping.

At 10 o’clock next Monday I shall be having an exam.

Образование:

Утвердительная форма	Отрицательная форма	Вопросительная форма
I shall be playing	I shall not be	Shall I be?
He will be playing She will be playing It will be playing	He will not be She will not be It will not go	Will he be? Will she be? Will it be?
We shall be playing You will be playing They will be playing	We shall not be You will not be They will not be	Shall we be? Will you be? Will they be?

shall not =shan’t

will not = won’t

Практические задания:

1. Is the sentence right or wrong?

a. He will passing his exam until 12 o’clock.

b. She read books after lunch.

c. They will be writing essays for the university newspaper till next week.

d. My brother will be coming back tomorrow.

e. Their friends will be living at the hostel until graduating from the university.

2. Make the sentences negative:

a. He will be playing piano this evening.

b. We shall be sailing by boat for two days.

c. When I come, they will be playing computer games for sure.

d. She will be having her practice training this time next semester.

e. I’ll be coming back home this time tomorrow.

3. Ask the questions to the sentences:

a. We shall be playing volleyball at 10 o’clock tomorrow.

b. The students won’t be working in the laboratory at 9 pm tonight.

c. They will be sleeping when I return home.

d. He will be watching TV at this time tomorrow.

e. I’ll be working all day tomorrow.

4. Use the correct form of the verb:

a. What (be) you (do) at 8 pm tonight?

b. When she (come), they (learn) English.

c. Ann (have) picnic tomorrow at 12.

d. I (not sleep), if you come home late at night.

e. Mum (wait) for us until we arrive home.

5. Translate into English:

a. Завтра в это время я буду лететь на самолете.

b. Они будут ждать нас в пять вечера.

c. Я буду смотреть новости по первому каналу.

d. Она будет готовиться к докладу завтра в читальном зале.

e. Профессор не будет принимать экзамен завтра в это же время.

The degrees of comparison of Adjectives.

Степени сравнения прилагательных.

Имена прилагательные (качественные) имеют три степени сравнения: положительную (Positive degree), которая является основной, сравнительную (Comparative degree) и превосходную (Superlative degree).

Существует три способа образования степеней сравнения английских прилагательных:

• при помощи прибавления суффиксов -er и –est к основной форме:

The Kama is a long river.

The Volga is longer than the Kama.

The Volga is the longest river in Europe.

• за счет употребления слов more и most перед основной формой:

This book is interesting.

This book is more interesting than the film.

This book is the most interesting among all that I have read.

• путем образования степеней сравнения от разных корней:

good – better – the best

bad – worse – the worst

much, many – more – the most

little – less – the least

Некоторые прилагательные имеют по две формы в сравнительной и превосходной степенях:

older – the oldest

old

elder – the eldest

farther – the farthest

far

further – the furthest

later – the latest

l ate

latter – the last

Практические задания: