Спряжение глагола в Perfect Progressive Tenses

have been+V_ing

Present

Past

Future

У т в е р д и т е л ь н а я ф о р м а

I

I He She It

had been

I

shall have been working

We You They

have been working

We

He She

will have

He She It

has been working

We You They

working

It been working You They

В о п р о с и т е л ь н а я ф о р м а

I

I

Shall

I we

have been asking?

Have

we you they

been working?

he

she

he

Had

it we you

been working?

Will

she it you

have been working?

Has

he she it

been working?

they

О т р и ц а т е л ь н а я ф о р м а

I

I

had not been

I We

shall not have been working

We You They

have not been working

He She It

He She It You They

will not have been working

He She It

has not been working

We You They

working

Глаголы, которые не употребляются в Progressive Tenses, не употребляются и в Perfect Progressive Tenses. (См. Unit 3)

Времена группы Perfect Progressive не имеют форм страдательного

залога.

EXERCISE 3

Переведите предложения на русский язык, обращая внимание на глаголы в Perfect Progressive Tenses.

1. The judge will have been working there for over twenty five years

when he retires.

2. For several hours the police have been trying to apprehend the criminal.

3. The level of education has not been rising for the last years.

4. Though it has been raining only for some minutes the ground is wet.

5. How long have you been waiting for him?

6. The Government has been exercising supervision over the police

since the first year of its existence.

7. The jury has already been discussing the verdict for an hour but has

not come to unanimous decision.

8. I’d been staring at the computer screen all evening when a solution

suddenly struck me.

Способы выражения будущих действий

В английском языке есть различные способы передачи будущих действий, помимо собственно будущих видовременных форм (Future Simple, Future Progressive, Future Perfect и Future Perfect Progressive). Наиболее употребительны следующие:

1) структура to be going + to-Infinitive выражает действия, которые лицо намерено осуществить или не осуществлять в будущем:

He is not going to speak to his ex-wife again.

Он больше не собирается разговаривать со своей бывшей женой.

2) глагол-сказуемое в Present Progressive употребляется для выра­жения действий, запланированных на ближайшее будущее, и решение в отношении которых уже принято:

The Prime Minister is flying to America tomorrow.

Премьер-министр улетает завтра в Америку.

3) глагол-сказуемое в Present Simple употребляется для выражения действий, которые произойдут в будущем согласно плану, расписанию, программе, договоренности:

The new regulations come into effect from the beginning of the new year.

Новые правила вступают в силу с начала нового года.

4) глагол to be + to-Infinitive употребляется для выражения дейст­вий, которые произойдут в будущем согласно официальной программе, договоренности, приказу, распоряжению:

The Queen is to drive down the main street up to the palace gates.

Королева проследует по главной улице до ворот дворца.

EXERCISE 4

Переведите предложения на русский язык, обращая внимание на способы выражения будущих действий.

1. Hurry up! The train leaves from platform 4 in 20 minutes.

2. Our group is going to meet after college every year.

3. The presidential election is to be held in March.

4. We are leaving for Istanbul in three days.

5. I am seeing my bank manager tomorrow. I am going to ask him for a loan but I expect he will refuse.

6. Jones is to appear in court after a car he was driving killed two pedestrians.

7. My driving license expires in a year.

EXERCISE 5

Раскройте скобки, выбирая правильный вариант. Переведите пред­ложения на русский язык.

1. By the end of next year I (will have been working/ am working) for him for 45 years.

2. The European Parliament (is to introduce/ will introduce) a new law at the next session.

3. The exhibition (will open/ opens) at the British museum next week.

4. Peter (will be expelled/ is expelled) if he (admits/ will admit) his guilt.

5. The government (will raise/ is going to raise) taxes again.

6. By the end of the week his nomination (will have been approved/ will be approved).

7. You (will stay/ are to stay) here until you have apologized.