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Файл:Грамматика английского языка готовимся к централизованному тестированию
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вИДОврЕмЕННыЕ фОрмы ГлАГОлА: ОбОбщЕНИЕ
Видовременные
формы глагола
I
N
D
E
N
T
E
C
O
N
T
N
U
O
U
E
R
E
C
T
P N
E T
R I
F N
E U
C O
T U
Present
F
I
I
I
S
P
F
C
O
S
Past
Future
Present
Past
Future
Present
Past
Future
Present
Past
Future
Образование видовременных
форм глагола
I, we
You ask
They
He, she, it asks
I, we
You asked (II)
They
He, she, it
I, we
You will ask
They
He, she, it
I am
He, she, it is asking
We, you, they are
I was
He, she, it asking
We, you, they were
to be + -ing
I
He, she, it will be asking
We, you, they
I, we have
You, they asked (III)
He, she, it has
I
He, she, it had asked (III)
We, you, they
to have + -ed
I
He, she, it will have asked
We, you, they (III)
I, we have
You, they been asking
He, she, it has
I
He, she, it had been
We, you, they asking
I will have been
to have been + -ing
He, she, it asking
We, you, they
Обстоятельства
времени
usually always
generally seldom
every day sometimes
often never
yesterday
last year
5 days ago
in summer
tomorrow
next year
in 5 days
in summer
now
at present
still
1. at 5 o’clock,
from 3 to 4, while,
the whole day
2. другое действие
ever, never, just, already,
yet, lately, before, today,
this week, all, for, since
1. by 5 o’clock, after,
before
2. другое действие
for, since, all, during
for, all, during
251
I. Выберите один из предложенных вариантов ответа:
1. When you kick the football into the air, the Earth’s gravity … it back
down.
a. is pulling c. pulled
b. pulls d. has pulled
2. Will you be lonely without me while I … away?
a. be c. will be
b. have been d. am
3. I … frequently … a bus to get to work.
a. am; catching c. will; be catching
b. will; catch d. –; catch
4. The amount of digital payments … considerably in the last few
months.
a. increases c. has increased
b. was increasing d. had increased
5. More and more people … social networks to communicate with each
other.
a. have used c. use
b. used d. are using
6. Unfortunately, doctors too rarely … their patients on healthy lifestyle
changes.
a. are advising c. have been advising
b. advise d. had advised
7. I … if I am asked what my age is.
a. am not minding c. have not minded
b. do not mind d. did not mind
8. Erica’s train … at 11 p.m. Will you join me to see her o at the sta-
tion?
a. will have departed c. departs
b. is departing d. will be departing
9. Ed … constantly … his temper with people! He must learn to calm
down.
a. is; losing c. was; losing
b. has; lost d. –; loses
252
10. I … the Internet but still cannot nd an answer to my question.
a. searched
b. was searching
c. have been searching
d. had searched
11. Minsk … the 2010 Junior Eurovision Song Contest.
a. has hosted c. is hosting
b. hosted d. had hosted
12. Mr Newman is really smart. Very dicult intelligence tests … his
favorite hobby.
a. had been c. are being
b. are d. will be
13. This time next month, you … probably … your driving test!
a. will; have passed c. are; going to pass
b. will; pass d. –; pass
14. There’s an old saying that small steps … a long way.
a. are going c. will go
b. go d. have gone
15. Scientists reckon the Greenland ice sheet … within a few decades.
a. will be melting c. is melting
b. melts d. is going to melt
16. My brother is very happy. He … a bag of pencils from a competition
on Twitter.
a. won c. has won
b. wins d. had won
17. “So, why … you … me about yourself?” is the most general interview question.
a. aren’t; telling c. won’t; tell
b. don’t; tell d. haven’t; told
18. A renewed interest in ethnic languages and customs … among many
communities nowadays.
a. spread
b. will be spreading
c. is spreading
d. is going to spread
253
19. The men whose names are on the memorial stone … their lives in
World War II.
a. had sacriced
b. were sacricing
c. have sacriced
d. sacriced
20. I know very few 20-somethings who … their parents full access to
their Facebook account.
a. have allowed
b. allowed
c. are allowing
d. had allowed
21. We have to make our ight reservations in advance as hundreds of
people … for their holidays during the festive period.
a. c. are allowingare leaving
b. c. are allowingwill be leaving
c. are going to leaving
d. will have left
22. The police department … still … the cause of the massive collision
on the highway this morning.
