Завдання для самостійної роботи студентів (срс)

Перекладіть наступні словосполучення: неспроможнiсть рухатись уражена зона мозку розрив кровоносних судин субарахноiдальний крововилив порушення кровопостачання пiдвищений внутрiшньочерепний тиск втрата свiдомостi миготлива аритмiя попереднiй iнсульт профiлактика рецидиву Дайте відповіді на наступні питання: What is the cause of a stroke? What are the manifestations of CVA? What are the risk factors for stroke? What is hemorrhagic transformation? How does the onset of hemorrhagic stroke differ from that of the ischemic one? Розкрийте поняття: iнсульт,афазiя

Test

1. Stroke can be due to … .

a) cerebral ischemia b) paralysis

c) inability to see one side of the visual field

d) dizziness e) thirst

2. A stroke is … .

a) a chronic brain disease b) a medical emergency

c) paralysis of limbs d) neoplasm e) ulcer

3. Strokes can be divided into two types: … .

a) acute and chronic b) acute and hemorrhagic

c) ischemic and hemorrhagic

d) primary and secondary e) hereditary and nonhereditary

4. The most common predisposed factors for stroke are … .

a) hypertension, diabetes, smoking b) atrial fibrillation, hypotension, vomiting

c) hemiparesis, old age, aphasia d) tenderness, rupture, malaise

e) numbness, fever, constipation

5. Loss of consciousness, headache, and vomiting usually occurs more often in … because of the increased intracranial pressure from the leaking blood compressing the brain.

a) cerebral thrombosis b) cerebral ischemia c) cerebral hemorrhage

d) cerebral tumour e) hemiparesis

6. A 75-year-old woman (to wash up) in the kitchen when she (to fall down) onto the floor.

a) washes up …. falls down b) was washing up …. fell down

c) was washing up …. was falling down d) washed up … had fallen down

e) is washing up … has fallen down

7. The doctor asked the patient … .

a) whether she had taken all prescribed remedies

b) she took all prescribed remedies

c) if she was taken all prescribed remedies

d) if she takes all prescribed remedies

e) whether she will take all prescribed remedies

8. He asked … .

a) how is the affected area of the brain called

b) how was the affected area of the brain called

c) how the affected area of the brain was called

d) how will the affected area of the brain be called

e) how the affected area of the brain had been called

9. The language disorder may result … damage to the dominant Broca's motor speech area.

a) of b) to c) from d) at e) in

10. Damage … Broca's motor speech area leads to aphasia.

a) on b) of c) to d) from e) at

EPILEPSY

Exercise 1. Learn the following words:

epilepsy	[e’pilepsi]	епілепсія
seizure	[si:ȝə]	епілептичний напад
partial	[ ̍pɑ:ʃ(ə)l]	частковий
cease	[si:s]	припиняти
bisynchronous	[bai ̍siƞkrənəs]	бісинхронний
posture	[̍pᴐsʧə]	поза, положення
unconscious	[ʌn ̍kᴐnʃəs]	непритомний
awareness	[ə ̍weənes]	усвідомленість
hallucination	[həlu:si ̍neiʃn]	галюцінація
idiopathic	[idiə ̍pᴂθik]	ідіопатичний

Exercise 2. Match the words with their translation:

tonic-clonic	часткове затьмарення свідомості
unconscious	бісинхронічні імпульсні викиди
confusion	утворення рубця
bisynchronous spike discharges	фокусний
scarring	тонічно-клонічний
focal	непритомний

Exercise 3. Match the medical terms with their definitions:

epilepsy	a perception in the absence of stimuli
unconsciousness	a sudden involuntary contraction of a muscle or a hollow organ
cyanosis	a transient symptom of abnormal excessive or synchronous activity in the brain
seizure	complete or partial lack of responsiveness to people or other environmental stimuli
spasm	a common and diverse set of chronic neurological seizures
hallucination	the appearance of blue or purple coloration of the skin due to the lack of oxygen

Exercise 4. Translate the following word combinations:

Recurrent seizure, sudden onset, structural damage, partial and generalized seizures, to fall to the ground, result in cyanosis, urinary incontinence, to cease movements, state of confusion, brief spells of unconsciousness, bisynchronous spike and wave discharges, intermittent photic stimulation, clouded awareness, temporal lobe, focal lesions.

Exercise 5. Complete the words in the following sentences by adding a prefix. Choose from the following: un-, in-, im-, ir-, dis-.

1. An epileptic seizure is ___controlled, chaotic electrical activity in the brain. It alters consciousness and may bring on ___ voluntary movements. Epilepsy may be the result of chemical ___balance but more often the cause is ___known.

2. In a grand mal epileptic seizure, the victim falls to the ground___conscious and makes twitching movements which may last for several minutes. In a petit mal seizure, the victim may be__aware of things around him for up to thirty seconds but seldom loses consciousness.

3. In temporal lobe epilepsy, a seizure may result in the victim having ___rational feelings of anger or fear.

4. Following a stroke, many patients are left with some sort of ____ability.

5. Brain cells starved of blood are _____able to communicate with the parts of the body they are responsible for.

Exercise 6. Read and translate the text: