I think … is useful/helpful when dealing with stress as it…

I think …is useless when dealing with stress since it…

I don’t think … is useful/helpful when dealing with stress as it...

I don’t think there is any use in … since it…

1. Doing exercise.  2. Division of labor (delegating your responsibilities at work, or sharing them). 3. Assertiveness (ability to refuse if something is not your responsibility).  4. Consuming alcohol and drugs.  5. Consuming caffeine.  6. Balancing nutrition.  7. Setting aside some time for yourself. 8. Breathing.  9. Talking to express your thoughts and worries.  10. Seeking professional help. 11. Using relaxation techniques (mediation, massage, or yoga).

Task 24. Make up a dialogue between a social worker and their service-user in which a social worker tries to discover the roots of stress, explain physiological reactions to it, and give advice on how to manage stress.

Task 25. Use the information from this unit and find additional information on Internet to prepare a presentation on the following problems:

• Other stress management techniques

• Stress symptoms and manifestations

• Positive effects of stress

• Causes of stress

• Negative effects of stress

Unit 6 Social Maturity

Grammar

Present Perfect Active

Present Perfect Simple используется:

1. для обозначения действий, которые совершены недавно или некоторое время назад, но результаты таких действий значимы и актуальны в момент создания высказывания. В предложениях данного типа: The clinical psychologist has just counseled the patient who has experienced a significant psychic trauma. Lately I have read some publications of empirical research concerning the assessment methods and outcomes of social work practice. There have been some recent welfare changes.

2) для обозначения действий, которые совершены, а период времени, в который они произошли, еще продолжается. При этом используются такие временные маркеры, как: today, this morning, this evening, this week, etc. Today I’ve counseled a teen about abortion. This week I’ve managed ten fieldwork cases.

3) для сообщения о том, что сделано или не сделано в течение периода времени до настоящего момента, констатации собственного опыта. В таких предложениях могут употребляться следующие слова: before, so far, never, ever, twice, four times, etc. Have you ever had the experience of working with people of a race or sexual orientation different from yours? He has never practiced in family services.

4) для представления действий, которые начались в прошлом и продолжаются или закончились к настоящему моменту. В данном случае широко используются такие маркеры, как for, since: I have been within my current post as a team manager in mental health for a while. He has been a social worker in child protection since he completed post-graduate courses in children services.

Для формального построения Present Perfect Active используется глагол have, а также Participle II, то есть глагол + окончание –ed или третья форма глагола (для неправильных глаголов). В третьем лице единственного числа вместо have используется форма has: I/you/we/they have instructed…; He/she/it has … .instructed

Для выражения отрицательного значения используется отрицательная частица not, которая ставится после have/has.

Вопросительная форма образуется путем постановки глагола have/has в позицию перед подлежащим: Have you handled…? Has he handled…?

Past Perfect Active

Past Perfect Active используется для обозначения:

1) действий, завершившихся на определенный момент прошлого, который может быть обозначен либо при помощи отдельных слов (by that time, by 3 yesterday, etc.), либо посредством целого предложения (построенного в Past Simple). В последнем случае действие, обозначаемое временем Past Perfect Active, завершается на момент начала второго действия, маркируемого Past Simple: The family group session had already begun when I came. By that time she had already overcome the fear of being alone and being a divorced mom.

2) действий, начавшихся в прошлом и закончившихся или продолжающихся на более поздний момент прошлого: By the time the patient was discharged from the hospital, the social worker had set up an aftercare program for him and educated the patient and his family about provision of supportive services for post-hospitalization.

Средствами формального выражения Past Perfect Active являются глагол had, за которым следует Participle II, то есть глагол с окончанием –ed или третья форма глагола (для неправильных глаголов). Отрицательная форма образуется при помощи частицы not, которая ставится после had. Вопросительная форма образуется путем постановки глагола had в позицию перед подлежащим.

Future Perfect Active

Future Perfect Active используется для обозначения действий, которые будут завершены к определенному моменту будущего: I hope home-based therapy will be completed by that time.

Для формального выражения этого времени используются: глагол will + have + глагол с окончанием –ed или третья форма глагола (для неправильных глаголов). Отрицательная форма образуется при помощи частицы not, которая ставится после will. Вопросительная форма образуется путем постановки глагола will в позицию перед подлежащим.

Task 1. Answer the questions, saying Yes and using the verb suggested in the Present Perfect Tense. Make sure you know the principal forms of the irregular verbs given before doing the exercise.

Is your report ready? (write) – Yes, I have written it. Is his presentation ready? (prepare) –Yes, he has prepared it.

1. Do you know how to work with a computer? (use)

2. Does he know how to operate this sort of equipment? (use)

3. Is your room clean? (do)

4. Does she know this material? (learn)

5. Does the clinical psychologist know this client? (see)

6. Do you know how to use these methods of patient assessment? (apply in practice)

7. Does she know how to interview the client? (question)

8. Does she know that this patient has some emotional problems? (undertake an assessment and interview)

9. This client needs referral to some additional services provided by either other mental health professional or by a support group (help the client to get a referral)

10. This client has been laid off recently and has been in a depression for months. (assess the client’s background and his present situation and develop treatment plan for him)

11. The client’s family is interested in the nature of the mental health condition of their loved one. (counsel the family on how to help the client)

12. Do you keep treatment records of this client? (write the notes after the treatment session).

Task 2. Answer the questions saying No and using the verb suggested in the Present Perfect Tense. Use ‘yet’ in your answers. Make sure you know the principal forms of the irregular verbs given before doing the exercise.

Do you know the news? (hear) – No, I haven’t heard it yet.

1. Do you know that man? (see)

2. Does the girl know her biological father and siblings? (meet)

3. Are you aware of this girl’s concerns? (speak to her about her concerns)

4. Does the social worker know whether her family history is positive for mood disorders? (interview her family)

5. Do you know that this client suffers from delusions? (look at his case history)

6. Can I have a look at this patient’s notes? (finish the notes)

7. Do you know why they seeking psychotherapy? (ask)

8. Does the social worker know that they have been married for 23 years? (find it out)

9. Do you know what has brought this client to your office? (ask)

10) Does the patient know that he is HIV positive? (learn)

Task 3. Answer the questions, using the words suggested.

How long have you studied English? (for a year) – I have studied it for a year.

1. How long have you counseled this client? (for an hour)

2. How long have you prepared a report for legal action? (for at least three days)

3. How long have you smoked? (for years)

4. How long have you provided individual tutoring to this high school student? (for a year and a half)

5. How long has she tried to quit smoking? (for months)

6. How long has he lived in a temporary foster home? (for two months)

7. How long have you been in your foster mother’s care? (for a while)

8. How long have they maintained relationship with their foster mother? (for two years)

9. How long has the social worker interviewed this client? (for two hours)

10. How long has the patient had the feelings of uncertainty about his future? (for some time)

11. How long has she had a severe depression? (for two years)

12. How long has he been on medications? (for several months)

13. How long has the patient stayed in the hospital? (for three weeks)

Task 4. Use the Past Perfect Tense of the verb suggested to complete the sentences. Follow the example:

(work too hard the day before) She felt tired because she … She felt tired because she had worked too hard the day before.

1. (drink too much the night before)

She couldn’t get out of bed the next morning because she …

2. (take too many sleeping pills the previous night)

She wasn’t able to wake up the next morning because she …

3. (drink too much some hours before)

He got into a car accident because he …

4. (physically abuse his wife on many occasions)

He was ordered by the courts to attend a batterers' intervention program because …

5. (fail to meet her emotional needs)

She filed for divorce from her husband because he …

6. (we drive all through the night)

My husband and I felt very sleepy and tired because …

7. (undertake a lot of visits to the children placed under her supervision)

The social worker was very tired at the end of the day because she …

8. (face over the past few weeks)

The client felt frustrated because of the situation he …

9. (experience severe childhood abuse)

The girl looked stressed because she …

Task 5. Join the following pairs of sentences by making one of them a clause with the verb in the Past Perfect Tense. Use the conjunctions ‘after, before, until, when’.

He died. He was very ill. (before) He had been very ill before he died.

1. They broke up. Mark ignored Manny for months. (before)

2. They moved into a more rural setting. They lived in a metropolitan area. (before)

3. She came to a counseling clinic. She was on heroin for two years. (when)

4. The adoptive parents told him about the adoption. This boy didn’t experience any problems. (until)

5. He realized that he couldn’t be happy living like that. He had five marriages. (before)

6. He was discharged from the hospital. He spent months in the hospital recovering from multiple fractures due to a car accident. (before)

7. He relapsed into alcohol and drug abuse due to his mother’s death. He stayed clean from alcohol for two years. (when)

8. Her parents separated. She didn’t show signs of depression. (until)

9. She presented to her physician. She took antidepressant medications for many years. (before)

10) He presented to his physician. He attended Alcoholics Anonymous meetings for a while). (before)

11) He witnessed domestic violence between his parents. 4-year-old Tommy was placed in foster care. (after)

Task 6. Answer the questions in the Future Perfect Tense, using the given suggestions. Follow the pattern.

Will you still be a student next June? (graduate) – Oh, no, I’ll have already graduated from the University.

1. Will this boy still be in a foster family next year? (come back to his biological mother)

2. Will she still be under medical supervision next month? (be discharged and come back from the hospital)

3. Will this girl still be at school next year? (be expelled from school for smoking, ignoring the rules and playing truant)

4. Will this elderly man still be in the hospital next week? (come back to his home)

5. Will the girl still be with her biological mother who doesn’t take care of her next month? (enter foster care)

6. Will she still be at risk of being abused by her husband? (the police/remove him from the family)

7. Will you still be on the list of people on the organ waiting list next year? (receive a transplant)

8. Will he still need counseling on how to cope with a difficult situation next week? (consult telephone counseling service)

9. Will she still be at home at 8 p.m.? (go out with her friend)

10. Will this patient still be resistant to the treatment tomorrow? (become complaint with the prescribed treatment)

Task 7. Answer the questions in the Future Perfect Tense, using the given suggestions. Begin your answers with ‘I’m sure. . .’. Follow the given pattern.

Will he still be reading for his exam on Saturday? (pass) – I’m sure he’ll have passed it already.

1) Will you still be taking these medications next month? (stop)

2) Will he still be interviewing the client in an hour? (finish)

3) Will you still be caring for your friend who has met an accident in which he has been hurt next month? (recover)

4) Will they still be attending their family group therapy on Saturday? (finish the course)

5) Will the social worker still be making home visits at 5 p.m.? (return to her office)

6) Will this old lady still be staying in hospital next week? (the doctor/discharge)

7) Will the students still be writing the final test at this time tomorrow? (finish)

8) Will the social worker still be working with your family next week? (interview all family members)

9) Will her guy still be threatening her some time after the break-up? (give it up)

10) Will the social worker still be discussing the treatment plan with you tomorrow? (she/decide on it)

Task 8. Put questions to the words in italics.

1. The General Practitioner has referred the patient to the clinical psychologist. 2. Today I have made an appointment with the clinical psychologist. 3. Australian Association of Social Workers has recently published guidelines on social work practices. 4. This woman has experienced the miscarriage of her baby and the loss of her uncle. 5. The clinical psychologist has prolonged the course of individual therapy as the patient’s condition is not improving. 6. The patient has got into trouble and has to seek professional counseling help. 7. This patient’s condition has considerably improved. 8. Some students of our group have made marked progress in English. 9. The physician has taken the patient’s medical history. 10. He has just repeated his experiment. 11. This child has suffered from autism for years. 12. Several studies have examined the efficacy of treatment interventions for anorexia and bulimia. 13. We have noticed that fewer and fewer students are joining the course. 14. The use of antibiotics has become standard in the treatment of surgical infections.

Task 9. Put the verbs in brackets into correct tense-forms: Present Continuous, Present Perfect, Present Simple.