a. is; investigating
b. has; investigated
c. has; been investigating
d. –; investigates
23. Road trac … in Belarus, as it … in every other country in Europe.
a. increased; had
b. is increasing; does
c. will increase; is
d. has increased; has
24. … you … anything next weekend? ~ No, I … any plans yet.
a. Will; do; don’t make
b. Are; doing; haven’t made
c. Will; be doing; didn’t make
d. Do; do; wasn’t making
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25. I … from Rachel for ages when suddenly she … me a text the other
day.
a. had not been hearing; had sent
b. did not hear; has sent
c. had not heard; sent
d. has not heard; sends
II. Раскройте скобки, употребив глагол в требующейся
видовременной форме:
1. Misfortunes (come) on wings and (go) away on foot.
2. I (not give) you a higher mark until you (start) studying harder.
3. Justin (misplace) his mobile phone. He (look) for it all evening.
4. This milk (not smell) too fresh – I think I (throw) it out.
5. Peyton (get) that new job, but he (complain) about it ever since.
6. First you (cook) the onions in a little oil until they (be) golden
brown.
7. No wonder you (be) overweight! You (eat) chocolates all day long!
8. It’s a long time since I (see) your brother Paul. What he (do) lately?
9. My daughter (help) me at the office at the moment until she (start)
university in September.
10. Ivan (sell) his house in the country and (move) to the capital.
11. I am sick of rain and bad weather! Hopefully, when we (wake) up
tomorrow morning, the sun (shine).
12. How long (work) here? ~ Since I (graduate) from the university.
13. You (go) to Eminem’s concert in February? ~ Sure. Actually, I already (buy) the tickets.
14. Oh dear. I never (drive) an automatic car before. ~ Don’t worry, you
soon (get) used to it.
15. A half-century ago, many people (scoff) at the idea that women
(rise) to positions of importance.
16. If you (need) to contact me sometime next week, I (stay) at the
Sheraton in San Francisco.
17. Gracie was meeting someone that night so I (stay) at the office and
(work) for a few extra hours.
18. My laptop (allow) me to work on the move and if I (have) an internet connection and headphones, it can easily become a phone.
255
19. In the play, the author (portray) a young man who (lose) his heart
to a beautiful but cold woman.
20. Everyone (have) their own unique scent, so perfume (smell) slightly
different on each person.
III. Раскройте скобки, употребив глагол в требующейся
видовременной форме:
1. It’s the first time he (be) in front of the camera, but he (hope) his
performance might open a few doors in Hollywood.
2. Don’t we need some groceries? ~ Don’t worry, I already (take) care
of that. I (do) the shopping on the way home.
3. Listen Donna, I don’t care if you (miss) the bus in the morning. You
(be) late to work too many times. You are fired!
4. It is already 9.30 p.m. and I (wait) here for over an hour. If John (not
get) here in the next five minutes, I am going to leave.
5. I (have) a nightmare when the alarm clock (go) off and (wake) me
up.
6. You (pass) the bank when you (go) out? I (need) to top up my mobile account.
7. Since I (be) a young girl, I (obey) my parents and rarely (give) them
a problem.
8. At first I thought I (do) the right thing, but I soon (realise) that
I (make) a serious mistake.
9. So, how often you (go) swimming? ~ I (use) to go every weekend
but now I (not).
10. Carter (serve), Pampas (return) but the ball (go) into the net. Game
to Carter.
11. When you (make) a promise, you tell someone that you definitely
(do) something.
12. I (not recognize) Lisa yesterday with her new hairstyle. It (seem)
that every time I (see) her, she’s changed it.
13. I (tell) Joe many times to tidy up his room but he tells me every time
that he (do) it after he (complete) his school home tasks.
14. We already (make) the hotel reservations for our stay in Bangalore
when we (learn) that our trip (be) postponed.
256
15. If the children (have) the security of knowing their parents deeply
(love) each other, that (lay) the foundation for the whole family.
16. I (see) many pictures of the pyramids before I (go) to Egypt. Pictures of the monuments are very misleading. The pyramids (be) actually quite small.
17. The Maya (establish) a very advanced civilization in the jungles
of the Yucatan; however, their culture virtually (disappear) by the
time Europeans first (arrive) in the New World.
18. I (become) more irritated as I (take) the medicines prescribed by the
dentist but still my tooth (ache) whenever I (wake) up.
19. So what you (do) until now? ~ Well, this morning I (dust) the furniture and (sweep) the floors, and now I (cook) dinner.