1. Doctors, nurses and other caregivers … (to provide) medical support, but it … (to be) the responsibility of the social worker to provide the emotional support during what can be a stressful time. 2. I ... (to follow) a strict bed regimen now. 3. The symptoms … (to be) present in this patient for years and they became worse after his wife had a serious automobile accident. 4. The social worker's role … (to be) a varied and complex one, but in all cases, he or she … (to play) a vital part in maximizing wellness during the hospital stay and in easing the transition back home. 5. Helen is a 35 year old and for the past 6 months she … (to have) increasing anxiety and occasional panic attacks. 6. So far I ... not (to obtain) an accurate picture of the causes of her condition. 7. Please ... (to check) our calculations thoroughly. 8. Consultation with the patient’s mother revealed that Elsie … (to experience) difficulty swallowing during the previous two weeks. 9.

At present we ... (to plan) a new research. 10. The latest articles of this author ... (to differ) greatly from his previous works. 11. Now the patient ... (to undergo) an individual psychotherapy. 12. His mother states that her son’s grades … (to decline) significantly during the past 2 years. 13. At present Brie … (to attend) college while living with her parents.14. Jack is a fourth grader from middle-class family, and he … (to have) difficulty with arithmetic since kindergarten.

Task 10. Put the verbs in brackets into correct tense-forms: Past Continuous, Past Simple, Past Perfect.

1. On her first visit to the mental health clinic, Erica … (to cry) and … (to talk) about her failing memory. 2. Further history reveals that Arnie's memory problems … (to begin) about 2 years ago. 3. About three weeks later she ... (to note) general malaise, weakness and loss of appetite. 4. The instructor ... (to give) the students a list of essay topics when somebody ... (to open) the door. 5. A.L., a 20 year old male, … (to present) to the emergency room of a hospital accompanied by his family. 6. While we ... (to prepare) for the experiment, we ... (to have) potential problems with the experimental design. 7. The data presented in Chapter 3 ... (to show) that the mean age of the subjects ... (to be) 35 years. 8. We ... ( to choose) a specific approach to our research and ... (to interview) the study participants personally. 9. Before they ... (to draw) a conclusion, they ... (to investigate) the problem thoroughly. 10. The risks of this method ... (to outweigh) its advantages. 11. The researcher ... (to find) some discrepancy between two experiments. 12. When he … (to present) to the emergency room, he … (to be) sweaty, his eyes … (to be) dilated, and his hands … (to tremble) badly.

Task 11. Put the verbs in brackets into correct tense-forms: Future Continuous, Future Simple, Future Perfect.

1. By the end of the week the social worker ... (to finish) a report for legal action. 2. You ... (to need) to visit the social worker to tell him about what you are concerned with. 3. Laura … (to need) to sign several releases of information so counselors and other treatment providers can contact one other. 4. The doctor ... (to see) patients at this time tomorrow. 5. I hope that early intervention … (to help) prevent deterioration in my mother’s mental health. 6. The pain ... (to subside) after the injection of morphine. 7. There ... (to be) some discussion here on Friday. 8. At this time tomorrow I … (to consult) the family doctor. 9. First, it … (to be) good to discuss with the client her fears.

Task 12. Translate the sentences from Russian into English.

1. На данный момент я уже опросила клиента и членов его семьи и выработала стратегию лечения. 2. В ходе исследования мы установили, почему происходят подобные изменения в настроении. 3. Мы уже рассмотрели преимущества и недостатки различных методов оценки психического состояния клиента. 4. Психолог назначил первый сеанс психотерапии завтра на 10 часов. 5. Как только доктор поставил диагноз, он составил план лечения. 6. Завтра в это время мой сеанс групповой терапии для наркозависимых уже закончится. 7. Социальный работник уже выявил все возможные источники домашнего насилия в этой семье. 8. Он был на кокаине несколько лет, прежде чем смог обратиться с этой проблемой в реабилитационный центр для наркозависимых за помощью. 9. Вы когда-либо работали с клиентами другой расовой принадлежности? 10. Лекция уже завершится к 5 часам. 11. Она чувствовала сильное раздражение, так как провела бессонную ночь. 12. Вам когда-либо кто-либо угрожал? 13. Вы когда-либо испытывали чувство одиночества?