20. I (come) with you only if you (drive) more slowly than you usually
(do). ~ I promise I (do) this. Jump in!
IV. Выберите один из предложенных вариантов ответа:
It (1) … many years since the former US president George W. Bush
(2) … the White House. So, what’s he been up to? A lot of painting! His
portraiture hobby (3) … into somewhat of a career.
rd
The 43
exhibition in October 2017. It featured 66 of the former president’s
oil-painted portraits of American military veterans and their stories of
heroism. “People ask me, “(5) … being president?” The answer is ‘not
really’,” Bush told NBC’s Today show. “But I miss saluting people
who (6) … to wear the uniform.”
During the exhibition, Mr Bush (7) … a book of his portraits. It
was announced that the proceeds from the book and the exhibit (8) …
to the George W. Bush Presidential Center, which (9) … for post-9/11
military veterans. Bush also said that he (10) … painting, “to make sure
the last chapters of my life are full.”
1. a. was c. have been
b. had been d. has been
2. a. left c. has left
b. was leaving d. had left
3. a. had recently turned c. recently turns
b. has recently turned d. is recently turning
commander-in-chief (4) … his ‘Portraits of Courage’
257
4. a. holds c. had held
b. held d. has held
5. a. Are you miss c. Do you miss
b. Have you missing d. Had you missed
6. a. volunteers c. will volunteer
b. are volunteering d. have volunteered
7. a. has sold c. had sold
b. was selling d. is selling
8. a. would go c. are going
b. went d. will go
9. a. is advocating c. had been advocating
b. has advocated d. advocates
10. a. has started c. had started
b. was starting d. would start
V. Выберите один из предложенных вариантов ответа:
Your fingernails grow at an average rate of 3.47 mm per month, or
about a tenth of a millimeter per day. If you (1) … a fingernail, it (2)
… up to six months for that nail to completely grow back. The nails
on your dominant hand grow faster than the rest, as (3) … the nails on
your longer fingers. Interestingly, it (4) … that nails tend to grow faster
in summer and during the day. Being younger (5) … associated with a
faster nail growth rate as well. A study published in the 1990s (6) …
one man’s rate of nail growth over the course of 35 years. At the age
of 23, Dr. William Bean (7) … that his left thumbnail grew at a rate
of 0.123 mm per day. By the time he (8) … the age of 67, this rate (9)
… to 0.095 mm per day. This change in speed may be because blood
circulation (10) … with age.
1. a. will lose c. had lost
b. lose d. are losing
2. a. has taken c. will take
b. is taking d. would take
3. a. are c. have
b. do d. were
4. a. had appeared c. is appearing
b. will appear d. appears
258
5. a. has been c. will have been
b. had been d. is being
6. a. will review c. reviews
b. reviewed d. had reviewed
7. a. has observed c. observed
b. had observed d. was observing
8. a. reached c. has reached
b. will reach d. had reached
9. a. has dropped c. will drop
b. dropped d. had dropped
10. a. are slowing c. have slowed
b. slows d. will have slowed
VI. Выберите один из предложенных вариантов ответа:
If you feel like you (1) … or if your hands and feet are constantly
like ice, it may be time to try a cold bath or shower. This unusual advice
comes from a German therapist who (2) … the effects of cold water for
the last 40 years. Most people (3) … that it’s important to keep warm
during the cold weather, with extra clothing and heaters, but research
shows that the opposite is true.
Believe it or not, there are some great benefits to taking cold baths!
Cold water (4) … blood sugar levels, the heart beat and breathing rate.
Many studies (5) … the link between cold water and stress reduction.
Experts have discovered that the rush of cold water (6) … the pores of
your skin and slow down your heart rate. It was also proved that such
treatment (7) … to protect from heart attacks. Besides, those taking
daily cold baths have 50 % fewer colds and breathing problems than
those who (8) … . When (9) … the last time you had a cold shower?
Why not turn the tap to cold the next time you (10) … one?
1. a. always shivers c. have always shivered
b. had always shivered d. are always shivering
2. a. had studied
b. has been studying d. studies
3. a. will be reckoning c. reckon
b. are reckoning d. has reckoned
c. was studying
259
4. a. has increased c. increases
b. increased d. was increasing
5. a. identies c. had identied
b. have identied d. will identify
6. a. will close c. close
b. would close d. is closing
7. a. help c. will help
b. has helped d. would help
8. a. don’t c. haven’t
b. isn’t d. won’t
9. a. has been c. had been
b. was d. is
10. a. will have c. had
b. would have d. have
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